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The perception of dying and death
ROŽNOVSKÁ, Kateřina
The thesis describes the perception of dying and death among Werich family members, who were clients of Home hospice Tabita. The study is accompanied by an interview with Mr. Werich that took care of his dying wife. The observation has been performed by myself as an employee of Home Hospice Tabita. Facts obtained from the interview are supported by expert literature and my own participant observation. The study demonstrates what the dying families have in common, but also shows the specifics of individual cases. Although the hospice is based on Christian principles, it may profesionally and efectively work with non-Christian family members as well.
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The Nurse{\crq}s Role in Relieving Pain in Patients Suffering from Coxoarthrosis.
JANÍKOVÁ, Radka
The objective of the paper is to underscore the nurse{\crq}s role in this problem area, and the importance of the nurse{\crq}s ability to familiarize patients with the side effects of medication and offer them alternative methods of pain relief. At present, we are briefed on the anatomy and physiology of the hip joint, describe the problems arising from coxoarthrosis and the treatment thereof. We focus on the patient and on the nurse{\crq}s role in taking care of such patients with particular emphasis of alleviating these patients` pain. Five goals were set out for us: Mapping ways of finding information about patients with coxoarthrosis. Mapping information that is available to patients with coxoarthrosis in the area of pain relief. Mapping the role that a nurse can play in relieving the patient{\crq}s pain from the patient{\crq}s perspective. Creation of educational material for patients with coxoarthrosis. Application of educational material for patients with coxoarthrosis. We have set out research issues before ourselves: How do patients obtain relevant information? What information is available to patients with coxoarthrosis in the area of pain relief? What role can a nurse play in relieving the patient{\crq}s pain, from the perspective of patients with coxoarthrosis? Do patients with coxoarthrosis use and benefit from educational material about pain relief? In order to attain our goals, we conducted qualitative research. Using a data collection technique, we opened a non-standardized dialogue with 10 patients suffering from coxoarthrosis waiting for total hip replacement and coming for checkups to the orthopedic outpatient clinic in Třebíč. Initially, a discussion was held with each respondent, followed by educational enlightenment, handing out of educational material, whereupon a second discussion was held that was simultaneously used as feedback. Our research investigation answered certain question marks that we formulated into hypotheses and one answer. Analysis of the results led to the following hypotheses. Hypothesis 1: Educational process has effect on the way of finding information on relieving pain in patients with coxoarthrosis. Hypothesis 2: Education focused on relieving pain in patients with coxoarthrosis has a positive effect patients{\crq} knowledge. Hypothesis 3: Patients with coxoarthrosis view the role of nurses as providers of information on pain relief. Analysis of the results helped us formulate the answer to research question 4, as follows: Answer 1: Patients use educational material for pain relief and use the skills acquired through education. However, they still prefer personal contact with the nurse to acquiring information from educational material. The results of our research indicate that the role of a nurse as educationalist and information provider, as well as actual educational are quite necessary. It is, however, important to remember that education is a process that is constantly developing and adjusting it to the needs of the educated subject is therefore very important. The lesson to learn from this paper for clinical practice and for work in medical and social fields is that the role of nurses as educationalists and information providers is as substantial as educational enlightenment in the area of pain relief in patients with coxoarthrosis. Presumed application of this paper in practice as part of educational material on pain relief in patients suffering from hip joint arthrosis with coxoarthrosis.
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Non-pharmacological pain affecting methods during a childbirth and their use.
NOVOTNÁ, Eliška
Non-pharmacologic methods of influencing pains in the course of delivery and their use Non-pharmacological methods of influencing pains during delivery are such methods in which no medical substance is used. Recently, delivery is claimed not to be entirely safe without medical assistance. Healthy women bear pains of a physiological delivery well, and for that reason it is not necessary to alleviate them artificially. It is sufficient to encourage the woman in labour and create a friendly environment. It is the birth pains that expectant mothers are afraid of, and that is why it is necessary to inform expectant mothers about ways of alleviating birth pains in antenatal courses as well as in the delivery room. Midwives and physicians should offer and provide expectant mothers with non-pharmacological methods of influencing pains during delivery, meet their wishes and requirements concerning pain management and the course of delivery. To obtain information for my thesis, I used a combination of the quantitative and qualitative investigation by means of a questionnaire and conversation. The collection of data was conducted in the District Hospital in Příbram, a.s. The questionnaire was intended for clients after a vaginal delivery in the confinement department. The questionnaire was anonymous and consisted of 26 closed and half-open questions. The semi-structured conversation was conducted with five midwives of the delivery room and contained 30 questions. The questions were open. I set up three objectives, two hypotheses and two research questions in my Bachelor{\crq}s thesis. It has resulted from the survey that all objectives have been fulfilled, both hypotheses confirmed and research answered. This bachelor{\crq}s thesis could be beneficial for medical staffs and the management of the delivery room of the District Hospital in Příbram, a.s., for the orientation in which non-pharmacological methods of influencing pains during delivery expectant mothers are interested, further for enlarging the knowledge of medical staffs non-pharmacological methods of influencing pains during delivery. This bachelor{\crq}s thesis can also be beneficial for medical students of delivery assistance interested in non-pharmacological methods of influencing pains during delivery. Nowadays there is increasing interest in non-pharmacological methods of influencing pains, and therefore it is suitable to make them available. Nowadays, expectant mothers have a possibility of choice how to alleviate delivery pains, and thus keep only pleasant recollections of the delivery. Mothers should leave the delivery room with their babies with the feeling of good care and helpful and empathic staff.
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Physiotherapy in radicular syndromes of lower limbs
TATEROVÁ, Tereza
The subject of the baccalaureate thesis is radicular syndromes physiotherapy at lower extremities. It is a disorder that forms because of spinal radix comression and it happens for different reasons. The disorder has a typical localization of clinical symptoms according to the affected nerve radix. Dorsodynia and shooting pain into accessory limb that relates to hypokinesia is typical. The objective of the first part of thesis was to make an educational material about problems around radicular syndromes at lower extremities. In the theoretical part, information from the anatomy area, epidemiology and disorder etiology are presented, also clinical symptoms, examination procedures and possibilities of therapy, especially physiotherapy are included. The aim of the research part was to evaluate the effects of therapy from the view of the subjective patient's feelings. The survey mainly includes changes of hurtfulness, agility and sensation after the completion of therapy. In the applied part of the thesis a qualitative research strategy is used. As for the factual techniques, observation, discussion, special examination methods and, secondarily, data analysis, were used. The research took place at ambulatory physiotherapy ward at Milevsko health centre. In the file, there are results of two patients who were tested and the results are processed in the form of semiographies. They include clinical history, entry kinesiology analysis, therapy description, output kinesiology analysis and concluding assessment. At both cases both patients felt the pain reduced, agility was better and they were instructed. The thesis can be used as a source of information for general public and for other students.
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Nursing care of patients with systemic connective tissue disease - lupus erythematosus
KAAS, Jiří
Lupus erythematosus is a chronic disease that is classified as a systemic or diffuse connective tissue disease. This is an autoimmune inflammatory disease which may affect virtually any organ of the human body. The nature of the disease lies in the increased activity of B cells that produce organ-nonspecific autoantibodies reacting with various structures of cell nuclei. The most frequently affected organs are the joints, skin, heart, kidneys and the central nervous system. The disease is accompanied by a number of clinical manifestations such as fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, increased body temperature and other symptoms. For the nurse standing at the bedside of a patient with this disease, the knowledge of different manifestations of the disease and the readiness to provide highly individualized nursing care is important. The aim of this thesis is to determine the specifics of nursing care and the most frequent nursing problems of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The empiric part of the thesis was conducted through the qualitative research. The data collection technique was a semi-structured interview, which was practically carried out with ten patients from the South Bohemian and Pilsen regions. Interviews with individual respondents were integrated into case studies. The most interesting data were represented in the form of categorized tables. The results of the research have proved a wide spectrum of patients´ problems and have shown that the disease does not affect only the patients´ physical aspects, but it significantly affects both the psychic and social aspects. Based on the results of the work, a booklet that can be used as an educational or informational material for students of medical disciplines and also for qualified nurses, was created. The booklet is supposed to provide a comprehensive view on patients suffering from this disease.
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