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The agricultural management impact on matter losses in the model catchment of the Stropnice river
SLAVÍKOVÁ, Lucie
The content of this thesis The agricultural management impact on matter losses in the model catchment of the Stropnice river was to observe the quality of surface water and matter losses in five small catchments of Stropnice river. The samples from physico-chemical analysis were medium values from 2001 to 2011. There were observed pH, conductivity and concentrations of main ions and carbon in the surface waters. The results were analysed with multivariate Measures Anova - Tukey HSD post- hoc analyse. For the selected parameters a correlation analysis of the closeness of relationships was performed. There were differences between in sulphates surface water chemism in the upper parts of five streams. In the lower parts of five streams were significant differences between arable soils and meadows. The results confirmed that occurs a positive relation between the chemism of surface water and land use.
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The issue of protection and management of freshwater resources in the agricultural landscape
KUČEROVÁ, Monika
My bachelor's thesis Is concerning problems connected to drinking water. It is concentrating on it's occurence, quality, legislation and obligation of operators in occurrence areas of drinking water. Further it is highlighting problem of contamination and usage of drinking water in agriculture. The evaluation was conducted at five farms and were compared analyzes of drinking water and various indicators of drinking water for various periods of time.
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The impact of landscape elements on biodiversity of small terrestrial mammals
MARŠÁLEK, Martin
The bachelor thesis is dealing with the influence of linear landscape elements on the biodiversity of small terrestrial mammals in an agricultural landscape of South Bohemia. The theoretical part consists of literally review about biodiversity in agroecosystems, ecotones, landscape elements and about ecology of small rodents and insectivores. The aim of the practical part is to compare small mammals' biodiversity in a linear landscape element, on its edge and in surrounding agriculture area. During 2013 vegetation season three three-days long captures were accomplished, CMR method with ears tags was used. In each of three studied biotope a line with 30 traps in 5 metres distances was laid. The species, sex, weight, foot length and age of captured animals were determined. In total, 36 individuals of three species of small terrestrial mammals were captured (Apodemus sylvaticus, Myodes glareolus and Microtus arvalis). The biotopes differ significantly in animal abundance (Chi-Square 66,167; d. f. = 2; p < 0, 0001). The highest species diversity and abundance were found in linear element, where 35 individuals and all the species were captured. In ecotonal zone only one individual was found and there was no individual captured at agricultural meadow.
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Different type of biomass parcels after the harvest as a microbiotope for invertebrates
MACHOVEC, Jiří
Epigeic beetle communities were studied on four types of biomass bales in the cadastral unit Vrbice u Žitné, district Prachatice. Involved were bales a of grass silage stored on the edge of permanent grassland, on hay bales individually placed on permanent grassland , followed by straw bales scattered in the fields of arable land and straw bales stored on the edge of arable land. The first three types of bales were in position only few months (2-3), while straw bales at the fourth position had been more than one year. The sampling method was selected a sieving of detritus. In the bales of hay were found 9 species of 5 families. In hay bales were found 7 species of 4 families. In the straw bales (which spent in position less time - 3 months), were found 10 species of 6 families. In the bales which were in position 13 months, were found 14 species of 4 families. Index of anthropogenic influence on communities demonstrated that the positions are strongly influenced.
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The influence of KPÚ on the degree of ÚSES realization in selected extensively used agricultural parts of South Bohemian region
SEKALOVÁ, Martina
The present study deals with evaluation of complex land adjustments on ecological stability of an extensively used agricultural area. The study was made in Prasetín area (district Tábor). Following given parameters a comparison of initial, projected and real situation was made. Afterwards, the area was surveyed in detail in order to compare projected and real situation. The comparison revealed significant changes in a web of ecosystem stability function before and after land adjustment. By a zonation method the landscape was divided into geoecological sites that were integrated in bioecological zones A, B, C, D. The ecocritical zones leading to ecocritical situations were determined between unsmooth transitions of bioecological zones.
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Possibility of water and nutrient retention increase in agricultural landscape on example of Třeboňsko area
LHOTSKÝ, Richard
Possibility of water and nutrient retention increase in agricultural landscape on example of Třeboňsko area is subject of PhD thesis presented here by Mgr. Richard Lhotský. PhD thesis is divided into three main chapters that try to answer three basic questions: 1. How far is possible to increase landscape water retention using fishponds? 2. Large amount of nutrient and soil leach arable land, both causing surface water euthrophication and a bigger sedimentation in fishponds. Is it possible to moderate these harmful effects? 3. If wetlands became a part of landscape features how to utilize plant biomass from these areas. Fishponds or even whole fishpond system is a specific component of czech rural landscape and fulfill several important functions. Water accumulation and retention are the most important considering the thesis ? fishponds collect water from a catchment area and also collect floodwaves. Current agriculture based on originally steppe crop needs amelioration. In spite lot of positive features we have to bear in mind that water drainage systems increase mineralization of an organic matter in soil and nutrient loss which might be economically important as well as decrease of surface water quality due to the euthphication. Wetlands and small water bodies (fishponds) may play important role as a nutrient trap in agricultural catchment areas, reuse them and prevent their loss from a landscape and whole Czech Republic. It is necessary to solve a utilization of plant biomass from nutrient and water retention areas and use that in biogas plants seems to be one of the most promising.
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