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Visual disorder by geriatric patients as a nursing problem
BUMBOVÁ, Štěpánka
Due to aging, the incidence of chronic degenerative eye diseases increases. The most common visual diseases include cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. Visual impairment reduces the patient's quality of life and therefore requires a special approach by nursing staff. A hospital stay can be one of the most difficult situations for such a patient, because he suddenly finds himself in a foreign environment. Being aware of everyday problems and needs, and the principles of communication is a beneficial element in providing quality nursing care. The aim of the bachelor thesis is to map the specifics of the approach to geriatric patients with visual impairment in nursing care. The empirical part was processed using a qualitative research survey, which was conducted in the form of a semi-structured interview. The research sample consisted of 10 informants older than 60 years suffering from various visual disorders. The obtained results showed that all informants were able to come to terms with the visual impairment and learn to live with it. Most informants underwent visual surgery and their visual impairment was much reduced, but some informants became more difficult after the operation. Certain requirements were directed mainly at the specifics of communication. Informants reported slight shortcomings in the verbal and nonverbal communication of nursing staff. A positive finding was that the informants consider the quality of the provided nursing services and information to be equivalent to that of persons without visual illness and evaluated the provided care as generally positive. The work provides a comprehensive view of the issue of visual disorders in geriatric age. The results can serve nurses in practice, but also students of medical and non-medical medical disciplines in preparation for future professions. Based on the obtained materials, an information brochure on cataracts and glaucoma was also created.
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The fulfilling of the Maslow´ s hierarchy of needs in a specific company
ŠŤASTNÝ, Petr
The bachelor thesis presents the fulfilling of the Maslow´ s hierarchy of needs in a specific company and how it effects the quality of work and employee satisfaction. The main aim is to assess how the company follows the values of motivational theories and how it pays off to the company. A literary review is written based on domestic and foreign literature and deals with basic terminology. The Knowledge gained from professional literature is utilized for describing the analyses which was carried out among 41 respondents of the company ABC, Ltd. Finally, the hypotheses and recommendations for evaluating how to further increase employee motivation based on Maslow's pyramid of needs are evaluated.
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The Importance of Activation Activities in Retirement Homes for the Elimination of Social Isolation of their Residents
LAMAČOVÁ, Veronika
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to describe the importance of activation activities in homes for the elderly and to find out how they are helpful to the elderly and how activation differentiated during the Covid-19 pandemic. The bachelor thesis deals with the process of aging and old age, the changes that accompany this period, adaptation to old age and the move to a home for the elderly. In the following chapters it describes the needs that help to secure the quality life of the elderly. The next part of this work describes social isolation, its causes and consequences, which result in feeling alone and lonely in some individuals. The last chapter of the bachelor thesis is devoted to activation activities in homes for the elderly. Here it describes the importance of the activation activities, their methods and the duties of the activation worker. The final part focuses on activation activities to prevent social isolation during the Covid pandemic - 19.
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Work management of nurse in the ordinary of praktitioners
VAŇHOVÁ, Romana
Primary health care is an intrinsic part of health care system in all developed countries. The purpose of primary care is to provide preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic care. Primary care requires a very high level of cooperation, especially between the doctor and the nurse. The activities of a nurse in a general practitioner's office can be divided into several basic areas. The first corresponds to tasks for which the nurse has work competence, however, other areas include managerial, social and societal responsibilities. A nurse in primary care is the most professional person responsible for implementation of health education. and contributes thus to reducing the incidence of the disease and mortality from chronic diseases. The aim of this diploma thesis was to map the management of nurse working in the general practitioner's office, to map the visiting care for patients in the home environment and to find out the needs of patients in the home environment. The empirical part of the research was conducted using qualitative research survey, using the technique of in-depth semi-structured interview. The research group consisted of nurses working in general practitioners' surgeries, patients who are visited by general practitioner nurses and carers who take care of their loved ones in their natural environment. The research survey showed that nurses in general practitioners' surgeries do not have enough information about the current legislation needed to ensure the operation of the surgery. They lack suitable professional courses, such as resuscitation course, computer course, communication or management course. They would also welcome education on social issues. Research on a group of patients confirmed the benefits of staying in the home environment with the emphasis on meeting their needs. A research survey of a group of carers revealed high burden for carers who care for their loved ones in their home environment. A nurse practitioner plays a key role for both groups. He/she is often the first person the patient or his family talks to. Often, patients and families communicate their feelings and pleas to nurses rather than doctors. Given that patients and their families currently prefer home, it is important that the responsible nurse has highly versatile capabilities. The results of the research survey showed that nurses in general practitioners' surgeries would welcome the possibility of further comprehensive education. Therefore, a proposal for courses in lifelong learning for nurses was created within the diploma thesis.
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Satisfaction of patient's spiritual needs in healthcare facilities
MIKEŠOVÁ, Miroslava
This bachelor thesis is called "Satisfaction of patient´s spiritual needs in healtcare facilities.". In the theoretical part of this work I deal with the needs, their distribution, definition and also the needs of a sick person. In the next part of theory, I focused directly on the spiritual needs and the role of the nurse and other workers in accomplishing those needs. Also mentioned the most common religions in the world and religion in our country in the Czech Republic. The main goal of the bachelor´s thesis was to find out what possibilities patients have in satisfying spiritual needs in healthcare facilities. To this goal, two research questions have been identified, RQ1: How are the spiritual needs of patient´s in a particular healthcare facility accomplished?? And RQ2: To what extent do patients use possibilities to satisfy spiritual needs? To accomplish this this goal, we used a qualitative survey conducted in the form of semi-structured interviews with directors from various healthcare facilities. Seven interviews were conducted with directors as a part of this research. The research survey showed how directors of various healthcare facilities have a view of spiritual needs and also how they can define them. Satisfying spiritual needs is very common in hospice facilities. They encounter spiritual needs less or almost never in other facilities. Patients who require spiritual care can primarily use medical staff. The medical staff is then able to mediate a priest, a pastor, or last but not least a hospital chaplain. The output of this bachelor´s thesis is a professional article that will help medical staff, patients or students of medical disciplines to become more acquainted with spiritual needs and their possibilities in satisfaction.
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Experience of a heart transplant from patient´s perspective.
MAZÁK, Vít
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of the experience of the whole process of a heart transplant from the patient's perspective. The aim of this thesis is to map the needs of patients during the process of heart transplantation. This goal was achieved using research questions about how the patient perceives nursing care, what feelings they experience, what their needs are and subsequently how they comply with the precautions after the heart transplant. The theoretical part focuses on the history of organ transplantation with a closer look on the history of heart transplantation and approaches the transplantation law in the Czech Republic, and includes the topic of the most common causes of a heart transplant. Then, it elaborates on the conditions of the heart transplant and the subsequent inclusions of the patient on the waiting list. It also briefly describes selected examinations preceding the heart transplantation, the patient's preparation and the general course of the operation. It explains the nursing care of the patient after the heart transplant, patient's needs and rehabilitation after the surgery and early complications. After that, the thesis follows up with describing the nursing care in the hospital and the patient's home rehabilitation. It also focuses on the psyche during the transplantation process, on the description of immunosuppressive drugs and the contexts of their use. The research part of this work utilizes the qualitative research method. A semi-structured interview consisting of 29 questions was used to collect the data. The research group consisted of six patients, who have undergone a heart transplant. During the research that was to map the needs of informants, it has become clear that the needs of a heart transplant patient are usually met thanks to the high level of nursing care, which is provided to them. The quality of nursing care identified in this cases is highly adapted to the individual needs of the interviewed. Most patients do not have a problem receiving a foreign organ, but in some cases they would need more time to absorb a fact, that it is an organ from other human. What emerged from other results is, that some patients have a feeling they are insufficiently informed about the heart transplantation before the operation itself.
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Needs of patients with thyroid disease
HANUSOVÁ, Kateřina
This bachelor thesis deals with the needs of patients with thyroid disease. The work is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. Thyroid diseases include goiter, inflammation, tumors, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. This work is focused on the needs of patients with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. The two diseases differ in thyroid function, which is reduced in hypothyroidism and increased in hyperthyroidism. Both diseases are accompanied by many non-specific symptoms that occur in all systems. The treatment of the disease takes place in hypothyroidism in the replacement of thyroid hormones and in hyperthyroidism either also in the replacement of hormones or it is solved operatively or with the help of radioactive iodine. It is important to adhere to the treatment, as even in these two diseases, symptoms may increase and subsequent myxedema coma or thyrotoxic crisis may occur, which are life-threatening conditions. In the theoretical part, we also deal with the hierarchy of needs, because the nursing process is derived from this knowledge. The disease can affect the patient's needs in some way and in case of their dissatisfaction, the patient suffers in the physical, mental or social area. In the practical part of the bachelor thesis we dealt with qualitative research. This study consisted of ten probands treated with either hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. The method of semi-structured interview was chosen for data collection, which was used in communication with probands suffering from thyroid disease. The interviews were formulated on the basic of the set goal: To map the needs of patients with thyroid disease. The research was conducted at home. The results we obtained from the interviewees through interviews were divided into several categories and subsequently processed. According to our research, a different need is important for each patient. However, I would like to note that even after using the medication, some respondents still struggle with fatigue, which they try to overcome to a certain extent, but even so they are sometimes forced to succumb to fatigue and go to rest during the day. I would also like to mention the reduced tolerance of the warm environment, which appeared in some respondents, and even after the use of medication in patients did not disappear. Finally, I would like to point out that, according to our research, some respondents are afraid of pregnancy due to their illness, which is likely to limit them in the future. This work will serve students to obtain new information about the disease and could also serve as a source of information for newly diagnosed patients.
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Comparison care of for seniors in home environment and residential facilities
NEUWIRTHOVÁ, Jana
The diploma thesis is focused on comparing the care of the elderly in the home environment with the residential care, especially in the Home for the Elderly in Benešov. The theoretical part of the thesis presents the theoretical basis for the research that was made mainly in the Home for the Elderly in Benešov. The theoretical chapters about ageing, kinds of care, and examples of offered services for the elderly are complemented by a practical part. The practical part of the diploma thesis is based on the experience of the seniors with whom there were made half-structured interviews. The interviews were focused on the factors that are the autonomy of the individuals, their relationships with others and their families, and also their health conditions. All these factors fundamentally affect the seniors' satisfaction with the place where they have to spend their elderly years.
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Hierarchy of Needs in a Selected Age Group of Paraplegic Patients
ŠVARCOVÁ, Michaela
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to map the hierarchy of needs in patients with paraplegia. In connection with this goal, four research questions were created: "How has the hierarchy of needs changed before and after paraplegia?"; "What needs are a priority for a patient with paraplegia?"; "What is the difficulty of meeting the needs of patients with paraplegia in nursing?"; "What needs are best met by patients with paraplegia - from the point of view of nursing staff?" The work is limited to two parts - the theoretical part, in which I focus on definition of the theoretical basis, on which our research is based, and the empirical part. The empirical part of this work was processed with the help of a qualitative research survey, which was carried out with the help of a semi-structured interview. The basis for the interview with patients with paraplegia (attachment 1) consisted of 31 questions, the basis for the interview with nurses (attachment 2) consisted od 27 questions. The questions hava been expanded with additional sub-quastions, if neccesery. The individual questions focused on of the needs of the patient both from the perspective of the patient himself and from the pespective of the nurses who work with patients with paraplegia. The questions further focused on physiological needs, the needs of safety and security, the need for love, acceptance and belonging, the need for recognition and respect, and the need for self-realization. The research group consisted of 5 patients with paraplegia and 6 nurses who work with patients with paraplegia. Individual interviews were furthere processed by the method of open coding, the "pencil-paper" technique. The resuslts of the research survey are classified into categories and subcategories for better clarity. Patients with paraplegia, as well as nurses who work with patinets with paraplegia, have their own categories and subcategories. These individual categories describe the needs of paraplegic patients, both from the perspective of the patient himself and the nurses, who work with patients with paraplegia in the broadest possible context. The results map of needs of a patient with paraplegia. A pyramid of needs is created, which each patient has assembled himself, and a pyramide of needs, which has been assembled by the nurses, according to how the nurses see the needs of the patient withparaplegia. As a result, each patient has a slightly different pyramid structure, but the same is true for everyone that their entire lives have changed the most, they have become dependent on others and have limited self-sufficiency. The results of the work can serve as a basis for further possible studies in this field.
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Needs of the patient undergoing radioiodine therapy
PAVLOVIČOVÁ, Adéla
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to map the needs of patients who are treated by radioiodine therapy. Two research questions were chosenin connection with the main objective of the thesis. The research questions are: "What are the specifics of the biological needs of patients undergoing radioiodine treatment?" and "What are the specifics of the psycho-social needs of patients undergoing radioiodine treatment?" The empirical part of the bachelor thesis was elaborated by method of qualitative research. The research itself was conducted in the form of semi-structured interview. Each interview consisted of 19 pre-repaired questions, which were supplemented by additional sub-questions, if it was possible. The interviews took place in the private environment of the Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrinology. There were also made the audio recording of this interviews, based on the consent of all interviews. The recordings were rewritten and processed by using the open-coding method - ,,pencil-paper'' technique. There were 8 informants aged 19-72 years, in the research group. The results of the research are presented in the form of three categories and two of them are also divided into subcategories. The subcategories are shown schematically, because of the clarity. These thematically selected categories represent answers of the previously mentioned research questions of this bachelor thesis. The results of the research allow a complex view of the period before, after and also application the radioiodine. These results can be used like educational material for nurses who take care of patients with thyroid disease, or as s source of information for patients waiting for this treatment.
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