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Význam biologicky aktivních látek ve funkčních potravinách
Tomášková, Lenka
We live in tough times. We experiencing high fyzical and psychical pressure whitch corrupting our healthy livestyle. This restriction takes its toll in the form of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes mellitus or obesity. That's why I decided to concentrate my bachelor thesis to healthy nutrition in the form of functional foods. I belive that conclusions of this thesis can show the way to people whos looking for healthy life. Literary part of this work is focused to functional foods, their general characteristics and the main representatives. Furthermore, the importance of biologically active substances contained in them. I pay attention only few of them because huge range of this topic. From the group of antioxidants for example vitamin E and vitamin C and from the micronutrients selenium and carotenoids. I also examine fiber becouse of high incidence of colorectal cancer disease in the Czech Republic. The experimental part of my work is focused on phytoestrogens, their structure, content in foods and effects on human health. I'm extracting phytoestrogens using the high-performance liquid chromatography in the scope of the experiments of various plant materials.
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Reprodukční potenciál dubu šípáku (Quercus pubescens Willd.) a možnosti jeho záměrného rozšiřování do okolí PP Kavky
Machalová, Jana
Large areas of steppe vegetation on the southern slope of the hill Hady were before the start of limestone mining one of the most valuable botanical area around Brno. Protected area Kavky as a remnant of this rare natural phenomena today grows over with shrubs and rapidly expanding - protected species Downy oak Quercus pubescens. Therefore, the goal of the work was to investigate the ability of reproduction Downy oak and based on the analysis of a given territory propose locality that would be most suitable for its spread. Subsequently, there was suggested method of implementationby performing experimental planting and other observations. The work confirmed that despite the fact that Downy oaks does not produce every year so abundant amount of seeds, are able to sufficiently spread naturally. This, however, only if it does not prevent them from doing any biotic or abiotic impact. Best locations for spreading oak seems shelf quarry or other quarries. It is necessary to help Dawny oak to get into the quarry. The recommended way of spreading taxon for such an extreme habitat type as a former limestone quarry, is sowing seeds into the hole, cover with soil and mulch. In the way of planting is appropriate to use a one-year seedlings.
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CDU - Conservative Party? Analysis of the debate on CDU's policies and idea program
Pešeková, Mária ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Kučera, Rudolf (referee)
Diploma thesis CDU Conservative Party? Analysis of the debate on CDU's policies and idea program deals with Christian Democratic Union as a catch-all party and with its currently idea course since the leading by Angela Merkel. The thesis analyses the history of CDU and their position in the German party system. This topic is focused in the last part where the relation between CDU and church, as a traditional partner, is described as well the questions connected with bioethics, family policy, integration of immigrants, national identity, cancelling of military duty and energy (power plant) policy. CDU after melting of catholic milieu meets problems which are concluded from the society secularization and therefore with decreasing of voters support. The liberalization tendency in the society affects also the CDU party which follows this trend and leaves the originally ideas. This program change and drifting the party to the left of the centre of political spectrum causes some movement critical to CDU, initiated by actual as well former party members. According them the party lost the conservative identity and leaves one of the pillars of the own policy which is formally declared. This creates an insoluble situation in which the traditional voters are not satisfied, on the other hand the party is not...
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Use of NMR in structural analysis of natural products
Dohnalová, Hana ; Špulák, Marcel (referee) ; Kuneš, Jiří (advisor)
This Diploma work is dedicated to the determination of the structure of unknown substances. A large number of alkaloids was isolated from an Eschscholtzia Californica plant (Papaveraceae) at the Department of Pharmaceutical Botanic and Ecology of the Pharmaceutical Faculty in Hradec Králové. Some of them were passed to the Laboratory of the structure and interaction of the biological aktive molecules along with the request for the structure analysis.The main object of this Diploma work was the identification of three of unknown subjects by the help of NMR analysis. The structures of unknown substances were identified on the basis of the NMR experiments (1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, DEPT, ghmqc, ghsqc, ghmqfcops a dpfgnoe). These structures were confirmed based on the comparison with the data provided in the subject publications. Now identified substances belong to isochinoline alkaloids. Namely, it is scoulerine and retikuline. The third substance was not specified in the subject publication.
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Animals in the looking glasses of Europe and India. The changing bonds between humans and animals in the course of the 19th and 20th century
Nováková, Hana ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Marková, Dagmar (referee) ; Cílek, Václav (referee)
This paper deals with various aspects of human- animal relationship: biological, psychological and sociological; but also with the fact how deep and thorough impact can political events have on the paradigma pointed towards animals. Here, these are depicted on significant fields of human - animal interactions of modern times, for example zoological gardens, petkeeping, changing ways of hunting, and also within some more obscure phenomena, such as animal abuse in laboratory research and in "meat plants". I also try to trace the roots of the approach that people of modern time Europe perform towards animals, and I do the same for India. The writing is divided into two parts, each one containing four chapters. The part No. I. - The man and the animal in Euro-American cultural context - describes the turbulent changes the human - animal relationship underwent during the era of Enlightenment, and tries to explain why it was so. Animals have enjoyed a widespread interest since times immemorial, but have hardly ever been perceived from the tabula rasa point of view. On the contrary, they have often been seen through the prisma of human sociology, serving as the immense field of manifold human projections. As such, they have figured in copious kinds of modern "myths", being it myths of ritual or otherwise "fictive"...
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In the name of family and work: Eduard Bazika's memoirs and their interpretation
Chalupová, Alice ; Randák, Jan (referee) ; Hlavačka, Milan (advisor)
Eduard (Edvard) Bazika was born on 19. 9. 1830 at Olešná near Rakovník. During his lifetime he was a well-known builder of railways, a specialist writer and external examiner at the Czech Technical University. He has bequeathed to us his comprehensive memoirs, which unveil the origins and formation of the Czech technical intelligentsia with their public and private opinions. Martin Bazika's father (1794-1864) was a castle gardener. In order to provide a good standard of living for his large family he moved with his wife and four children from Olešná to nearby Krušovice in 1837. In ducal service, he became famous especially as a grower of fruit trees and ornamental plants. He made it possible for all his sons to gain a vocational education. Yet, it was only his son Eduard who attained a higher technical education. He attended the main and lower secondary school between 1840-1844 at Rakovník and the upper secondary and the Prague Estates' Polytechnics between 1845 and 1849. He was actively involved in the Revolution of 1848 in the ranks of the Student Legion. Yet, he merely observed the All Saints' Day struggles from the countryside, as his parents had requested his return to Krušovice. In 1849 he successfully completed his technical studies. For a short period he worked in the Křivoklátsko area for the...
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Possibilities of identification of flavonoids in environmental matrixes
Magdechová, Andrea ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
Inherent part of plants are active substances; flavonoids belong to this group. They are used in medicine, cosmetics and they shloud be a part of our diet because of their positive effects. This bachelor thesis is focused on the identification of flavonoids in selected types of coniferous trees and moss. Pines, firs and spruces were selected as the representants of coniferous trees, together with mosses Polytrichum formosum and Rhytidiadelphus subpinnatus. Flavonoids were isolated using liquid-liquid extraction and identified using thin layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography.
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The rutin content in amaranth (Amaranthus sp.)
BERANOVÁ, Kristina
This work was aimed to the determination of the flavonoids of rutin in the leaves, stems and seeds of different kinds and species of amarant. Rutin is a phenolic substance, which belongs to big group of secondary plant metabolites. Most recently lot of attention is paid to quercetin and its glycoside {--} rutin because of its demonstrable positive effect on the human organism, mainly the antioxidant effects which prevents the atherosclerotic plaque and preroxidation of lipids and antiviral activities. The research orients to its potential anti-carcinogen activities. Thanks to these properties it became a common part of the human daily diet. Amarant could be a beneficial source of these substances. Content of rutin was determined by the micelar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC) in the group of seven genotypes of amaranth. For the analysis a samples of leaves, stems and seeds were used, because of its high contents of flavonoids. The highest content of rutin was found in the leaves of the species A. cruentus {--} genotype Olpir (27 400 mg/kg of dry matter) and the lowest in the seeds of A. cruentus {--} genotype Monatana (25,3 mg/kg of dry matter). Results of this research are unique as they were never published before.
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Trends and contexts of development of the energy sector
Novotná, Petra ; Czesaný, Slavoj (advisor) ; Munzi, Tomáš (referee)
The world is nowadays dependent on energies, which become scarcer and scarcer. Petroleum reserves are shrinking and it is necessary to find new suitable substitutes. Energy consumption is increasing and energy crises are threatening the whole world. This caused price increased of all energies. Prices and consumption can decrease because of economic crisis, however when recession is over prices of energies are likely to grow again. Economic crisis can cause energy sources are predominantly located in politically unstable countries and other countries are dependent on them. National strategies on energy sector are therefore crucial. The Czech Republic with other countries consumes more energy than actually needed. Savings on energies are becoming more important. The production and consumption of energies have harmful by-products polluting the environment which is not desirable. Renewable resources are much less harmful to the environment but their consumption is still limited. Big potential could be also in nuclear energy and coal power plants with new technologies. The goal of this paper is to analyse individual indicators of energy sector of the Czech Republic and compare it internationally, set the strengths and weaknesses of this sector.
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The role of transport systems for potassium cations in the physiology of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast
Marešová, Lydie ; Sychrová, Hana (advisor) ; Pácha, Jiří (referee) ; Janderová, Blanka (referee)
[n this work, we present the characteristics of kha 1 6,. strains in the background of various multiple mutations in genes encoding alkali-metal-cation transporters. Two main phenotype manifestations of the khal deletion were growth defect on high externa\ pH and hygromycin sensitivity. The correlation between these phenotypes and the kha 1 deletion was confirmed by plasmid complementation. Fluorescence microscopy of GFP-tagged Kha 1 p showed that this antiporter is localized preferentially intracellu\arly (in contrast to the plasma-membrane Na+/H+ antiporter Nha 1 p). Based on these findings, Kha 1 p is probably not localized in plasma membrane and do es not mediate efflux of alkali metal cations from cells (as published before in RammÍrez el aJ., 1998), but is important for the regulation of intracelular cation homeostasis and optima\ pH contro l, similarly as the Nhx l p. The khal deletion phenotypes were complemented by heterologous expression of a plant antiporter AtChx 17, showing that the proteins AfChx 17 and SeKhal could have similar ťunction and that S cerevisiae khal deletion mutants could serve for heterologous expression and characterization of some plant transporters in yeast, especially those localized intracellularly. We also showed that the presence of the Tokl channel strongly infl uences...
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