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ZÁKLADNÍ ASPEKTY VÝŽIVY TELAT
CHUDOBOVÁ, Monika
The thesis is about overview of feeding the calves. It briefly summarizes the growth of the calf from the prenatal period through delivery towards areas related to nutrition of each separated calf category. Mainly it is about colostrum food, milk and plant nutrition. This thesis also includes a chapter about animal food additives which are nowadays indispensable part of feed rations in nutrition of calves.
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Vliv teploty vzduchu na chování holštýnských telat ve venkovních individuálních boxech
Vaculíková, Martina
The aim of this diploma thesis was evaluating the influence of temperature of the air on the behaviour of Holstein calves in individual outdoor calf hutches. The experimental part of this thesis has been performed on university's dairy facility Žabčice. Among the analyzed behavioural manifestations were included especially the time spent lying down or standing, outside or inside the hutch. Impact of bodyweight, age, treated or untreated bedding on calves' vital signs were also evaluated. When evaluating the time spent lying down, the laterality was taken into account. In the context of obtained results it can be said that the temperature is important factor, when evaluating its effect on Holstein cal-ves behaviour in invididual hutches. But more important factor affecting calves behavior is their weight and age.
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Possibilities of use of food supplements in prevention and health care calves
PÁNIKOVÁ, Monika
The basis for a successful cattle production is the proper care taking of pregnant cows as well as a sufficient care taking of the new-born calves. During the last years, a big attention has been given to this area because the higher farming quality the higher economic benefits and the lower losses in meat and milk yield will be respectively. For this reason, an influence of different feed supplements (Lactovita, Biopolym, Homeopathics) on haematological and biochemical parameters as well as an effect on weight gain and amounts of microorganisms in new-born calves has been studied. The specific aim of this thesis is to evaluate an influence of these supplements on incidences of diarrhea, microbial activity and to assess its effect on selected haematological and biochemical blood parameters. Three experimental and one control group (ten calves per each) were set up in the chosen company. The experimental groups had a modified feeding ratio between the first and the fourth week of life the calves received either colostrum + 5ml "PVB" homeopathic or colostrum + 5 ml "Biopolym" prebiotics or colostrum + 1 pill of "Lactovita", while the control group received colostrum without supplement. The first day after birth, a blood sample and a microbial smear sample were taken. Second sample collection was carried out in the fourth week of life. The calves were weighed every week. Obtained data were processed graphically and in tables and were statistically evaluated. The influence of mentioned feed additives on weight gain and diarrhea occurrence was evaluated from the obtained results. The most of haematological and biochemical parameters have approximately the same values compared to those found by other authors. There were no significant differences in monitored parameters in the experimental groups compared to the control group. Furthermore, no influence was found on blood parameters. Only in case of zinc a significant difference was found between treated groups and control (p=0,0012). Changes between the treated groups (independently on control) were observed in haematocrit, total protein content, cholesterol, zinc and copper. Non-significant differences between the tested groups and control were found in haemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, glycaemia, urea, LF, GMT, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium. No impact of tested supplements was found on microbial composition. A positive effect of Lactovita, Biopolym and Homeopathic compared to the control group was found in case of weight gain. The obtained results show some positive trends which should be a subject for further research, where total amount of calves per groups is increased to reduce variability.
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Assessment of diarrheal problems by calves on selected dairy cattle farm.
POLÁČKOVÁ, Eva
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the prevalence of diarrheal diseases in calves depending on the level of postnatal care of newborns on the selective dairy cattle farm. A total of 299 calving was evaluated on the farm in the period 2013 - 2015. The total mortality of calves was less than 7 %, in which mortality due to diarrheal diseases represented less than 3 %. The colostrum quality was assessed as excellent in 74%. Passive immunization, determined as the total protein content in the blood of calves, was performed in 72 % of the calves well. 60 % of calving happened in ideal hygienic conditions and diarrhea was found in 25 % of them. In contrast, diarrheal diseases were found in 65 % of calving in poor hygienic conditions.
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The Basic aspects of nutrition and health of calves
MOTEJLEK, Miroslav
The thesis deals with nutrition of calves from birth until weaning and health issues of the calves. The first part of work deals with nutrition of calves, especially about the importance of the colostrum period, which is important for the development of their immunity, and then dairy period until weaning. The second part of the thesis with the health issues of the calves. Especially resporatory dieases and diseases of the digestive system. Diseases of calves is causing economic burden on farms. In addition to the cost of the treatment of the sick calves is also increased mortality and reduced growth of calves, which has an impact on the future productivity of the cattle. Therefore, it is important to ensure adequate prevention of these diseases. These preventive measures are included in the following sections, which are summarized information on the physiological development of the forestomach was also tested, care of the mother, childbirth and subsequent care of born calf. The final chapter suggests the possibilities of solving the health of calves.
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Analysis of health problems in rearing calves in selected breeding
KRUPKA, Martin
The thesis is focused on health issues in the rearing of calves depending on the occurrence of complicated births and the level of postpartum care about newborn calves. The literature review describes the physiological calving, factors influencing its process, postpartum care about newborn calves. It also described selected diseases of calves which are considered as the most serious. Own work is based on the data obtained in the period 2011-2013 and was focused on running of the total 357 births, incidence of complications, birth weight of newborn calves, the level of postnatal care about calves, particularly relation with time of the first colostrum intake, the disease incidence, a morbidity and mortality rate within three months of age.
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The basic aspects of nutrition and evaluation of selected haematological and biochemical parameters in the blood in calves
POBORSKÁ, Anna
Healthy and well fed calves are the main prerequisite for high performances. The aim is to evaluate the concept of nutrition of calves and assess the dynamics of selected haematological and biochemical parameters of blood in the sample of agricultural holdings, depending on the influence of selected dietary supplements. The experiment was conducted in the agricultural cooperative Krásna hora nad Vltavou a.s. on the farm Perovice, where they breed Holstein cattle. There were three groups of calves - one control and two experimental. The test groups received dietary supplements to promote active immunity by the instruction. In the first group Lactovita dietary supplements, the latter group food supplement called Biopolym. The first blood sampling was performed from ages 5 to 7 days and a second collection has been made 3 weeks later. Findings and data analysis were summarized and evaluated. The experiment was conducted from August to November 2013.
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Effect of feeding frequency on the growth of calves in the dairy nutrition
TOMANOVÁ, Jana
Ensuring proper nutrition to young cattle is essential for its growth and development during rearing and the subsequent performance, including maintenance of the health of animals. Attention is deservedly paid mainly to colostrum nutrition, but also milk nutrition. However there are great reserves due to caregivers work habits and ingrained practices are the highest risk factors that decide the success of rearing. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of feeding frequency on the growth intensity of calves during the milk diet. The observation of calves was carried out from May 2013 to February 2014. Total of 60 randomly selected calves - heifers of the Czech Fleckvieh cattle were analysed. Heifers were divided into two groups (2x30): one group was fed 2 times per day and the second group was fed 3 times per day by the same amount of milk.
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Possibilities of the usage of nonconventional methods and dietary supplements in prevention and in health provision of calves.
PÁNIKOVÁ, Monika
Healthy and strong individuals are fundamental in every cattle breeding. Tthe aim of this study was which of these given supplement had the best influence on calf weight gain in early period after weaning to milk nutrition. This research had continued in cooperation with farm in Hakovy Dvory. Calfs were studied from March 2012 to February 2013. They were weaned into outdoor individual box after birth. There were added supplements into their ration in firs two weeks of life. Calfs were partitioned on the base of addend supplement into three experimental groups and one control group. The first weight control of calfs was after birth and the second weight control was in thirty days of life. From the different of theese values was calculated average weight gain. The best significant effect had tested groups Homeopatics and Prebiotics (Biopolym) with average increment 26,9 kilograms. Next tested group was Probiotics (Lactovita) with average increment 26,1 kilograms. The last goup was Contol, there the calfs didn?t have changed ration and their average increment was 23,5 kilograms. From the results of this study is possible to presume, that calfs had positive reaction on supplements added in first days of life and theese had favourable effect to diarrhoea prevention. Prebiotics, homeopatics and probiotics favourable stimulate calfs digestive system and they have general positive effect on calfs physiological condition.
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Fundamental aspects of calve nutrition
POBORSKÁ, Anna
Thesis provides an overview of nutrition and how nutrition of calves. This thesis deals with the importance and need of individual nutriets, minerals, vitamins and technology feeding of calves. The work is focused on the nutritional value and composition of feed administred. These results were obtained in operating conditions. Based on established data it has been suggested recommendations for the optimal compositoon of feed diets and treatment technoloques designed to feed on the farm.
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