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Influence of chosen effects on efficiency of beef breeds
WITZANY, Jiří
Influence of chosen effects on efficiency of beef breeds Aberdeen Angus, Charolais, Limousine and meat-type Siemental, which were breeded in South Bohemia, was observed in this study. Impact of breed on average weight of calves in different ages, calving month and the serial number of the birth, influence of father´s relative breeding value, dependence of average age of pure bred female on reason of elimination and effect of stocking rate of a pasture on daily weight gain were evaluated.
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Vliv vegetačního stadia na chemické složení a výživnou hodnotu nadzemní části safloru (Světlice barvířské)
Floková, Lenka
This thesis is focused on growing and nutritional value of safflower. It describes the botanical charakteristics, utilization and disease of safflower. There is also indicated growing technology, including environmental requirements, sowing soil preparation, seeding, harvesting and plant nutrition and protection. The thesis focuses especially on nutritional value of safflower and its using as feed for livestock or food for human nutrition. In my own observation was carried out experimental monitoring and sampling of safflower in various stages of vegetation. The observation was made out on individual parts of plants.
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Vliv vegetační stupňovitosti na složení taxocenóz modelové skupiny pisivek (Insecta: Psocoptera) v oblasti Králického Sněžníku
Gol, Jiří
The species of Psocoptera order were studied in selected vegetation zones in the Kralicky Sneznik Mountains on the total are of 19 plots. Localities are situated from the zonal 4th (Fageta s.lat.) to 9th (Pineta mugi s.lat.) vegetation zone and the collection of the Psocoptera species was carried out during the growing seasons of 2010 - 2013. In the interest area were caught a total number of 3352 Psocoptera imagoes. On the whole 21 of species was discovered, which is 16,4 % of total known Psocoptera species in the Czech Republic. From the 4th to 9th vegetation zone (VZ), for trees and forest types were dominance of species evaluated. In the 5th VZ was characteristic species combination Caecilius despaxi -- C. flavidus -- Enderleinella obsoleta discovered. In the 6th VZ Caecilius burmeisteri -- C. despaxi -- C. flavidus. In the 7th VZ Caecilius despaxi -- C. piceus -- Philotarsus picicornis -- Stenopsocus lachlani and in the 8th VZ was discovered charakteristic species combination Amphigerontia bifasciata -- Caecilius despaxi -- Philotarsus picicornis -- Stenopsocus lachlani.
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Vliv povrchů jízdáren na kopyto koně
Farová, Hana
This bacherol thesis is focused on the surfaces stables and their impact on the horse's hooves. The first part deals with the anatomy and physiology of the hooves. There are described important parts of the hooves. Bones, tendons and ligaments. The internal structure of the hooves, which deals with blood supply and innervation. Part of the thesis is devoted to factors acting on the hooves in the different seasons. It describes the factors affecting end of the steps, sensitive of the feet, suitable treatments for the horse's hooves and genetic influences. The next part deals with various surfaces used by the riding halls and their properties. There are described surfaces used in modern equestrian areas. There are mentioned also requirements equestrian disciplines that are specific to each equestrian industry. The conclusion is devoted to practical knowledge of blacksmiths.
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Structure and function of chloroplasts in selected woody plants grown under increased CO2 concentration
Hlízová, Eliška ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Kutík, Jaromír (referee)
The effect of elevated CO2 concentration (EC CO2) on photosynthesis has been observed on many hierarchical levels. There was a significant increase in the rate of photosynthesis of examined trees observed in previous studies thus I hypothesised these changes are accompanied by changes of chloroplast ultrastructure and photosystem content and function and the main aim of this study is to evaluate these adjustments. In this study 13 - 14 years old seedlings of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) grown in glass domes with adjustable windows - one with ambient CO2 concentration as a control, the other one with simulated EC CO2 (700 ppm) - during the vegetative season were examined. Pigment content, fluorescence and reflectance indexes, activity of photosystem 1 (PS1) and 2 (PS 2) of isolated chloroplasts, size of cross-sectional area of chloroplast and proportion of stromal to granal thylakoids under EC CO2 treatment were investigated. Although there was a significant increase in the maximum rate of photosynthetic assimilation of trees from EC CO2 (observed by other researchers of our team), decreased chlorophyll and carotenoid content as well as the activity of both photosystems were observed, which is usually atributed to photosynthetic acclimation. As the rate of decrease of photosystem 1 and photosystem 2...
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Vliv nadregionálního biocentra Rasuveň na přirozenou obnovu a další vývoj okolních kulturních převážně smrkových porostů
Brabec, Pavel
The aim of this thesis was to determined the effect of supra-regional biocentre Rasuveň to the surrounding predominantly spruce vegetation in terms of regeneration and distance to which biocentre influence surrounding vegetation. From the results was found that the average density of beech regeneration in the surrounding vegetation was about 7,000 pieces / ha. It was monitored by using transects. And at the core of biocentre was around 19,000 pcs / ha. There was detected by using density plots. Effect of biocentre has been proved to a distance about 130 metres and density of regeneration corresponding to the minimum ha quantity for beech was appearing in a distance about 30 m from biocentre. These three following options were selected for the expansion of beech from biocentre to the surrounding spruce vegetation. Option 1 -- Carry out with min. quantity of MZD, Option 2 -- Mixed vegetation and Option 3 -- Expansion of biocentre + option 2 in the surrounding vegetation.
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Vliv exogenní fytázy na stravitelnost fytátového fosforu u slepic
Lundová, Zuzana
The task of my thesis was to investigate the influence of the exogenous phytase on phytate phosphorus retention. The work describes the importance of phosphotus, its digestion and absorption, phosphorus sources, what the need for phosphorus is and what it affects, and its division phosphorus digestibility and the phytase is described in the conclusion. Phytase is added because of poorer utilization of phosphorus from vegetable feed for poultry. The supplement of phytase significantly increases the utilization of phosphorus. In the case of lack of phosphorus or its excess various diseases can develop, and moreover the level of phosphorus affects other minerals in the body. That's why the standards of nutrient requirements for poultry are processed. The function of phosphorus is closely related to calcium, therefore it is important to keep their proportion in the feed balanced. The effects of adding phytase on the use, storage and excretion of phosphorus were monitored through the collection and analysis of droppings and the collection and assessment of the quality of the eggs. In the droppings was monitored how much phosphorus was not used, and in egg's case was monitored the quality egg shell, which also affects the economics of egg production.
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Vliv buřeně a zvěře na odrůstání kultur douglasky tisolisté
Urban, Martin
The aim of this thesis was to discover the influence of weed and animals on growth of douglas fir cultures at the management-plan area Jindřichův Hradec. Two research areas with weed (Rubus idaeus (L.) and Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth) were founded in 2011 at SLT 4K and 5S. Growth reactions of douglas fir were monitored on these areas, being it areas with weed left without any intervention during the whole vegetation period or areas with regular full-area weed cutting. The following criteria were evaluated: shoot height, root crown thinkness, growth, height of forked tree sprout, crown height, trunk undulation, branching regularity, number of branches, needle length and trunk shape, soil moisture, chemical composition of the assimilation apparatus and the impact of sunshine. Altogether 512 pieces of douglas fir plants were measured. The results show that douglas fir demonstrated higher height growths every year in areas without cutting than in areas with full-scale cutting, Root crown thickness at SLT 4K was also bigger in the areas with weed. On the contrary, cutting proved to have positive effect at SLT 5S and the root crown thickness was slightly higher here. Two areas, where the influence of animals was simulated, were chosen to find out what the impact of animals on douflas fir cultures growth is. 90 plants were measured in each area and terminal bud damage, terminal shoot damage and side branches damage were compared. A control group of 10 plants, that was left without any intervention, was chosen for comparison. Subsequently their regeneration was evaluated. From the results from measured values follows that douglas plants react to damage by animals with higher height growths which balance the growth length of not-damaged plants. Damage did not even significantly influenced the trunk shape, when all types of damages managed to maintain continuous trunk for minimum of 90 percent of plants in both stands.
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Nutrition as primary prevention of preschool children
HLÍZOVÁ, Veronika
The subject of my bachelor project is following: "Nutrition as primary prevention of preschool children". Nutrition, as an important determinant of health, influence the state of health of the organism significantly. On one hand, it could be the nourishment what can cause a negative impact on our health and support an emergence of variety of diseases, primarily those with noninfectious origin. On the other hand, nutrition could act as a prevention for all of these diseases (1). The most unpropitious result of these diseases belongs to cardiovascular and tumorous illnesses, which are the most common cause of death in the Czech Republic. These already mentioned diseases are not typical for preschool children, however, the cruicial factor is that the appeal to nourishment as a primary prevention since this age could decreased the prevalence of these diseases in posterior age (2). Childhood is the time when all habits, and especially eating habits, are learned, when bone tissue is founded, and the organism is intesively growing, which is important because it ifluence the state of health not only in childhood, but certainly in adulthood (3). Nourishment is related to development of illnesses so typical for childhood. The example is obesity; its prevalence constantly increases hand to hand with a risk of development of other very serious diseases, such as above mentioned cardiovascular illnesses or Diabetes Mellitus II. (4). This paper is devided to a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part, firstly, there are explained several basic terms regarding to the main theme of this paper. Forth, it devote to the overall energy intake and also to specific macronutrients and micronutrients including their recommended daily dose for preschool children and the risks threatening when a deficit or an abundance of these nutrients occure. Next chapters deal with individual parts of food pyramid and with a composition of single dishes consumed during the day. Included are also informations about drinking regime and the negative impact of sweetened drinks on health of the organism. The penultimate part decribes an influence of family on children's nourishment because it is the parents who plays the major part on their children's eating habits (5). The last area, included in the theoretical part, deals with problems of diseases based on faulty diet occuring in preschool- aged children. The practical part deals with a qualitative research. The goal of my research was to map out the eating habits by preschool children. The following questions were chosen: 1. What informations about priciples of healthy eating have mothers of the surveyed file? 2. What foodstuff, in view of racional children nourishment, do the children consume? 3. What is the eating regime of this surveyed file in comparison to principles of healthy nourishment? The data collection was done by a form of semistructured interviews; these were realized with mothers of preschool children attending a kindergarten in Kaplice. In total, 14 interviews were performed. The realized interviews were transcribed in to a written form and then coded and categorized with a method called "paper and pencil." From results ensue that the majority of mothers has correct but only superficial informations about healthy nourishment. In view of individual groceries in children's nutrition, white pastry prevail and in contrary, there is a lack of vegetable and fishes. Sweetened drinks are consumed only sporadicaly but sweets and candies are eaten every day by a majority of surveyed children. Frequency of consuming is correct by a majority, but the problem is in an inadequate interval between the last meal and sleeping. There is also a failure in composition of few of the dishes. The drinking regime is adequate by a majority of children. In view of a high importance of nourishment as a primary prevention of many diseases, I would recommend to increase the erudition of mother.
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Ústrojí rovnováhy a sluchu koně
Vejrychová, Šárka
This thesis deals with the apparatus of balance and hearing of the horse. It is divided into four main chapters. The first chapter focuses on the anatomy of the horse's ear, which is divided by the sequence into the outer, middle and inner ear. There is also paid attention to the blood supply and the innervation of the individual structures of the ear. The second chapter deals with the physiology of balance and hearing. It studies especially the specifics of horse's hearing and compares the differences from the human ear. The third chapter is devoted to the ear in terms of horse ethology and breeding. In particular, the formation of the pinna and the use of auditory abilities of horses in training and communicating with a person, but also in natural communication with other horses. The fourth chapter contains a list of the most common diseases of organs of hearing and balance of the horse. It describes the causes of the disease, its symptoms, diagnosis, optimal treatment options, prognosis and its impact on the quality of hearing and balance of the horse.
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