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Zhodnotenie stavu vodného toku Trnávka z hľadiska znečisťovania dusíkom a fosforom
Melicherčíková, Paula
The bachelor thesis Evaluation of the Trnávka watercourse status in terms of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution deals with monitoring and water quality assessment of the Trnávka watercourse during the period of one year, specifically from 18. 2. 2018 to 21. 1. 2019. The first part of the thesis addresses clarification of terms and problems of surface waters. The second part deals with watercourse and familiarize the reader with natural conditions and choosing particular collection points for measuring of pH values, conductivity, temperature and soluble oxygen content with Hach HQ30d flexi probes. Methodical part explains the principle of laboratory analysis in ÚAKE Mendel universi-ty laboratories, where another chemical factors, which affect the water quality were ana-lyzed: orthophosphates, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, sulphates and iron. These val-ues were measured with Hach-Lange DR 4000 spectrophotometer by prescribed proce-dures followed by an evaluation by Annex no. 1 to the Government Order SR 269/2010 Coll. in the last part of this bachelor thesis.
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Water treatment with tertiary degree
Marzinová, Kristýna ; Talašová, Lucie (referee) ; Biela, Renata (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the treatment of drinking water with tertiary degree using activated carbon. In the first part there are described the types of water treatment by a single-stage treatment without separation stage, followed by water treatment with a single-stage and two-stage separation stage. The second part describes the treatment of water from a surface source by means of a third separation stage. In the last part it focuses on activated carbon its history, types and structure, then on production and reactivation. At the end of the thesis, an activated carbon filter is designed as well as a filter pipe. The work is accompanied by an attachment showing the cut and ground plan with activated carbon filter.
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Kinetics of selected herbicides and their biodegradation in soil and water environments
Šabršulová, Anna ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Stibal, Marek (referee)
The three most commonly used herbicides in the Czech Republic (chloracetanilides, triazines and glyphosate) are also the herbicidal compounds found in the highest concentration in surface water. After agricultural application, they interact with soil and water due to their chemical properties and environmental factors affecting them. Adsorption coefficient, solubility in water environment, precipitation and drift have high impacts on the kinetics of these herbicides and degradates emerging from them. While moving through soil, parent compounds of mentioned herbicides are actively biodegraded by microorganisms, the most effective decomposers in nature. Biodegradation in soil and water environments is accelerated or slowed by temperature, moisture, quantity of microbial communities and many other environmental factors. Even if the microbial degradation is effective in a water or soil environment, there are many other new, arising compounds whose persistence in the environment is significantly higher than that of the parent compound. Degradates can end up in surface water by run off or wash out from agricultural fields and can remain there for decades depending on their chemical properties and natural conditions. Key words: surface water, herbicides, herbicides degradation products, rainfall-runoff...
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Quality of surface water in the Czech Republic and their treatability
Bedáňová, Jana ; Macsek, Tomáš (referee) ; Biela, Renata (advisor)
The thesis deals with the quality of surface water in the Czech Republic and the development of its quality in the streams and reservoirs. Issues related to wastewater discharge to the recipient (often without cleaning) and seepage from agricultural land. At the end, it deals with water quality indicators, their acquisition and assessment based on normative documents and their calculation on the basis of measured values.
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The influence of agricultural activities on selected physical and chemical parameters of surface water
MIKEŠOVÁ, Aneta
The aim of this diploma thesis was a statistical evaluation of the impact of farming methods and the land cover on hydrochemical parameters of surface waters drainage patterns in Novohradské mountains and identify the possible impact of agriculture on the valuesof these parameters. The area for the evaluation is consist of lower and upper parts of the basin of Pasecký, Bedřichovský and Váčkový stream. Sampling sites include agriculturally cultivated land, but also forest ecosystems. The work is mainly focused on the following parameters: conductivity, nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3-), suspended solids (NL105) and phosphate phosphorus (P-PO43-), which are parameters causing eutrophication of water. The parameters changes were analysed for the years 2014 - 2017. Significant differences were observed in the all three streams in the water chemisms between upper and lower parts of the watersheds of conductivity and nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3-). The results confirmed that the farming has a significant influence on the water quality in the Pasecký, Bedřichovský and Váčkový stream although it is an extensive farming.
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Monitoring jakosti vody vybraného toku
Kovařík, Radovan
The bachelor thesis deals with one year monitoring of the water quality in Břežanka stream on six places chosen for taking water samples from 26 April 2015 to 14 March 2016. These places were set to continue in monitoring of Ing. Dagmar Michalčíková, that was processed in the diploma thesis. The issue of surface water and the characteristics of the area of interest is solved in literature search. The next part is focused on measuring quality parameters. Among monitored parameters observed in the sampling points using a device HQ30D were: conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature. It was also conducted water sampling, which were then chemically analyzed in the laboratory ÚAKE of Mendel University in Brno. The indicators below the determined using a spectrophotometer were: total phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand. The obtained values were evaluated to CSN 75 7221 Classification of surface water quality and also according to the Annex no. 3 to Government Regulation no. 401/2015 Coll.
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The study of water quality in wells Protected Landscape Area Křivolkátsko
Vobecká, Kateřina ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor) ; Tonika, Jaroslav (referee)
The water quality is an essential abiotic factor of the environment, particularly for water-linked ecosystems. It also necessary for human society for which the absence of drinking water could have disastrous consequences. This diploma thesis is focused on small resources of groundwater located in the protected area Křivoklátsko - the springs and wells. A water from the monitored wells was subjected to basic physico-chemical analysis plus some of these wells were also tested for microbiological contamination. These results were presented against current legislation and were also compared with results from Tomáš Brabenec's bachelor thesis. Key words: Křivoklátsko, wells, springs, water quality
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Metody analýzy hydrochemických dat v prostředí statistického softwaru na příkladu modelového území Novohradska
BERNASOVÁ, Tereza
The aim of the diploma thesis was a statistical evaluation of the impact of farming methods and the land cover on hydrochemical parameters of surface waters. The area for the evaluation is located in Novohradsko and consist of lower and upper parts of the basin of Vackovy potok and a lower part of Pasecky potok. The area was chosen to include different landscape managements (arable soil, forest and meadows). Due to this fact, it is possible to compare the impact of the management on values of the chosen hydrochemical parameters, which were conductivity, N NO3-, TOC, NL105 and the outflow. Based on the results, it is possible to say that the surface waters from the intesively farmed part of the basin of Vackovy potok have the higher values of all chosen parameters compared to the forest basin or the meadow basin. There was a trend of the increase of the outflow and the values N NO3- in the surface waters always one day after a heavy rainfall. Overall, it is possible to claim that the arable soil has reduced abilities of the retention. This is supported by the large water drainage from the agricultural area.
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Interaction of surface water and groundwater og Luznice River
Slabá, Zdenka ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Datel, Josef (referee)
This thesis is a part of a project run by The Department of Geography, Faculty of Science in Charles University in Prague. This project deals with processes in floodplains of the Lužnice, the Stropnice and the Blanice rivers. The research in the floodplain of the Lužnice started in the year 2008 and is focused on the interaction between groundwater and surface water. The monitored territory it is situated to the south of a locality called Halámky and its area is 0,6 km2. In this thesis mainly the outputs of the research were elaborated. The highlighted points were the interpretation of the groundwater level behaviour, the groundwater streaming orientation in the area and interaction between groundwater and surface water. The outputs of this thesis can be used in the next stages of the project.
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The effect of dump waters on the quality of surface stream in Czech Republic
Samšuková, Eva ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor) ; Křenková, Marcela (referee)
A landfill leachate is a chemical solution generated in the waste materials that are dumped in a landfill. According to the increasing amount of waste produced worldwide the risk that leachate water gets out of a landfill and contaminates with contained pollutants surrounding environment, e.g. nearby surface water, rises. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the effect that leachates have to surface water in the Czech Republic. The research was built on primary data that had been obtained in several landfills in the Czech Republic. Important sources were also obtained through the secondary literature. Possible influence of leachates is also outlined by chemical calculating illustrating a hypothetical situation of leaking landfill water to a stream. My research showed that the impact of landfill water on surface water presents a great risk. It can occur during ordinary operations of the landfill operations - due to instable technical installation or due to dumping waste with a different extract conditions, but also as a consequence of extraordinary situations (e. g. storms). Surface water is mostly polluted with heavy metals, chlorides or nitrogen in variety of its forms. High concentration of organic matters is also detected by COD and BOD indicators. Exceeding legal limits threatens the whole surface...
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