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Analýza zaplevelení množitelských porostů vybraných obilnin
Růžička, Radek
The diploma thesis deals with the analysis of weed infestation of spring and winter cereal crops, where spring crops (Hordeum vulgare), oat (Avena sativa), winter barley (Hordeum vulgare) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were subject to control. The theoretical part describes the harmfulness of weed species, which we encounter on agricultural land, followed by problems with their regulation. This issue is followed by growing technology of propagation stands. Of the found weed species in the propagation stands, they are particularly dangerous (Wild oat, Silky bent grass, Couch grass).
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Vztah zaplevelení porostů kukuřice seté a půdoochranných technologií zpracování půdy
Renčínová, Eliška
The aim of this diploma thesis was to evaluate the current weed infestation in corn crops under different soil treatment conditions. Weed infestation was carried out in 2016, 2017 and 2018. Field experiments were conducted in Žabčice and in 2018 the experiment was conducted in ZOD Sedliště near Litomyšl. The soil processing in Žabčice was executed in three variants and in Sedliště in two variants. The first variant was the traditional method of tillage, minimum tillage and non-tillage soil treatment. Weed evaluation was performed by a numerical method and the weed evaluation results were processed by "DCA" analysis and "RDA" redundancy analysis. The most common species in the maize crop were the following: Echinochloa crus - galli, Convolvulus arvensis, Chenopodium album, Capsela bursa - pastoris, Cirsium arvense, et. A total of 34 weed species were found in the maize. The results show that weed infestation is significantly influenced by the given tillage technology and weather conditions of the given year.
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Analýza aktuálního zaplevelení vybraných širokořádkových plodin
Pfefr, Ladislav
The aim of this thesis was to assess the weed infestation and the effect of crop density on the occurrence of weeds in selected wide-row crops on the land of the agricultural holding Agrospol a. d. Knínice. The weed infestation was assessed in the crops of maize, common sunflower and sugar beet. The weed infestation rate was determined in field conditions using the calculation method. The results were further processed by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Species such as Elytrigia repens, Geranium pusilum and Mercurialis annua were found in fields with sparse maize crop. Fallopia convolvulus and Anagallis arvensis prevailed in fields with sparse common sunflower crop. Species such as Chenopodium album, Echinochloa crusgalli and Veronica persica were most common in fields with sparse sugar beet crop.
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Vliv základního zpracování půdy na plevele porostů jarního ječmene
Šťastný, Jiří
This Master's thesis compares different types of tillage systems and their impact on weed of crop spring barley. Monitoring had been conducted in 2016, 2017 and 2018. The first observation were taking place on the field station in Žabčice where weeds were monitored during vegetation. The second monitoring had taken place for the first two years in Syrovice and the last year in Sobotovice. These experiments had evaluated weed infestation after harvest of the main crop. There had always been monitored the three different technologies. The obtained data were processed by the statistical program Canoco 5.0. The most weeds plants had been founded in the no-tillage variant in experiment No. 1 (Žabčice). For example persistent perennial weed species such as Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis. The smallest weeds infestation were detected in minimum technology with the common species Veronica persica. The most weeds plants had been founded in variants of tillage with disc cultivator in experiment No. 2 (Syrovice, Sobotovice). Occured common species: Amaranthus retroflexus, Hordeum vulgare – volunteer. On the other hand, the less weeds had been observed at the control variant (with no-tillage after harvest of the main crop) - for example: Anagallis arvensis, Chenopodium hybridum or Veronica polita. The results suggest that the different types of tillage systems and the climate conditions of the year have a significant impact on weed infestation.
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Vliv vybraných pěstitelských opatření na plevele v porostech ozimé pšenice
Kosík, Pavel
The aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of different soil cultivation, crop rotation and year on winter wheat weed infestation. Weed observation was monitored at a field trial station in Ivanovice na Hané. The calculation method was used, the number of individuals was measured on an area of 1 m2. The evaluation was carried out during the years 2016, 2017 and 2018. Statistic processing and evaluation of the number of individuals of all species in winter wheat stands was used by the computer program Statistica.Cz. Multidimensional analyzes of ecological data by DCA (Detrended Correspondence Analysis) segmental analysis were used to determine the effect of the observed factors on individual weed species occurring in field trials. Further, redundancy and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were used. In conclusion, we can say that all observed technologies and crop rotation processes have an impact on weed infestation and the right technology is chosen, and not only the weed infestation but also the need for herbicides can be significantly reduced by balanced crop rotation. Another important factor that cannot be influenced, however, is the influence of the year, mainly due to the amount and distribution of rainfall during the year, when competitively stronger weed plants gain advantage in drier periods, when the shallow root system of grains can not sufficiently supply water with plants.
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Zaplevelení jarního ječmene v podmínkách odlišného střídání plodin
Hrubý, Roman
In my diploma thesis I deal with weed infestation of spring barley under different crop rotation conditions. I evaluated the weed intensity in 2016 - 2018 at the experimental station of Mendel University in Žabčice. Weeds were evaluated in spring barley stands, which were grown in two field trials with different crop rotation. The first experiment was a long-term monoculture of spring barley, which has been in Žabčice since 1970. In the second attempt, it was evaluated in crop rotation crops according to the Norfolk crop rotation. In the first and second attempts I used two variants of soil cultivation, traditional and minimizing. Weeds have always been evaluated before herbicide application. Evaluation of weed intensity showed that crop rotation has a great influence on the species composition of weeds in spring barley. In the variant with long-term spring barley monoculture, significantly fewer weed plants were observed than in the variant with the Norfolk crop rotation.
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Vyhodnocení aktuálního zaplevelení vybraných polních plodin pěstovaných v řepařské výrobní oblasti
Viktorová, Libuše
This bachelor thesis deals with actual weeding of selected field crops in the beet pro-duction area. Weed measurements were carried out at Agra Velký Týnec farm. Weed infestation was assessed by the numerical method - the number of individuals per 1 m2. Monitoring was carried out in winter wheat, oilseed rape, spring barley, poppy seed, alfalfa and maize. The most common weed species were Tripleurospermum ino-dorum, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Papaver rhoeas, Chenopodium album, Avena fatua, Cirsium arvense, Euphorbia helioscopia, Veronica persica.
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Druhové spektrum polních plevelů ve vybraných porostech cukrové řepy
Borovička, Roman
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to evaluate the weed infestation of selected sugar beet stands. The monitoring of the stands was carried out in three terms, in April - before the first application of herbicides, in June - after the last application of herbicides and then at the beginning of September, when secondary weed weeds were monitored. In total, 12 weeds were identified in the stand. The most common was the Brassica napus subsp. napus - which occurred mainly in the first term - before the application of herbicides and the Chenopodium album – which occurred mainly in the second and third term, after the application of herbicides. Weed beet have been observed on all stands, its occurrence must be monitored and eliminated.
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Vyhodnocení aktuálního zaplevelení polních plodin ve vybrané lokalitě kukuřičné výrobní oblasti
Řičica, Tomáš
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to evaluate the actual weeds of field crops in the monitored enterprise plant situated in the corn production area. Monitoring was carried out in 2018 in rape, wheat and maize. The work also evaluates the comparison of weed infestation in unlimited and pesticidal bands. In the monitored crops, species were mostly found: Aspera spica-venti, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Geranium pussilum, Chenopodium album, Setaria viridis, Stellaria media, Thlaspi arvense, Veronica persica.
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Výskyt plevelů ve vybraných porostech okrasných rostlin
Brabec, Tomáš
The aim of my thesis was evaluation of weed species spectrum in the stands of roses and thuja, which I did in the family company Zahradnictví Brabec. They specialize on growing ornamental trees and vegetables. I conducted the evaluation using mathematics and statistics methods. Overall, I found the occurrence of 24 weeds species, from which 23 species were in roses and 22 were in thuja. Among the most common weeds was in both crops Pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), Common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) and Common orache (Atriplex patula).
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