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název v anglickém jazyce není uveden
Kleiblová, Petra ; Calda, Pavel (advisor) ; Dostálová, Ivana (referee) ; Čechák, Petr (referee)
23 7 SUMMARY This work deals with the role of adipose tissue-derived hormones - adipokines in the development of insulin resistance in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The study consists of two parts. In the first one, the characterization of changes in concentrations of circulating adiponectin - the most abundant adipokine - during menstrual cycle in healthy women was performed. The second part was focused on the changes of gene expression in pregnant women with GDM relative to healthy pregnant controls (14 vs. 13 subjects). Specificial attention was focused on adipokines and their receptors (ADIPOQ, ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2, LEP, RETN, TNF , CFD a PAI1) as well as other genes potentially contributing to the etiopathogenesis of GDM in the samples of placenta, subcutaneous, and visceral adipose tissues obtained during surgical delivery. The changes of gene expression were assessed by the two approaches: Firstly, the gene expression of insulin signaling pathway regulators was characterized using expression arrays in a limited subset of samples from GDM and control subjects. Secondly, the expression of genes that differed most significantly in GDM vs. control group in arrays, together with other genes of involved in the regulation of insulin sensitivity, were analyzed using qPCR in the entire...
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Determination of radiochemical purity of radiopharmaceuticals TechneScan HDP by chromatography using different mobile and stationary phases
RAUS, Klára
Nuclear medicine is a relatively young medical field. The nuclear medicine department performs both diagnostic tests and therapies using open radiation sources whereas the diagnostic use currently prevails. The imaging method used is called scintigraphy and uses a scintillation camera capturing the distribution of administered radiopharmaceutical. Using a scintillation detector, which is incorporated in a gamma camera, the distribution of the radiopharmaceutical in the target tissue can be observed, either after a certain period of time from the administration of the radiopharmaceutical (static scintigraphy) or over time (dynamic scintigraphy). One of the most common examinations performed at the nuclear medicine department is bone scintigraphy. The examination is carried out using osteotropic radiopharmaceutical that binds to bones, thus revealing pathologies caused by the change of metabolic activity. The examination in itself takes place through external detection of the administered radiopharmaceutical. Bone scintigraphy is a very useful examination that is used to detect bone metastases in cancer diseases, to diagnose primary malignant bone tumors, to detect infectious processes in the bones, to diagnose joint diseases, metabolic diseases of the skeleton, and bone injuries. The examination in itself is performed by using radiopharmaceuticals. Once administered, the radiopharmaceutical serves as a diagnostic indicator. This is a medicine that incorporates a radionuclide that emits ionizing radiation. The radionuclides used in nuclear medicine are artificially prepared and transported either as ready-to-use products or as radionuclide generators to the nuclear medicine department. The generator that is the most commonly used at the nuclear medicine department is the 99Mo/99mTc generator. The above mentioned radionuclide generator consists of a glass chromatography column which is located in a lead shielding cylinder. The column contains the adsorbent material (alumina) in which the parent radionuclide is adsorbed. Due to different chemical properties of the parent and the daughter element the daughter radionuclide can be washed out (eluted) by means of a suitable solution. In practice, the radiopharmaceuticals are commonly prepared using kits that are commercially available. The kits are labeled by using sodium pertechnetate solution obtained from the 99Mo/99mTc generator. Prior to the administration of the radiopharmaceutical to the patient it is necessary to carry out the determination of radiochemical purity. The most commonly used is a paper chromatography and thin layer chromatography. In the Czech Republic, 99mTc labelled diphosphonates (e.g. the kits TechneScan HDP, 6-MDP or 8-MDP are used for bone scintigraphy. These osteotropic radiopharmaceuticals are prepared in a shielded laminar box in the radiopharmaceutical laboratory at the nuclear medicine department. The preparation is subject to the manufacturer's instructions. After preparation, prior to administration to the patient, the determination of radiochemical purity needs to be performed. The determination of radiochemical purity of the radiopharmaceutical TechneScan HDP is carried out by using thin layer chromatography (ITLC-SG) by means of 13.6% solution of sodium acetate and methyl ethyl ketone as eluent. However, this determination is demanding for the normal operation of the department in terms of design as well as costs. Therefore, a suitable alternative method was sought. The new method consists in paper chromatography by using 0.9% solution of sodium chloride and acetone as eluent. After 50 determinations of radiochemical purity using pharmacopoeial and alternative methods was found that the alternative method is applicable for the routine determination of radiochemical purity during normal operation of the nuclear medicine department
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Complex Treatment of Patients with Bechterew´s Syndrome
ARCIMOVIČOVÁ, Petra
The bachelor thesis titled "Complex Treatment of Patients with Bechterew´s Syndrome" suggests therapeutic possibilities of the disease. Bechterew´s syndrome is a frequent topic of scientific papers but the complexity of treatment is not always considered. A major part of the theoretical section presents the disease with its signs and symptoms, and also discusses the much debated causes, the progression and phases of the disease. The thesis focuses on the psychosomatic approach; it discusses potential influences and other factors, specifically genetic and antigen factors, a potential connection with bacterial diseases, the function of intestinal microflora and its relation to dietary habits. Another important topic is influence of specific personality traits, as well as the implication of the patient´s social interactions in the early childhood on the behaviour in an adult age. The research results in five examinations of patients with Bechterew´s syndrome including personal history, kinesiology examination and a two-hour interview with each patient. The data are qualitatively analyzed. There are two research questions: the first explores which physical, psychological, social and spiritual factors may improve the disease; the second looks into factors which may aggravate it. On the one hand, in the majority of cases the most important factors seem to be the diet, physical activity, specific personality traits and faith in God. On the other hand, the diversity of patients - interviews with patients taking place in a spa, a rehabilitation centre, at home - leads to very different personal opinions and feelings. The last interview, number 6, offers a homeopathic point of view. In spite of the fact that the research sample is relatively small, the research data are very useful, even though no definite conclusions can be made. The thesis may contribute to the knowledge of health workers specializing in the treatment of Bechterew´s syndrome and to the training of physical therapists.
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Bill of exchange as a securing instrument
Brychta, Michal ; Horáček, Vít (advisor) ; Zahradníčková, Marie (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to give reader a treatise about specific use of bill of exchange as a securing instrument. The promissory note as a debtor security may take various economic life functions. Since the inception of law of exchange it was primarily the medium of payment, whereas the securing function was developed much later. Actually a relative novelty of securing function of bill of exchange leads to a wide range of issues that need to be resolved in connection with its use. In particular, it is absolutely necessary to realize that the obligation incorporated into promissory note will be regardless of its function always the obligation abstract and individual. The above mentioned abstract and individual obligation is mainly manifested in a different connection to the secured obligation, which is much more fragile than in case of use of standard securing obligations that are on the contrary characteristic by accesority and subsidiarity. In spite of the fact that the aim of the thesis is concentrated on bill of exchange as securing instrument, the first chapter is devoted to issues of law of exchange in general. Within particular subchapters there is outlined the historical development of law of exchange in our country, including the sources of current legislation. Furthermore author explains...
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Control system for manual air-condition
Přívětivý, Radek ; Slanina, Martin (referee) ; Říčný, Václav (advisor)
This semestral thesis deals with proposal two – status control system for manual air- condition. The system is implemented in digital version. Project includes detail block diagram with description its function. Detail analysis of requirements of individual functional blocks and selection of the active components are presented there. The total relative mistake of system is calculated due to relative mistakes of blocks. The work included circuit proposal of block stabilizer and digital temperature sensor.
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Design and construction of guitar multi-effects
Šindelář, Jindřich ; Kratochvíl, Tomáš (referee) ; Petržela, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis focuses on design of electronic circuit which combines several effects for electric guitar. These effects are switchable to achieve relatively wide range of sounds usable in different music genres. Each chapter of this text describes function and design process of single subcircuit. In the summary of this text are written up sound characters of effect in particular modes. Attachments contains the results of design needed to build a functional prototype of the whole circuit.
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Community trade mark and obstacles to its registration
Kačírek, Michal ; Pítra, Vladimír (referee) ; Růžička, Michal (advisor)
Resumé Community Trade Mark and Impediments to Registration Trademarks take important and still more preferred part of entrepreneur legal protection portfolio. The effects of European integration are partially visible in corresponding approximation of national trademark law of member states. The remaining barriers of cross- border undertakings in whole European Union were substantially mitigated by this new legal instrument, which grants its proprietor an exclusive right to prevent unauthorized use of the mark in trade without his consent. This diploma thesis deals with possible impediments to registration of Community trade mark. For an entrepreneur, it is crucial to know whether he may reasonably expect, that his trademark application will remain unchallenged. Therefore, the question must be raised on whether the mark is registrable as such. Since this is not the only nor the most frequent issue, the focus is made on the conflict with earlier rights as well. The systematization of this work is, to a certain extent, based on observation of respective parts of Council Regulation (EC) No. 207/2009 of 26 February 2009, dealing with absolute and relative grounds for refusal of a Community trade mark. The text also contains reference on important findings and decisions of Office for Harmonization in the...
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Relationship between practical wisdom and ethical states in Aristotle
Kudláč, Jakub ; Barabas, Marína (referee) ; Mráz, Milan (advisor)
In our text we examme the relationship between practical wisdom and ethical states in Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics. The goal of our work is to define the function of practical wisdom in ethical virtue. We gradually analyze the indiviual parts of definition of ethical virtue from EN II, 6, that is, that virtue is a state concerned with choice which holds the mean relative to us in such a way as a man of practical wisdom would define it. After the analysis of state concerned with choice and practical wisdom we arrive at the determination of practical wisdom as the source of virtuous action; only practical wisdom can be the criterion that pronounces what is bad and good; desire in itself is not capable of deliberation. Following from this a new question arises: how can practical wisdom influence the irrational part of the soul, which is the seat of desire? Practical wisdom, having no direct influence on desire, uses ethical virtue-temperance as it's intermediary. This induces in irrational desire the intention to follow practical wisdom and thus practical wisdom becomes master of desire. We see the contribution of our work firstly in defining the function of practical wisdom in Aristotelian Ethics with greater accuracy and secondly in establishing temperance as a neccessary condition of the other virtues and...
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Prague folk-tales in the second half of 19th century
Janeček, Petr ; Sochorová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Sochorová, Ludmila (referee)
Presented study analyzes local oral tradition in the second half of the 19th century with particular interest in Prague local legends, their character, genesis and function. The ca se study of Prague local legends, collected by Czech writer Popelka Biliánová, has two main goals: to analyse and classify these oral texts, and to connect their interpretation by their collector to Czech national movement, ethnic stereotypes and archeological, historical and mythological studies of the period. Prague local legends collected by Popelka Biliánová represent, unlike other prague local legends, which were heavily influenced by medieval chronicles or literary tradition, in its larger part authentic oral texts. None of the collectors of Prague local legends before and after Biliánová's period, with possible exception of Biliánová' s precessedor, historian Josef Svátek, was able to collect such authentic local folklore tradition. Biliánová' s Prague legends could be classified as a folklore genre of superstitious legends and have relatively recent origin: some derive from Catholic pious legends connected to local churches and holy places (the oldest of them stemming from the 17th and 18th century), some are quite recent individual memorates. Although Biliánová' s Prague legends were collected mainly for support of Czech...
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