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The Role of Youth in Post-conflict Reconstruction
Dillingerová, Šárka ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
Youth is a very important demographic part of the society, which plays dynamic and active role. Countries, which go through post-conflict reconstruction, have to deal with many serious problems. Until now, we have witnessed youth to be seen as one of the issues. The aim of this thesis is to look at youth from different point of view. Youth can also be an active and dynamic element contributing to peacebuilding activities and stabilization. Analyzing two post-conflict reconstructions in Kosovo and Mozambique, we determine factors, which have biggest effect on decision-making process and behaviour of young people. Afterwards, we will take a look at their needs and how to program post-conflict reconstruction in order to empower young people to be agents of peace and development in the area.
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Terorism-ethic standards carriing interests of society (politics)
ŠŤASTNÝ, Michal
The diploma thesis deals with the terrorism and war, their meaning in the globalised world and with the possibility of ethical justification of violence. Theoretical part delineates terrorism, its terminology and political and social environment. It describes kinds and methods of terrorism, its history and some of the terrorist organizations with their goals. The thesis also compares terrorism and war in the parts where they intersect. In the next chapters it presents original ethical theories which would be supported by the moral assessment of violent enforcing of interests. There is explained the term of just war, its basic principles and obligatory attributes. Practical part characterize three chosen actual conflicts: the Al- Qaeda attacks on the United States from 11th September, 2001, Chechnya war for its autonomy and current factual occupation of Iraq by allied forces. Legitimate setting in the sense of ius ad bellum, the right to defend by the use of violence, was not mostly deconstructed. In the area of ius in bello, the right in the war, the hypothesis was not verified and the particular violent action did not fulfill some of the basic principles of just war.
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Hamas and terrorism as a barrier to peace between Israel and Palestine
Podracká, Petra ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Šabacká, Yvona (referee)
Bachelor thesis describes the formation and evolution of the Hamas movement on the background of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, it examines its ideology, terrorist methods and analyses the motivation of suicide martyrs. At the same time it deals with entities, which provide Hamas with financial and other support. The movement's popularity among Palestinians is manifested by the outcome of the last legislative elections, which are further analysed in this thesis. The text presents the viewpoints of both sides of the conflict as well as the views of representatives of the international community. Their inconsistency reflects the complexity of this conflict, the solution of which is currently at a stalemate. The aim of this thesis is to prove on the basis of relevant facts that Hamas is a barrier to peace, and outline up-to-date possibilities, which can help restart the peace process.
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International legal status of the Holy See in international relations
Hovorková, Jana ; Drhlík, Alois (advisor) ; Kratochvíl, Petr (referee)
Diplomová práce se zabývá postojem Svatého stolce jako subjektu mezinárodního práva k válečným konfliktům a napětí v mezinárodních vztazích v 80. letech 20. století, tedy v době části pontifikátu Jana Pavla II. (1978-2005). V první, spíše teoretické části, jsou vysvětleny základní pojmy vztahující se ke Svatému stolci, papežův primát, vnitřní struktura fungování Římské kurie se zaměřením na Státní sekretariát a Papežskou radu pro spravedlnost a mír, principy diplomacie Svatého stolce, východiska pro pontifikát Jana Pavla II. (II. vatikánský koncil a jeho dokumenty, Ostpolitik Svatého stolce), znaky programu pontifikátu Jana Pavla II. a jím upřednostňované nástroje a aspekty. Druhá, aplikační část, na vybraných případech z 80. let 20. století ? spor o Beaglův průliv, válka o Falklandy, napětí v Polsku, nikaragujský režim a problematika teologie osvobození a občanská válka v Libanonu ? ukazuje konkrétní postoj Svatého stolce či jeho roli v nich.
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