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Mechanismy kontroly endogenních retrovirů v hostitelské buňce.
Matoušková, Magda ; Hejnar, Jiří (advisor) ; Mělková, Zora (referee) ; Pačes, Jan (referee)
In my thesis I am dealing with human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), which are involved in placenta development, and with porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) in the context of the risk of their transmission to a patient xenotransplanted with a pig organ. We have shown DNA methylation to be an important silencing mechanism regulating HERV as well as PERV. (1) Whereas in placenta the demethylation of HERVs ERVWE1 and ERVFRDE1 is crucial for its correct function, in the testis it is connected with seminoma development. (2) It seems that methylation is partially responsible for low PERV expression in tissues and notably reduces the risk of zoonotic transmission during xenotransplantation. (3) However, the risk remains because in contrast with mouse and rat cells, some human cells are permissive to porcine retroviruses in vitro thanks to functional receptors and their inability to efficiently silence the integrated PERVs.
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HDO Raman spectrum
Šubr, Martin ; Štěpánek, Josef (advisor) ; Procházka, Marek (referee)
Title: HDO Raman spectrum Author: Martin Šubr Department: Institute of Physics of Charles University Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Josef Štěpánek, CSc., Institute of Physics of Charles University Abstract: The main aim of this thesis is to determine the HDO Raman spectrum. This spectrum cannot be measured separately in its liquid form, but it is possible to obtain it by a specific mathematical processing of sets of measured spectra with different H/D ratios. In this work we measured Raman spectra of liquid water with different mole fractions of water and heavy water, which were evaluated by factor analysis. Except for well-known spectra of water and heavy water, spectrum of HDO was determined. For fitting of this spectrum and its analysis, model with equilibrium constant and linear correction of the spectral shape with respect to the relative ratio of D was used. Keywords: Raman scattering, water and heavy water, HDO, factor analysis
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New approaches in the treatment of macular edema. (Intravitreal triamcinolone acxetonide application)
Dusová, Jaroslava ; Hejcmanová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Boguszaková, Jarmila (referee) ; Kalvodová, Bohdana (referee)
New approaches in the treatment of macular edema. Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide application. We evaluate the efficacy of 4 mg intravitreal triamcinolone injection (IVTA) in patients with macular edema (ME) of various etiology. This prospective study included 54 eyes. Group I consisted of 30 eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME), group II included 16 eyes with ME after retinal vein occlusion and group III contained 8 eyes with cystoid macular edema (CME) after standard cataract surgery. All patients were examined prior to injection and at the 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months as followed: the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using ETDRS charts, intraocular pressure (IOP) by applanation tonometry, anterior segment and macula biomicroscopy at the slit lamp. Colour fundusphotography was done and macular thickness (MT) was measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). In all groups of ME, the reduction of MT and improvement of BCVA was observed during and at the end of the study. Mean BCVA in group I improved from 0.19 to 0.23 and MT decreased from 518µm to 375µm. Statistically significant improvement of BCVA (p<0,05) was demonstrated for 1, 3, 6 and 9 months after IVTA. At the 12th month follow up improvement of BCVA was not significant (p=0,057). Reduction of ME was significant in all follow up...
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Rezonanční frekvence generátorů syntetizovaných proudů
Kordík, Jozef ; Trávníček, Zdeněk ; Šafařík, P.
This contribution focuses on axisymmetric synthetic jet actuators from the theoretical point of view. In order to evaluate their resonance frequencies, four mathematical models were derived. The results were compared with experimental data, and analyzed. With respect to the theoretical and experimental results, the applicability and limits of the models were discussed. The results illustratively prove correctness of the previous derivation based on transformation of mechanical energy.
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Technique Problems in Women Combined Events
Korešová, Jana ; Vindušková, Jitka (advisor) ; Krátký, Petr (referee)
TECHNIQUE PROBLEMS IN WOMEN COMBINED EVENTS Objectives: The aim of this work is to describe and find out the mistakes of technique in each technical event of heptathlon. The next goal of this analysis was estimating technical levels of competitress's technical performance with attempt about correction of technical performance. Targets: Gathering of required documentation - letters and records of athletic training and previous seasons' competitions. (training diaries, videorecordings and analysis completed with own memories and experiences.) Further is a formation and comparison of photo sequences made from loaded videorecordings. Methods: In our thesis we used a method of analysis and a method of comparison. We apllied the method of analysis in each event and the method of comparison in comparing of the photo sequences in one event or searching of common signs and mistakes of technical performance. Results: We found out the mistakes in competitress's technical performance of heptathlon's events. We confirmed that the discipline with smallest efficiency contain biggest (basic) mistakes in technical performance, and this discipline was trained in youth infrequently. We found out similar mistakes of technique, that are detect in all disciplines. We found out low differentiation in competitress's...
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Počítačové modelování větvených polymerů
Preisler, Zdeněk ; Uhlík, Filip (advisor) ; Netopilík, Miloš (referee)
In this work we study properties of branched polymers in a good solvent. We focus on problematic related to the size exclusion chromatography and predicting elution behavior of randomly branched polymers. We developed a software for generating self-avoiding walks (SAW) of any given non-looping architecture on a cubic lattice using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation and vali- date its reliability by presenting the scaling of different architectures: linear, 3-arm star and 6-arm star and asymmetric star. We calculate distribu- tion coefficients and calibration curves for size exclusion chromatography for various architectures to validate that the hydrodynamic radius is more suitable for predicting elution volume than the radius of gyration. Then we propose a new method for, although approximate, a very fast estimation of radius of gyration and hydrodynamic radius for different architecture using a graph method. It is done by comparing MC results with results obtained from graph theory. Then we introduce a correction to graph-theory results to fit the MC. At the end we present depletion layer calculation from MC and self-consistent field (SCF) method for polymers and their comparison. We show how calculation of depletion layer using SCF can be improved to get significantly better agreement with MC results. v
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Breathing Excersise Metodics and Preparatory for Singing Breath
Strnadová, Klára ; Volavá, Iva (referee) ; Tichá, Alena (advisor)
The goal of this thesis is to create system of meaningful breathing exercises suitable for continuous improvement of singer's breath. In order to reach our goal, we had to divide this thesis into two fundamental parts; theoretical and practical. The theoretical part describes anatomical and - physiological relationship among parts of upper airways, breathing muscles, and theory, which emphasizes the importance of breath control achieved through conscious exercises. The practical part consists of five independent sections, each containing exercises for practicing basic breathing types. Correct performance of these exercises, greatly enhances the overall respiratory function capability, improves kinaesthesis not only for respiratory muscles, but also for muscles providing postural function. Furthermore, properly executed exercises also improve awareness, which must be an integrant of the all exercises which we indicate for singer's breath training.
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Programm of effective learning as a part of learning competency development
Svobodová, Lenka ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee) ; Krykorková, Hana (advisor)
The objective of the thesis was to form the programm concept for effective learning development. After charting the theory we drew following conclusion: the sufficient help in learning competencies development could be provided by specific offer of influencing the learning strategies technique of student. As a concrete form we chose 2 - days training tested in 7. classes in Basic school Praha - Klanovice. There were following essential bases for the training: 1) pedagogical - psychological diagnostics - simplified version applicable for teacher work 2) introduction to psychology of learning - the bases of grounds of learning psychology was provided to children ( suitable to their age) 3) planing as supposal of effective learning - suitable skills 4) correction of deficiencies - designation of impropriate strategie of learning and follow-on formation of new, more effective ones. We consider the 2 - days traning to be contributing in the sense of formation student's preparedness to the next wilful influencing his learning process.
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Age-related macular degeneration and therapeutic possibilities to influence the wet form of the disease
Fric, Evžen ; Langrová, Hana (advisor) ; Boguszaková, Jarmila (referee) ; Karel, Ivan (referee)
In our study we evaluated the functional and anatomical parameters in patients presenting with the wet form of ARMD treated by TTT, PDT or intravitreal administration of bavacizumab in the follow-up period of 12 months. In the group treated by TTT we found significant decrease of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) within the follow-up period. In the group of patients with classic CNV treated by PDT, the resulting median of BCVA was the same as at the beginning. Therefore the PDT can stabilize BCVA, but cannot improve it. However, statistically significant improvement of BCVA was observed in the group of patients with ocult CNV treated with intravitreal administration of bevacizumab. BCVA was statistically insignificant between the groups at the initial visit, with the exception of significantly lower values in patients treated by TTT in comparison with those treated by PDT. After 6 and 12 months, the BCVA differences were only nonsignificant between TTT and PDT groups. In the group with classic CNV treated by PDT or TTT the difference in BCVA was not statistically significant, as well; on the other hand, the BCVA was significantly better in patients with occult CNV treated by bevacizumab in comparison with the patients treated by PDT or TTT. The best anatomical outcomes evaluated according to FAG...
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Study of inclusive elektron-positron pair production in collisions of Ar+Kcl at 1.756 A GeV
Křížek, Filip
Title: Study of inclusive electron-positron pair production in collisions of Ar + KC1 at 1.756 AGeV Author: Mgr. Filip Kfi'zek, Ph.D. Abstract: Spectroscopy of di-leptons emerging in decays of the light vector mesons př, CD, and ^ is a promising way how to investigate changes of properties of these hadrons in the surrounding nuclear environment. This thesis deals with an analysis of inclusive e"V pair emission from. Ar+KCl collisions at a kinetic beam energy of 1.756 AGeV. The measurement was carried out using the High Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer (HADES). HADES is a unique apparatus dedicated to study e+e~ pair production in hot and dense hadronic matter. After an introduction to the field, the HADES spectrometer is briefly described. Then we focus on the analysis of the Ar+KCl run. We describe and discuss event selection performed by the on-line trigger, lepton identification, and the subsequent pair analysis. Efficiency corrected spectra of parrs are compared with predictions of a thermal model based Monte Carlo event generator (Pluto) and, further, with forecasts of a microscopic transport code (HSD). Finally, we compare results from the HADES Ar+KCl and C+C runs. With respect to the expected di-electron yield from i\-> y e e" decay, in the invariant mass region 0.15 - 0.50 GeV/c2, our spectra...
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