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Analysis of the Physicians' Attitude in Treatment with Homeopathic Medicines in the Czech Republic
Křivská, Eva ; Marešová, Helena (advisor) ; Pokladníková, Jitka (referee)
A N A L Y S I S O F A N A T T I T U D E O F T H E D O C T O R S I N T H E C Z E C H R E P U B L I C T O W A R D T H E T R E A T M E N T W I T H H O M E O PA T H I C M E D I C I N E S Student: Křivská, E. Tutor: Marešová, H. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic Background: The degree work developped as a study of doctors' attitude to homeopathics and treatment with homeopathic medicines. I was interested in opinions of doctor specialists of different branches all over the Czech Republic. Aim: The work aim was to find out how and when doctors learnt about homeopathy, what their attitude towards homeopathy is, how much they use it, what effects it brought, and what attitude their colleagues, pharmacists and patients have. I also tried to bring the characteristics of questioned doctors. Methods: Goal-directed research among doctors of different specializations in the Czech Republic by the questionnaire method. The research took place in surgeries in fourteen regions of the Czech Republic. The questionnaire was filled in by 124 respondents. The array underwent frequency analysis. Results: From the analysis it emerges that 32 % of the doctors have a homeopathic education and 68 % don't have it. Almost 18 % of the...
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Medical staff´s awareness of emergencies in selected health care facilities
DVOŘÁK, Ladislav
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to evaluate the extent to which health care personnel from selected South Bohemia region health care facilities is prepared to emergency situation. The research has been conducted in 7 largest health care facilities in South Bohemia region at Hospital České Budějovice, Plc., Hospital Tábor, Plc., Hospital Jindřichův Hradec, Plc., Hospital Český Krumlov, Plc., Hospital Strakonice, Plc., Hospital Písek, Plc., Hospital Prachatice, Plc.. Since within these health care facilities, there are present thousands of patients on daily basis, there is, without any shadow of doubt, need for each member of health care personnel to be well informed not only about possible emergency situations but also about how general public is warned when an emergency situation takes place and also how to behave when these emergency situations happen. The theoretical framework focuses on emergency situations. It contains the definition of emergency situations as it is defined by Act 239/2000 Coll., on Integrated Rescue System, where the emergency situations are outlined and there are also mentioned the causing factors. Based on the information from Regional emergency plan there are described some emergency situations in further detail. For example these emergency situations can be floods, that are one of the most common emergency situation from the past years in South Bohemia region, emergency situations caused by radiation, conflagrations, leakage of dangerous chemical substances, disease outbreaks or terrorism, which is the threat that is to be taken more and more seriously based on current development in Europe. The theoretical framework also describes health care facilities. There is described the term of "health care facility" as defined by Act 372/2011 Coll., on Health Care Services Quality. In order to emphasize the importance of public protection in health care facilities, there is also a summary of the number of health care facilities in the Czech Republic. The next chapter of theoretical framework mentions more detailed information about individual hospitals selected for the research on health care personnel knowledgeableness. To answer the research question "How familiar is health care personnel from selected health care facilities from the area of South Bohemia region with the cause of emergency situation?" a large questionnaire study has been conducted from each of the 7 selected hospitals. The results have been evaluated and depicted using Microsoft Excel software. The statistical evaluation has been done by using ANOVA method that compared the relation between respondents' final score and individual criteria (gender, age, highest educational level within hospital where respondent worked). The results of the survey show that the average familiarity of health care personnel is capped at 72.74 %. The researcher set 80% passing limit which means that the level of familiarity is unsatisfactory. The questions category, with the lowest score (59.24%), is population protection. Since 79.5 % of respondents do not know what the warning signal "General warning" sounds like, there is a need for regular training of health care personnel on Public protection. In the areas where there are regular trainings provided by law there are significantly better results. To give an example, in the area of fire protection, there have been 74.37 % of questions answered correctly on average. Whilst this is still below the passing rate (80%), as defined by researcher, the results are significantly better when compared with other question areas, which shows that regular training increases employees´ knowledge. Other results showed the correlation between individual characteristics and overall performance. In conclusion, the health care personnel does not have satisfactory amount of information, which means that there is a need to set rules and framework for regular trainings on public protection for health care professional.
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The influence of repetitive practise of breathing exercises on trunk's shape and spinal mobility
Dolanská, Tereza ; Véle, František (advisor) ; Strnad, Pavel (referee)
The Influence of Repetitive Practise of Breathing Exercises on Trunk's Shape and Spinal Mobility Abstract This work is focused on breathing exerCises description regarding the changes of trunk's shape, spinal mobility and trunk's weight distribution into the lower extremities. The basic theme was the methodics creation available for these changes' check. Within filling the project of this work, there were suggested and peďormed original experiment using 3D kinematic record by force of Qualisys system supplemented by measurement by using 2 Kistler force plates. There were 5 probands involved in the experiment (aged 23-28years, having pain in the back). Each proband has practising the breathing exercises every day for 3 month in accordance with defined training pian. The complete kinesiological assesment of each proband is a component of the experiment. The data records were taken before and immediately after the therapy. The data evaluation was based on comparing of both measurements for every proband. The outcomes of every single proband were comparing and there were founded their shared characteristics. Resulting from the outcomes, the breathing movements practising every day for 3 month, have provable influence on the range of spinal movement and trunk's shape and it is possible to record these changes...
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Verification of the possibility of cancer therapy using bacteria Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Optimization of this therapy, the effect of agonist of signaling receptors.
SVÁČKOVÁ, Petra
Cancerous disease or cancer is a very feared disease, old as the history of mankind itself. Cancer is understood as a lifestyle disease that affects increasing number of people. Statistical surveys show that the problem is more than current and should be paid close attention to. The main objectives of this thesis are to understand the issue of tumor therapy and to verify the possibilities of using a microorganism therapy. The bachelor thesis has a theoretical and an experimental part. The findings were verified in the experimental part and the hypotheses obtained from the research paper were verified in the theoretical part. The theoretical part is focused on understanding a broad topic of cancer, reaching from the definition of what cancer is, how it arises, up to the therapy options. The second section of the theoretical part is focused on tumorous disease therapy using microorganisms. A research has been made regarding the use of bacteria for cancer treatment. Further research has shown that at natural pH the tumor cells are of a negative charge. That means that if there is a bacteria of naturally positive charge and it is applied on the place of tumor, the positively charged bacteria is bound to the negatively charged cell. After such binding an immune response of the organism is followed, fighting not only against the inflammation caused by the bacteria, but also against the tumor cells. The bacterium S. maltophilia seems to be positively charged. To confirm this hypothesis it was necessary to find a bacteria with similar features, size and ability to move like those of S. maltophilia, but charged negatively . The bacterium S. marcescens is the most convenient, also forming part of Colley´s toxin. Experiments were carried out in female mice of inbred strain C57BL/6 from Charles River Laboratories, using cell line of B16-F10 mice melanoma. The cultivation method of the bacterium S. maltophilia and S. marcescens was introduced in the phase of the in vitro experiment. In the first in vivo experiment a hypothesis was confirmed that by the intratumoral application of the vaccine with the inactivated bacterium S. maltophilia the melanoma was affected. The second in vivo experiment verified the hypothesis concerning the negative charge of the tumor cell and the positive charge of the bacterium S. maltophilia. S. marcescens was used as a control bacteria with a negative charge. The experiments monitored both, the growth and the volume of the tumor. The tumors were measured once in two days by means of caliper, which determined the size of the tumor. The volume of the tumor was calculated. Statistical analysis of data was done using Student's t-test in MS Excel program. The survival of mice was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier test in the Med Calc program. Performing the in vitro experiment the cultivation of both bacteria was introduced in the workplace. The first in vivo experiment where the bacterium S.maltophilia was used confirmed the hypotesis of the positive impact of the intratumorous application of the bacteria on the melanoma. 472 days on the 10.8.2013, after initiation of therapy - 26.4. 2012). The second in vivo experiment confirmed the hypothesis of the effect of the bacteria charge on the size of the tumor. By means of testing the bacterium S. maltophilia and S. marcescens it was confirmed that the bacterium S. maltophilia affects the reduction of the tumor growth much more than the bacterium S. marcescens. The experiments carried out in the thesis confirmed the hypothesis of the positive impact of bacteria charges on their antitumor effect in the treatment of B16-F10 melanoma.
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Music education in visually impaired students in primary education, especially at elementary schools of art
MINAŘÍKOVÁ, Mirka
The Bachelor thesis deals with the issue of music education in visually-impaired students at the first stage of elementary school. The thesis focuses on elementary art schools. The goal of the thesis has been to use a theoretical foundation in order to describe and map out the music education of visually impaired elementary art school students. The theoretical part contains three main chapters, the first of which explains the term visual impairment and lists its various categories while mentioning options for using the auditory, olfactory, and gustatory senses as compensatory senses by the visually impaired. The second chapter summarily describes the options and methods of educating visually impaired students. The third, last chapter focuses on the field of music education. The largest part deals with the music education of visually impaired students in elementary art schools. A qualitative procedure was used in the practical part of the thesis to attain its research goals. Questioning and semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. A total of 8 respondents, from the ranks of Jižní Čechy Region elementary art school presidents, vice-presidents, and teachers, have been interviewed, with all of whom having experience with teaching visually impaired students. The output of processing the results of the practical part leads to several findings. Teachers who teach visually impaired student and lack the specialized education for teaching such students have only one option for leading their students methodically-namely to stay in touch and cooperate with the teachers of the Jan Deyl Conservatory in Prague. Adopting the Braille writing system as well as theoretical basics of music education, and thereby the actual execution of music education, are both very important in allowing a visually impaired student to play a musical instrument and in opening up to them the possibility of further education in an artistic field. What matters in playing a musical instrument is correct initiation of lessons, cooperation between the teacher and the child and his/her parents, and educational rigor on part of the teacher , who must take into account the personal capabilities, options, and needs of a student. There are several ways of including visually impaired students in collective activities. The workplace application of musical skills in visually impaired students is a common, yet often complicated thing. The thesis may raise teachers? awareness of visually impaired children and the related educational options. It may also lead to deepening the topic of expanding one?s theoretical and practical knowledge.
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The Cyber Security Act and its impacts on obliged entities
Draganov, Vojtěch ; Čermák, Igor (advisor) ; Hájíček, David (referee)
The thesis looks into the act No. 181/2014 Coll. Cyber Security Act (hereinafter referred to as "CSA") and its impact on obliged entities with focus on the regional authorities of the Czech Republic. The thesis starts with introduction into the issue of the CSA and cybersecurity from the point of view of the state, subsequently it refocuses on the level of regulated organizations. The main pillar and contribution of the thesis is the CSA analysis with the aim to identify impact of the CSA in the obliged entities. Based on this analysis author designed the questionnaire survey of the CSA impact on the regional authorities. The survey relates to information security management system, kinds of burden stemmed from the CSA implementation, willingness to use funding from the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) to implement the CSA, a possibility to outsource the cybersecurity and also opinions of the county council staff about the CSA. The survey shows that in spite of a pressure on standardization stemming from legal framework, county councils differs significantly in regard to information security management systems. On the other hand, respondents agreed on positive impact of the CSA on improvement of information and the cyber security although the CSA brings significant financial and organizational load to the organization. The survey also shows that some regional authorities only start to implement cybersecurity currently. The cybersecurity evolves in the researched organization quite dynamically and it would be beneficial to repeat the impact analyses again, after first wave of the CSA implementation will be finished.
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Care allowance and its usage in providing social services
BALAŽOVIČOVÁ, Nina
The topic of this thesis is a care allowance in the region of České Budejovice. The care allowance is a benefit introduced by Law No. 108/2006 Coll., Social Services, as amended with effect from 1st January 2007. Care allowance under the Act should be used to provide the necessary care to persons who are dependent on other´s assistance. It is paid in four stages according to the degree of dependence. This is a brand new benefit, novelty is its concept, which strengthens the position of active users of social services. The care allowance is designed as a subsidy at which users can purchase such social services they voluntarily choose. Since its introduction, the care allowance faced some problems - growing number of users, leading to the growth of benefits paid, which, however, compared to the original plan does not go back into the system. This is so because users mainly in the first instance elects family or other relatives as care providers, or consider care allowance for additional house hold income and does not cover social services. The theoretical part is focused on the notion of social services, their history and development. Another section is devoted to the current law on social services. .The last section of the theoretical part deals with the care allowance explanation, its function and describe the procedure of its gaining. The aim is to find out the actual use of the allowance and user satisfaction with its amount especially after the reduction from 2011. The research used quantitative methods - Secondary data analysis and questionnaire survey, which was carried out on a representative sample of users of the care allowance in the municipality České Budejovice. Basic file for secondary data analysis and questionnaire survey were the beneficiaries of care allowance in České Budejovice. According to the Municipality of České Budejovice it was in 2011, when the research was conducted, about 4400 people. The target file for the survey is therefore 330 people. In total 340 questionnaires were answered in this research. A questionnaire survey was conducted among users in the form of open and closed questions. The questionnaire contains a total of 10 questions, 8 are closed, one question is open and one question is closed with possibility of additional response. At the beginning of the questionnaire, respondents were informed about its focus and subsequent use of this information. The aim is to find out how recipients with care allowance actually use it and their satisfaction with it specially in the first stage of the reduction since 2011. I identified the following objectives and hypotheses: Objective I.: To determine how recipients treated care allowances. Objective II.: To find out how the recipients evaluate the amount of the care allowance. Hypothesis I.: Recipients of the care allowance in I. and II. degree prefer family care. Hypothesis II.: Recipients of the care allowance in the first instance are dissatisfied with the amount. Hypotheses were based on the results of preliminary research. Hypothesis I.: It was confirmed that recipients of the care allowance in I. and II. degree prefer family care, the research showed that the users of care allowance in I. and II. level prefer caregiving family or other non-registered individual in more than 60 percents Also the hypothesis II.: It was confirmed that recipients of the care allowance in the first level are dissatisfied with the amount. The results show that although it is not a rule with increasing level of the care allowance increases also user satisfaction with its amount, there is more than 60% of dissatisfied users among users of first instance of the care.
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Issues connected with nutrition of elderly.
NOVOTNÁ, Radka
This thesis addresses the issue of nutrition of the elderly. The aim of the thesis was to explore the differences in the diets of seniors living in households and those living in retirement homes. The thesis consists of a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is divided into several chapters. In the first part terms related to the issue of aging and assessment of the demographic situation of the Czech Republic are explained. The second part focuses on the signs of aging, specifically on the physiological, psychological and social changes. Furthermore, it takes a look at energy needs in old age, types of nutrients and consequences in case of insufficient or excess amounts of nutrients. The following chapter deals with fluid intake, which is an equally important part of the diet and is often overlooked, when respecting the rules of fluid intake is of great importance to the health of each of us. The theoretical part also mentions factors that affect seniors eating habits, nutrition recommendations, the effects of bad eating, which include malnutrition, obesity, sarcopenia and osteoporosis. The last chapter focuses on retirement homes. For the practical part of the thesis a qualitative research method was chosen. The following research questions were posed: 1. What are the differences in regularity of meals of seniors living at home and in retirement homes? 2. What is the consumption of fruits and vegetables among seniors living in households and retirement homes? 3. What is the consumption of foods rich in animal fats of seniors living in households and in retirement homes? 4. What are the differences in fluid intake of seniors living in households and retirement homes? Data collection was achieved through semi - structured interviews, which were attended by seniors from the household environment and those from retirement homes. The research group consisted of 16 respondents aged 65 - 92 years. Half of the respondents live in a household and a half in a retirement home. Respondents were selected on the basis of plain (intentional) purposeful selection. The research was conducted in the Pelhřimov district. A total of 16 interviews took place.The research shows that seniors living in retirement homes have a more regular eating routine than seniors living in households. In the majority of responses they indicated that they eat 5 times a day. Also, the time intervals between meals are more regular in retirement homes. Furthermore, the interviews showed that seniors from households are more likely to consume fruit than elderly people in retirement homes, while seniors from retirement homes eat more vegetables. The results also showed that consumption of foods rich in animal fats does not differ significantly in the two groups. Both groups of respondents prefer animal fats to vegetable fats. Seniors from retirement homes tend to eat meat, while seniors in households consume more smoked meats. The research showed that the elderly living in retirement homes have a more regular fluid intake than seniors at home. Fluid intake of the elderly in nursing homes is more evenly spread throughout the day, and the total volume of fluid consumption reaches the recommended daily intake. But that is not the case of half the respondents living in households who stated that the total intake of fluids is less than 1.5 litres per day. In the discussion my findings are compared with the results and opinions of other authors who have dealt with the same issue. Then follows the conclusion of the work, which summarizes the results of my research. These results were provided to the retirement homes, which participated in the research. An informative leaflet, which is part of this thesis, was also produced and should raise awareness of seniors in the area of nutrition.
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Pragmatism and humanism in nursing
HAUSEROVÁ, Ester
?Pragmatism and Humanism in Nursing?; it is the key subject of this thesis. It is trying to analyse both philosophical trends reflecting current situation of nursing. The academic part deals with philosophy such as humanism and pragmatism, followed by phenomenology and ethics. The following part refers to assisting careers, nursing, its history and philosophy, and the nursing rights. The final issue of this academic part is dedicated to the nurse chores, difficult tasks, burnout syndrome and hygiene of mind. The empiric part is aimed at receiving and processing of information through quality and quantity research. All respondents were general nurses and nursing students. The main focus of this thesis was to find the balance scale between nursing pragmatism and humanism and view the opinion of nurse while bringing those philosophical opinions into practice. Regarding to the results of this thesis it is obvious that there is a space for both of these philosophical trends though it is not particularly easy to mark which of these trends may currently prevail. At the same time there is not a clear opinion of participating nurses about bringing these trends into use. It proves that the exploitation of humanism and pragmatism elements is quite individual regarding the time and circumstances. Hypothesis and questions of research are evaluated within the final chapters. The results of this thesis reflect the constant problems which are generally recognised by both the nurses and the students of the nursing. Among the main problems of nurses are too much work and the lack of time. The last part of this thesis contains the attachments, which are related to the empiric part (such as questionnaires and question topics) and they present an idea of thematic supervisory plan, which would be aimed at solving the current problematic situation of a nursing practice.
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Comparison of nursing care about patients with peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis
JANOUŠKOVÁ, Jaroslava
The number of patients with kidney disease is increasing worldwide. Such diseases include chronic kidney failure that needs dialysis treatment. Problems associated with providing nursing care to patients in a dialysis program are extensive and specific. Starting the treatment with a peritoneal dialysis or a haemodialysis causes a great psychological burden to patients. It noticeably affects not only patients' lives but also lives of their family and friends. Patients in the regular dialysis program are facing many health and social problems. Mutual trust between a nurse and a patient on dialysis to a certain extent influences the course of the treatment. Balanced and satisfied patient can live a better and more valuable life. The goals of the thesis: 1) To determine whether a comparably high quality nursing care is provided to patients with haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis 2) To determine whether the approach to the provision of nursing care to the patients with haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis is comparable. 3) To determine whether comparable forms of education and communication are used in providing nursing care for the patients with haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Research questions: 1) Is the nursing care provided to the patients with haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis of comparable quality? 2) A the approach to the provision of nursing care for patients with haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis comparable? 3) Are comparable forms of education and communication used in providing nursing care for the patients with haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis? Methods used: In the empirical part of the thesis a qualitative research was used to process data. The research was conducted through a non-standardized interview. Three sets of questions were created for the three groups of respondents, i.e. the respondents with peritoneal dialysis, respondents with haemodialysis and nurses who take care of patients with haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. The criterion for the selection of respondents was their willingness to cooperate. The nature and purpose of the research was explained to the addressed respondents. From the interviews with patients it was determined how they perceive the provided nursing care, the nurses' approach, and the way of interaction during haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Interviews with nurses were focused on comparability and demands of nursing care for patients with haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, as well as on the used forms of communication and the way how to approach these patients. Results: The results of the research show that the care provided to patients with peritoneal dialysis as well as with haemodialysis is perceived by the responding patients with peritoneal dialysis, with haemodialysis and nurses as of the same quality. Peritoneal dialysis and haemodialysis each have their specificities and a different way of execution. Both are provided in differing environments. Peritoneal dialysis is done by the patient himself in their own social environment. During haemodialysis, nursing care is provided to the patient by nurses in a haemodialysis centre. As comparable is perceived by all respondents the nurses' approach to the patients, i.e. to each patient individually. In conclusion, the results imply that nurses during the contact with the patients with peritoneal dialysis and with haemodialysis use comparable forms of communication and education. Conclusion: At the present time there is an attempt to perform dialysis treatment to benefit the patient as much as possible. Peritoneal dialysis and haemodialysis are considered as equivalent substitute for renal function. They differ only in the principle and the method of executing. Nursing care provided to patients with peritoneal dialysis and with haemodialysis is perceived by the respondents as of comparable quality. The results of this thesis can be the basis for further research.
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