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Measurement of cardiovascular parameters
Kratochvíla, Jiří ; Čmiel, Vratislav (referee) ; Kolářová, Jana (advisor)
The aim of the bachelor’s thesis is to get acquainted with the measurement of cardiovascular parameters, to realize the measurment of these parameters, to analyze them, show the statistic procedure of verifying hypotheses in this spere and finally the presentation of measured data including automatical detection of the heart rate from ECG signal in created program in Guide of Matlab system. On the basis of the theory was done the measurment on own suggestion with the Biopac system and with the quicksilver tonomether. The parameters, that were measured on the group of five people: ECG, blood pressure and the pulse frequency before and after the load. After the data processing was done the statistic analysis, the aim of this analysis was to show the procedure of verifying hypothesis, if and how are these measured parameters of cardiovascular system changing. After that the measured data were transported into Matlab system. The presentation of measured data (created program) contains the time domain and spectral analyses (using Fourier transform) of ECG signal, automatical detection of the heart rate from ECG signal, analysis of the heart rate variability (HRV) – tachogram together with detailed analysis of HRV spectra (spectra of heart rate variability – relating with parasympathetic and sympathetic activity), that are using in clinical practice too, just as the other measured parametres of the cardiovascular system.
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ECG quality evaluation
Vencel, Michal ; Vítek, Martin (referee) ; Smital, Lukáš (advisor)
This seminar work deals with the topic of evaluating the quality of ECG signals. The introductory chapters explain the basic characteristics of ECG signals - measurement, the form of the measured signal, methods of analysis. The cardiac physiology and pathology is presented. The most common types of noise that occur in ECG signals are also mentioned. Further, the reader is acquainted with the importance of the issue of evaluating the quality of ECG signals. In the practical part of the work, two own methods for ECG quality evaluation are presented. First, a brief theoretical introduction to the techniques used in the creation of methoda is given, followed by a description of the principle of algorithms. In order to compare the functionality of the proposed methods, three more methods from other authors are presented. Their principle is briefly described. In the final chapter, all methods are subjected to functionality testing. The results are examined and all methods are compared with each other.
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Suppression of power-line interference in ECG signals
Gregorová, Kateřina ; Vítek, Martin (referee) ; Kozumplík, Jiří (advisor)
This work includes an overview of the different methods of filtering of ECG signals that suppress the network interference. It focuses on the parameters that affect the quality of filtration for the three main groups of filters: FIR, IIR and adaptive filters. The main objective is to evaluate proposed methods in terms of the quality of filtration. This quality is rated an average output SNR, standard deviation and time filtering. The criteria of success is based on the filtration of the basic requirements on digital filters. Design of filter is realized in the Matlab programming environment.
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HRV analysis based on PPG signal
Kadlčík, Jindřich ; Hrbotický, Lukáš (referee) ; Smital, Lukáš (advisor)
Heart rate variability analysis has lately gained remarkable popularity as a tool in training optimalization and in prevention of cardiac disease. It is usually based on the ECG signal, the acquisition of which is uncomfortable during activity. Therefore, the option to base the analysis on the PPG signal instead was proposed, but not yet sufficiently studied. This study compiles the necessary information for correct heart rate variability analysis and introduces our own implemented detectors of fiducial points in the PPG signal, and compares their usability for calculation of HRV analysis metrics.
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Cardiac Pacing in Pre-Hospital Care
TOMANCOVÁ, Anna
The theme of this bachelor thesis is cardiostimulation in pre-hospital care. Cardiostimulation in pre-hospital care is performed only externally and temporarily. The procedure is rare and used only in patients with severe hemodynamic conditions. The very rarity of this medical procedure has given cardiostimulation a certain respect. However, this fact should not be a reason for paramedics' lack of preparedness. When using cardiostimulation, paramedics should know the medical procedure, which will depend on the pathophysiology of the particular condition. Furthermore, they should know their responsibility to assist physicians in external temporary stimulation. The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the theoretical knowledge of paramedics in the field of cardiostimulation, their knowledge of the procedure of external temporary stimulation, and their practical experience with this procedure. Additionally evaluated was possible variability in the performance of external temporary stimulation in pre-hospital treatment conditions in the South Bohemian Region. The thesis is divided into two main parts - theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part first deals with the character of pre-hospital treatment, the role of the paramedic, and their competences. Next is mentioned the anatomy and physiology of the heart, the possibilities of monitoring cardiac functions and arrhythmia, which can be treated with cardiostimulation. This is followed by the topic of cardiostimulation itself - its types, and the procedure of external temporary stimulation in pre-hospital care using a defibrillator. The practical part categorizes and evaluates the results of qualitative research, based on interviews with paramedics from various units of the Emergency Medical Services of South Bohemian Region. The research objectives of evaluating the theoretical knowledge of cardiostimulation were achieved. The interviews identified that paramedics have a good understanding of cardiac arrhythmias and their treatment. Their knowledge of external temporary cardiostimulation shows they would be able to perform this procedure adequately. Comparing individual ambulance units in the Emergency Medical Services, no differences were found in the cardiostimulation procedure in the conditions of pre-hospital emergency care in South Bohemian Region.
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Nursing skills in monitoring and interpretation ECG
RÁSOCHOVÁ, Marie
The aim of this bachelor's thesis on the topic: "Nurses skills in scopes of monitoring and interpretation ECG" is to map the differences in nurses' skills in ECG monitoring and interpretation in different wards. From this goal, two hypotheses were established. First hypothesis: nurses' ECG monitoring and interpretation skills are dependent on education and the second hypothesis is that nurses' skills in the field of ECG monitoring are dependent on wards. In the theoretical part there was described the subject of monitoring and interpretation of the ECG, that consists of the description of anatomy and physiology of the heart with emphasis on the cardiac conduction system. Furthermore, there is presented the correct procedure of ECG monitoring, which is followed by strategies for the interpretation of ECG curves with description of common diseases, which are manifested by a change in the ECG curve. At the end of the theoretical part there are mentioned the most common errors in ECG monitoring. In the empirical part was used the method of quantitative research. Data collection was implemented by using a self-designed questionnaire, which contained a total of 29 questions- such as closed, semi-open and open questions. This questionnaire was completely anonymous and was intended for all general nurses from different types of wards with different levels of education. The results of the research point to different levels of skills in the field of ECG monitoring and interpretation, depending on education and the type of wards. According to the results of the research survey, it can be said that nurses with higher level of education have better skills in the field of monitoring and interpreting the ECG than nurses with lower level of education. At the same time, I also noticed that nurses from the cardiology ward and the ICU, ARO and emergency wards have better skills in this area than nurses from the standard and other wards. This bachelor's thesis could be used as a study material for nurses in practice, but also for students.
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Analysis of heart rate variability in animal models
Řehořková, Iveta ; Ronzhina, Marina (referee) ; Kolářová, Jana (advisor)
This paper deals with the analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) in animal models. The first part discusses, the basic information concerning the ECG, both in humans and in individual laboratory animals. This is followed by an introduction to the topic of heart rate variability, a description of methods for its determination and the effects of pathologies on HRV values. Prior to the practical section, the methods of ECG acquisition in animal models are discussed, and the function of the perfusion model used in capturing data for this work is also described in detail. The last part deals with the analysis of HRV provided data, performed in Matlab environment and an evaluation of the chosen methods.
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Alternative ECG measurement using flexible electrodes for scanning of electrical potentials on the human body
Hylský, Václav ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Malý, Petr (referee)
The objective of this bachelor thesis is to measure ECG signal using experimental textile electrodes. The theoretical part deals with heart anatomy, the placement of the heart within the rib cage, heart's electrical activity and ways of measuring it using electrocardiography as well as alternative ECG systems. The practical part of this thesis deals with the use of an experimental ECG T-shirt and wearable electronic equipment. This part also includes the description of the examination method as well as of the equipment which processes and records the signal. The next part this thesis deals with laboratory testing of the experimental ECG T-shirt on a selected sample of people. It also includes an assessment of the measurement results. Keywords: Conductive fabric, electrocardiography, electrocardiogram, electrodes
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