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Regression and correlation analysis of time development of the traffic accidents number at transportation of dangerous substances in a selected region.
VÁVRA, Martin
The aim of this thesis was to conduct a statistical survey and the measurement of statistical dependences of time development of the traffic accident rate at transportation of dangerous solid, liquid and gaseous substances, including their total number and also in case of leakage of these substances in a selected region "the Czech Republic". The purpose of the thesis was to verify statistical data, or more precisely, verification of two basic hypotheses H1 and H2, and five sub-hypotheses H11, H12, H13, H14, H15. For these verifications methods of descriptive and mathematical statistics were used, especially regression and correlation analysis in hypothesis H1. To verify hypothesis H2, nonparametric normality test as a technique of mathematical statistics was applied. Verification of hypotheses H1 and their sub-hypotheses H11, H12, H13, H14, H15 enabled to prove linear regression associated with negative correlation within the development of traffic accidents at transportation of dangerous substances in annual units of time (2002 to 2011). Verification of hypothesis H2 enabled to demonstrate normality in distribution of the number of accidents at transportation of dangerous substances within individual months of the monitored period from 2007 to 2011. As benefits of this thesis both the proposal of the sequence of statistical methods for examining the research topic and the application of the mentioned statistical methods to the number of traffic accidents at transportation of dangerous substances can be considered Based on the results of this study, possible follow-up research work may be suggested. A research is proposed which would survey the ways of prevention or other factors leading to negative correlation dependence. Another possibility of follow-up research work could be, for example, statistical surveys and the measurement of statistical dependences in regions of the CR or investigation of the theoretical distribution of the number of traffic accidents at transportation of dangerous substances within a different time unit.
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Forming factors of traffic accidents in transporting dangerous substances.
SANDOROVÁ, Radka
The thesis ``Causes of Accident Occurrence in Transporting Dangerous Substances{\crq}q is aimed at the topic of road accidents in transport of dangerous substances, which is one of its inseparable parts on which extra stress is placed and cannot be classified as common transport. Road transport of dangerous substances is subject to the European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR). Although the safety of road transport of dangerous goods is broadly secured in the sense of ADR there are still numerous factors affecting the transport course itself, which may lead to a road accident. Road accidents of vehicles transporting dangerous goods often involve leaks of dangerous substances and subsequent threat to human lives and health, damage on environment and property. This is why transport of dangerous substances definitely belongs to activities with higher risk rate. The fact that the time and place of accident occurrence cannot be determined in advance even escalates the danger. The thesis is aimed at surveying the situation in the field of causes of accident occurrence in transporting dangerous substances, discovering the level of awareness of the problems of dangerous substance transport and the causes of road accidents among traffic participants and proposing concrete preventive measures. Quantitative research was performed to gain information necessary to confirm my hypotheses. Secondary analysis of the data from the Police of the Czech Republic archives was used as the method for confirmation of hypotheses. A questionnaire survey was used for determination of the level of awareness among traffic participants. The hypotheses set in the thesis, that the causes of accident occurrence in transporting dangerous substances have direct influence on accident frequency and common road traffic participants do not have sufficient knowledge of the problems of dangerous substance transport have been confirmed.
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Newly implemented European legislation REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation of CHemicals) {--} future benefits for organisation of rescue and decontamination works and increased administration cost in Czech enterprises
HLÁSKOVÁ, Jana
The Regulation No. 1907/2006 on registration, evaluation, authorisation and restriction of chemical substances and on establishment of the European Chemicals Agency, the so-called REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemical substances) came into effect on 1 June 2007. The purpose of the Regulation has been to ensure safe functioning of the market with chemical substances and preparations and protection of human health and environment against effects of toxic substances. After a complete implementation of the Regulation the only substances and preparations produced and used in the European Union will be those with known toxicological properties, including data about their impact on the health of future generations. The thesis focuses on the description of the REACH Regulation, schedule of its implementation and its potential benefits for the improved effectiveness of rescue and liquidation works performed by members of the Integrated Rescue Service (IZS). Due to very limited sources available at the early stage of REACH implementation, the method selected for the work was consultations with experts directly specializing in the REACH legislation, managers of pharmaceutical or chemical companies managing work with toxic substances and IZS members. Expert opinions have been collected about the legislation process and about the situation in the industry. The Fire Rescue Service uses databases Medis Alarm, Rozex Alarm, TEREX and Trins for planning and implementation of its interventions. In 2013 {--} 2020 I expect bigger quantities of data obtained within the REACH framework to be transmitted into those databases; in that period it will be necessary for the IZS members to become familiar with REACH and with the implemented methods of transmission of toxicological data and to be able to critically evaluate available databases when planning an intervention under conditions of a potential threat posed by toxic substances to the health of IZS members, to the population in the surroundings and to the environment. I recommend to start teaching REACH as a topic at specialized schools so that future graduates are familiar with REACH at least theoretically.
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Characteristics of the territory in relation to the possibilities of occurrence of extraordinary events and crisis situations and the way to solve them.
MRZENA, Pavel
The goal of my thesis was to provide a basic and comprehensive picture of the territory of the town of Tábor, and to describe how the characteristics influence the possibility of occurrence of extraordinary events and crisis situations, including the follow-up ways to solve these situations. Another goal of my thesis was to present a picture of the possibilities of occurrence of selected and particular extraordinary events and crisis situations, including the identification of the readiness level of the crisis management authorities of the town of Tábor for these events. In the final part there are findings and information based on which we can state that the hypotheses were confirmed. Based on the characteristics of the town of Tábor, which influence the occurrence of unfavourable events and their solutions, the level of readiness of the town for these events is considered to be good, and currently additional new measures are taken to stabilise and improve this readiness.
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Hazards and threats of transportation and storage of dangerous substances
ZELENÝ, Roman
Our company uses more and more chemical substances. A lot of dangerous chemical substances and formulation, that are used by construction, or they are commonly used as products for our consumption, must be also stocked and must be transported into stock, factories and operation. Averages related to escape of dangerous substances represent huge hazards, that may threaten health and lifes of people, their property, or they can have negative impact on environment. I will adduce amount of stocked dangerous substances in Central Bohemia //Středočeský kraj// per year 2007 as a proof of a huge amount of injurants around us. In this work I will make analysis of the most often stocked and transported chemical substances (amonia, chlorine, hydrogen cyanide). I want to clarify hazards and mainly possible after-effects on health of citizens and on environment, that could start in case of averages with this substances. I will make an analysis of accessible sources (print news, evaluating reports, process case researches, possibilities of resolution of exceptional events, relief and account//liquidation// work) and I will compare them with processed accident and crisis documentation. In this work I would like to emphasize mainly reactions on possible average. I will create model situations with escape of dangerous substances through transportation and through stocking with possible reactions on them. I will use software tool Terex for their evaluation. I will appoint immediate acquisition //arrangements//, relief and account work on a basis of these model situations that must be carried out immediately after escape of dangerous substances and also following acquisition, either short time or long time. At the same time I will suggest preventive acquisition to lower the probability of rise of exceptional events with escape of dangerous substances.
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Activities of crisis management department at Týn nad Vltavou during a crisis situation {--} accident involving a tanker carriaging diesel on the bridge over the river Vltava.
VAŇOUS, Jiří
In the introduction of this graduation theses are described laws which regulate a function Of particular components of an integrated emergency system and crisis staff. We will learn what special events, their reasons, emergence and consecutive solutions of their abolition we know. There are described dangerous substances which can endanger human and environment. We will find out that we are often in danger during carriage of harmful substances along the road, so there is a simulated accident of lorries and a larger amount of oil substances get off them into the river Vltava. The whole theses is aimed at cooperation and coordination of crisis staff of the town Týn nad Vltavou with components of an integrated emergency system. Generally emergency and liquidating work by reason of abolition special events is mentioned.
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Transfer of dangerous substances in connection with safety at road traffic
SANDOROVÁ, Radka
The carriage of dangerous goods by road abides mainly by the European Agreement concerning the international carriage of dangerous goods by road `ADR{\crq}. The agreement was accepted by advanced countries in 1957 and The Czechoslovak Socialist Republic joined it in 1986, the Czech Republic became the full-fledged member on 1st January 1993 as a succesor of the former Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. Despite the fact that the development of industry has brought many products that we cannot imagine the existence of the modern society without, on the other hand, the integral part of them is production of dangerous goods, which brings a danger associated with their manufacture, storage, usage and transportation. On this account it is necessary to use all means to decrease potential hazards of a rise of accidents of vehicles transporting dangerous goods, which brings the biggest hazards to people{\crq}s health, their possession and ecological environment. As statistics show, one of the main agents of a rise of accidents is human failure. Even the most perfect regulations cannot avoid these or other hazards that menace whilst carrying dangerous goods. Though my effort was to refer to essential and the most important parts of the ADR agreement concerning the carriage of dangerous goods, to highlight the importance of exercising control over observing the regulations. Moreover, I wanted to point to the direct dependence of successful managing of solving uncommon situations on cooperation and instantiation of powers of all components of Integrated emergency system, and at the same time through a particular example from practice to mention the need of actualization of individual type plans and subsequent presentation of newly used methods and observations from solving crises situations and with them connected introduction of new ways of preparation for their solutions.
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The protection of population in case of terrorist attack which includes the release of dangerous substances
MARYŠKA, Václav
The protection of population in case of terrorist attack which includes the release of dangerous substances My Bachelor Thesis on the topic Protection of population in case of terrorist attack which includes the release of dangerous substances is divided into two parts. In the theoretical part I deal with development of population protection in the CR, as the basic element of population protection against dangerous substances, its differentiation and its basic tasks, then I describe types and examples of emergency events (terrorist attack, release of dangerous substances in the atmosphere in relation to the population behaviour principles). The practical part is aimed at investigation of awareness of inhabitants of protection of population in case of terrorist attack which includes the release of dangerous substances. The aim of my work is to confirm or to disprove the following hypotheses. Citizens have sufficient opportunities to get familiarized with the issue of protection of population in case of terrorist attack which includes the release of dangerous substances. Citizens know the principles of correct behaviour in emergency events. The next aim is to compile material providing summarized information on the principles of population behaviour in emergency situation involving harmless substance release, to specification of the possible most frequent and most dangerous substances, their main effects and basic features applied in accidents, to explain some basic ways of warning labelling of dangerous substances. The elaborated material will be offered to teachers of these issues for use in education according to the Ministry of Education Instruction No. 12050/03-22 of 4 March 2003. The questionnaire form was used for elaboration of the practical part. The questionnaire consisted of twenty-five questions. The first four ones are aimed at the characteristics of the examined sample of respondents (sex, age, education, place of residence size). The following questions were already aimed at investigation of awareness of South Bohemian Region inhabitants of protection of population in case of terrorist attack which includes the release of dangerous substances. The research was performed in January and February 2007. 120 questionnaires were distributed. The research target group consisted of South Bohemian Region inhabitants. 120 randomly selected respondents participated in the research. The results of the practical part prompt that citizens have sufficient opportunities to get familiarized with the issues of population protection. There are enough sources of information nowadays, just to use them. We may say to the second hypothesis that according to my research citizens have basic information on the principles of correct proceeding in case of emergency events. However their awareness is not at the sufficient level. I believe that this thesis will contribute to enlargement of knowledge of population protection, which might substantially influence behaviour of people in case of dangerous substance release or a terrorist attack.
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An extraordinary event of dangerous substances leakage and informing public about the danger
BURŠÍKOVÁ, Jana
At he beginning of my thesis some basic notions are explained and there is a brief survey and conditions of the creation of legislation regulating the discussed problems, i.e. emergency laws, laws regarding dangerous substances handling and Nuclear Act above all. In the second part I analyze the readiness of state and community bodies for non-military critical situations (emergency legislation, documents of emergency planning) and for the solution of extraordinary events, I emphasize the task and activities of the integrated emergency system. In the following text I focus in detail on the legislation related to the way of securing and handling dangerous substances and radioactive substances. These are the following acts above all: Act on the Prevention of Serious Accidents (duties of operators handling dangerous substances, participation of public and its informing, state administration), Act on Chemical Substances and Chemical Agents (classification, testing and registration, marking and packaging of chemical substances and agents, transport of dangerous substances), Act on Waste and problems of nuclear energy and ionizing radiation are regulated by the Nuclear Act (nuclear safety and readiness for accidents, measures in the zone of emergency planning). This legislation is completed and detailed by some orders and regulations. The practical part is focused mainly on realizing the level of public knowledge and public awareness, mostly in the surroundings of institutions handling dangerous substances, about the risks connected with the operation of these institutions and about the suitable behaviour of inhabitants in case of an emergency connected with dangerous substances leakage. In the introduction of the practical part I state the characteristics of the survey as a whole, I define the basic file of respondents (from the point of view of identification marks), I describe methods used. In the next part I briefly state the examined regions from the point of view of the occurance of emergencies of dangerous substances leakage. I used the form of a questionnaire for handling this. The questionnaire was focused on questions about real knowledge (toxic effects of some substances, marking dangerous substances, emergency numbers knowledge, axioms of the behaviour of public in case of en emergency of dangerous substances leakage, nuclear problems). In an enclosure to the questionnaire I ask about the interest of the respondents in these problems and their preferences as for a suitable way to be informed about the risks connected with the operation of these institutions. The results of the survey are detailed in the chapter with this title. At the end of my thesis I state some recommended forms how to improve the know-how of public in emergency of dangerous substances leakage. The end of my thesis and the discussion focus on results summary and comparison of the results of my thesis with the results of other authors.
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The Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Sea
Vytopilová, Jana ; Novák, Radek (advisor) ; Miletín, Jiří (referee)
The goal of the Thesis is the analysis of maritime transportation of dangerous goods. Thesis is divided into 4 Parts. Chapter 1 describes development of dangerous goods regulations with the emphasis on maritime safety and environmental aspects. Chapter 2 is based on the analysis of IMDG Code, whose regulations have the fundamental importance for the carriages of dangerous goods by sea. Chapter 3 is dedicated to the basic duties of the parties included in the maritime transportation of dangerous goods- carriers on the one side and shippers on the other side. Final Chapter is related to the maritime carriage of oil - one of the dangerous substances with the strategic importance.
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