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Morphological analysis of the tapeworms eggs of the order Diphyllobothriidea
LEŠTINOVÁ, Kateřina
The order Diphyllobothriidea is a unique group of tapeworms in terms of the wide spectrum of definitive hosts involving all groups of tetrapods including man. They are almost globally distributed in both freshwater and marine ecosystems, but there are also terrestrial species. It is very difficult to identify species of diphyllobothriid cestodes to the species level. Morphology of the eggs might represent a new method in the differential diagnosis of these parasites. Besides the size and shape of the eggs, the structure of egg surface might play a significant role in the determination of different taxa. For the analysis of these characteristics Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used. Experimental infections in hamsters and man were done.
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Manipulation hypothesis: critical review of published works on parasitic invertebrates
TRÁVNÍČKOVÁ, Jana
The manipulation hypothesis has attracted many researchers, and at present it seems to be documented fora wide range of parasites. However, in the last thirty years, numerous parasites have been revealed that, in fact, cannot manipulated with their host morphology, behaviour, and/or habitat preference, unlike conclusions of the previous studies. The major purpose of this study is to test critically the plausibility of the hypothesis about parasitic manipulation, based on metaanalysis of 55 papers concerning four helminth taxa, namely, Acanthocephala, Cestoda, Trematoda, and Nematomorpha.
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Tapeworms of family Gryporhynchidae from Africa
HAASOVÁ, Ivana
Morphological-taxonomical study of gryporhynchid cestodes from Africa is presented. New material from Kenya, Senegal and Sudan was studied and we belong to 17 species in 8 orders - Amirthalingamia macracantha (Joyeux et Baer, 1935) Bray, 1974; Anomotaenia riccii (Fuhrmann et Baer, 1943) Baer et Bona, 1960; Cyclustera magna (Baer, 1959) Bona, 1975; Cyclustera sp.; Dendrouterina macrosphincter (Fuhrmann, 1909) Baer et Bona, 1960; Neogryporhynchus sp.; Paradilepis lloydi (Southwell, 1926) Spasski, 1954; Paradilepis maleki (Khalil, 1961); Paradilepis urceina Bona, 1975; Paradilepis urceus (Wedl, 1855) Joyeux et Baer, 1950; Parvitaenia macrocoleo Bona, 1975; Parvitaenia macropeos (Wedl, 1855) Baer et Bona, 1960; Parvitaenia megascolecina Bona, 1975; Parvitaenia purpurea Johri, 1959; Parvitaenia samfyia Mettrick, 1967; Valipora ardeolae (Singh, 1952) Baer et Bona, 1960 and Valipora mutabilis (Linton, 1927). Known larval stages and adults from Africa are presented in review of species.
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Test of medicaments perspective for exploitment at the fishing profession
SCHEINER, Pavel
The aim of the study was to assess the effects of orally applied praziquantel on the treatment efficacy against most abundant tapeworms (Atractolytocestus huronensis Anthony, 1958 and Khawia sinensis Hsü, 1935) of common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus). Naturally infected fish (one-year-old; K1+) were divided into 3 trial groups containing 17 specimens and administered with praziquantel mixed in heat-treated amyloid vehicle (in doses of 50 mg.kg-1 body weight). In 3 groups of control, the fish were administered amyloid vehicle only. Fish were examined by using of gut dissection 2, 4 and 6 days after administration. At 48 hours post-treatment, significantly lower prevalence of both parasites was found. The invasion of A.huronensis was fully eliminated in all fish after 96 hours whereas some specimens of K.sinensis still persisted in the gut of few fish. The full elimination of both parasites was observed 6 days after administration. Our results showed that elimination of K. sinensis takes longer than elimination of A.huronensis. The dose of 50 mg kg-1 of orally applied praziquantel is effectual to control A.huronensis and K sinensis infections in common carp successfully. The effect of oral applied praziquantel on the hematology and biochemical parameters blood of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), infected by the tapeworms Atractolytocestus huronensis and Khawia sinensis was the object of analyse. It was the partial goal of the work. The infected fishes were divided to the six groups. The praziquantel was applied stirred in amyloid vehicle in dose 30 mg/kg of quick materiality for two groups and for two to other groups in dose 50mg/kg of quick materiality. Only clean amyloid vehiculum was applied to two control groups. Blood taking and resulting patoanatomic investigation was effected 24 and 96 hours after application of praziquantel. Results of hematology investigation of blood obtained 24 hours after the application point on significant fall (p< 0,01) of the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit in both groups E1 and E3, which achieved the original surface after 96 hours. The significant upsurge (p<0,05) of the surface serum hepatic enzyme ALT was recorded after 96 hours.
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