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Adaptation process in Intensive Care Units from the point of view of general nurses
ŠUBRTOVÁ, Tereza
The aim of this diploma thesis is to introduce the intensive care unit, the adaptation process and the analysis of the adaptation process in intensive care units. The theoretical part of the thesis describes intensive care in general, including the history, employee structures, division of the providing care, the national register of intensive care, the education of nurses, or the equipment of such a workplace. Furthermore, the adaptation process is described, which is the main topic of this work. It is described along with its types, phases, course in health care and methodological instructions. Coaching, mentoring, communication and, motivation, which are also an important part of the adaptation process, are introduced as well. The research part is realized in the form of semi-structured interviews with respondents working in intensive care as trainers who are involved in the training of new employees in the adaptation process and with employees who have completed the training. Based on the data obtained from the informants involved in the research survey, the categorization of the data was done, in which the results are described in detail. The thesis presents the views of nurses on the adaptation process taking place in their workplace. It also points out the deficiencies and areas that need to be given increased attention in the adaptation process. These are the areas of communication and continuous evaluation of the adaptation process, documentation and teaching materials, the area of the necessary time and space for training, motivation in the adaptation process and also the area of the team's influence on the new employee, and so, on the whole adaptation process.
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Nurse's role in surgical site infection prevention in orthopedics
STRNADOVÁ, Iveta
My thesis is devoted to setting of boundaries for nurse's role in surgical site infection prevention in orthopedics. Surgical site infection is current subject in surgery. Description of historical evolution, characteristics and infection selection in theoretical part of thesis is based on actuality and numerous occurrences of infections. Risk factors leading to SSI were also described and we targeted them more specifically on presence in pre surgical, inter surgical and past surgical period. Description of the origin, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and consequences of SSI was also made for setting the point and completion of this problematics. Nurse's role in preventive measures is mentioned in special part in theoretical part of thesis. More specifically it is nurses role in pre surgical, inter surgical and post surgical period related to growth of SSI. Objective of research part was to chart nurse's role in SSI. Our intentions were specifically on activities in pre surgical and post surgical period. The empirical part of the diploma thesis took place through a qualitative research survey. The technique of the work was a semi structured interview with nurses working in wards dealing with patients with surgical site infections. Thirty two nurses from hospitals in Liberec and South Bohemian regions were taking part in interview. All of interviews were realized in February and March 2021. Results were all recorded on audio recorders and recordings were then rewritten and processed with paper pen technique. During the qualitative investigation, it was found that all nurses meet in their practice with patients suffering from, among other things, surgical site infections. With these patients, nurses perform preventive activities mainly in pre surgical and post surgical period. In their preventive activities, nurses are using available resources, habits of their department and knowledge that they have at place of surgical site infections. Meanwhile there is somewhat unity in ATB prophylaxis, in the area of preoperative preparation recommendations may vary, or are sometimes missing. This fact is then also reflected in clinical practice. Nurses are following rules of barrier nursing care and also they know and use modern trends in wound care. The nurses also demonstrated their knowledge in the field of monitoring the development of infections at the site of surgery in the postoperative period. The empirical investigation of the thesis tells us that nurses meet patients suffering from, among other things, with surgical site infections while providing nursing care. They know basic activities used to prevent it's spreading especially in preoperative and postoperative period which they apply in their clinical practice.
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Risks of infection for nurses at the department of internal medicine
JIRÁČKOVÁ, Anna
This bachelor's thesis addresses infectious diseases, especially their risk of transmission, to which nurses are exposed in the exercise of their profession. The thesis is divided into two parts, the first theoretical part describes the issue of professional infections and health care associated infections, including hygienic-epidemiological measures. The second empirical part, it contains both qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative data collection was carried out through interviews and covert observations with several members of the sister staff. For the qualitative investigation, research questions were established. What are the risks of transmitting infectious diseases in nurses working in an internal department? How do nurses prevent the development of infectious diseases in the department of the internal type? How do nurses follow preventive measures for the risk of transmission of infectious diseases to an internal type department? On the contrary, quantitative research was carried out using a questionnaire survey involving 206 respondents from the general public. Hypotheses were established together with the objective for quantitative research. The perception of the risk of transmission of infectious diseases in nurses working in an internal department varies according to the age of the lay public. The perception of the risk of transmission of infectious diseases in nurses working in an internal department varies according to the experience of the general public with nursing care. The results showed that nurses are at considerable risk of transmitting infectious diseases, with most adhering to preventive measures. The results of the quantitative examination show that older respondents perceive the risk of transmission of infection as higher than respondents at a younger age. On the contrary, the experience of respondents with nursing care has no effect on the perception of the risk of transmission of infectious diseases. The results of the work can highlight what activities and procedures in nursing care need to be put more emphasis on. The opinion of the lay public allows a more comprehensive view of the issue, nurses can also gain a higher motivation for the performance of their profession thanks to feedback from society.
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Nursing student's motivation toward a university education
BLECHOVÁ, Aneta
This bachelor's thesis deals with nursing student's motivation toward a university education. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part has four parts. The first part explains nursing, the nurse profession and its prestige, and nursing companies. The second part is dedicated to the history of nursing in the Czech Republic and abroad. The third part describes the current education of nurses, legislation, pre-gradual and post-gradual studies, lifelong education, and nurses' competence. The last part is focused on the definition of motivation, Maslow's hierarchy of needs, motivation to work and study, and work satisfaction of health workers. In the practical part, qualitative research was used. The method of a semi-structured interview was used. The interview included 28 questions. In total, 10 females studying general nursing from different faculties were interviewed. The requirements for the interview were a high school diploma, enrollment in the university, and agreement to give the interview which was taken online. Afterward, the interviews were rewritten, printed, and processed manually. The conclusions were divided into 4 categories and 20 subcategories. The research aimed to map reasons for a decision to major in general nursing, learn about expectations about the education, and gather opinions on the current educational system. The research showed that 5 out of 10 students are motivated by an increase in competence and knowledge. In addition, recognition from others, increase in independence, university degree, higher financial evaluation, or external motivation were considered as highly motivating. Further, the students were mostly expecting to gain knowledge and learn new skills. Similarly, 9 out of 10 students think that university education is important. This thesis summarises the motivation, experience, opinions, and level of satisfaction of female students. This thesis tries to bring a closer look at the profession of general nurse and also, to inform potential candidates interested in the general nursing major. This thesis can also provide universities with feedback on the level of satisfaction of students with their academic studies.
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Strategy how to deal with a fear before surgery
ROSOVÁ, Monika
The diploma thesis deals with the strategies that the nurse uses in her practice to alleviate preoperative fear in patients. Waiting for surgery or being taken to the operating room can be stressful events for the patient. The overall mental state of the patient has a significant effect on the postoperative outcome, especially on the length of hospitalization or infection. The aim of the research was to find out patients' expectations from nurses and their attitude to nursing interventions to manage fear, factors influencing patients' fear, communication techniques of nurses and information that nurses provide to patients in the preoperative period. The research was carried out using a qualitative method, the technique of semi-structured interviews. The obtained data was analyzed by the technique of open coding with subsequent division into categories and subcategories. The research sample consisted of two groups of respondents. The first research sample was general nurses working in the surgical department. The second research sample consisted of patients who were hospitalized in the surgical department due to surgery. 21 open-ended questions were used to interview general nurses, focusing on information provided by the general nurse in the preoperative period, measures related to the COVID 19 pandemic and their impact on preoperative preparation, but also on nurse interventions used to alleviate patients' fears. 24 open-ended questions were used to interview patients, focusing on the impact of the hospital environment, factors affecting the patient's fear, awareness in the preoperative period, or COVID 19 measures and their effects on the patient. The results of the research survey showed that medical staff, the family and the hospital environment have a major impact on reducing fear. For the interviewed patients, the approach of general nurses, the influence of co-patients, the family and awareness have an irreplaceable role in reducing preoperative fear. The interviewed nurses consider the most important intervention to be an individual and empathic approach, proper education with an explanation of all risks. They use educational cards or notice boards for education. Measuring fear instruments are not used in practice. The patient's expressed confidence in the medical staff has a fundamental effect on reducing preoperative fear. The output of the work is the creation of a new scale for measuring preoperative fear. This scale should very easily and quickly find out how much fear the patient is experiencing.
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The prestige of General Nurse in the South Bohemian Region
ČERKLOVÁ, Sára
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to explore the prestige of the nursing profession in the South Bohemian Region. The thesis is divided into two parts, the theoretical part and the practical part. The theoretical part focuses on nursing care and the profession of nursing. Throughout the theoretical part, attention is focused on describing the history of nursing, on defining the job responsibilities, role of nurses in healthcare and required education for a nurse as well as nurse's core competencies. The theoretical part also presents the definition of prestige and the prestige of nursing in particular. Furthermore, the theoretical part describes the factors that influence prestige of nursing. The practical part uses both qualitative and quantitative research. The qualitative research consists of in-depth interviews with eight respondents. In order to carry out this part we set up following research questions: 1: What's the opinion of nurses regarding the prestige of their profession? 2: What do the nurses think is the public perception of the prestige of their profession? 3: What factors influence the prestige of the nursing profession? Besides, two almost identical survey researches were used to realize the quantitative research. This questionnaire was presented to nurses and lay public. Four hypotheses were created to study quantitative research: 1: The perception of the nursing profession in the South Bohemian Region differs depending on age. 2. The perception of the nursing profession in the South Bohemian Region varies depending on experience with nursing care. Based on the research we found out that the profession of nursing in the South Bohemian Region is perceived very positively. Furthermore, we discovered that the public image of nurses does not depend on gender. On the other hand personal experience with nursing does have an influence on the prestige of the nursing profession.
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Specifics of Nurse's Work in General Practitioner for Adults
HAMBERGEROVÁ, Veronika
The topic of this bachelor thesis is "The specifics of a nurse's work in general practitioner for adults". It consists of the theoretical part and the research part. The theoretical part firstly focuses on a primary care. It then covers the work of the general practitioner's office, occupational medicine services, medical reports and dispensary care. It aims at the characteristics of the work of the nurse in the general practitioner's office. Also it brings information about the nurse's work in the field of prevention, education, particularly health education, communication and the home health care. Finally, it shares the information about administrative activities of the nurse in the general practitioner's office for adults. The research part was concluded in the form of a qualitative survey. The aim of the survey was to find out the specifics of the nurse's work in the general practitioner's office for adults. Following questions had been asked: 1. What are the specifics of the nurse's work in the general practitioner for adults? 2. Which methods are most frequently used by nurses when educating patients? 3. Which activities nurses do in the field of prevention care? The collection of the data was acquired from the deep interviews, that were realized by nurses, working at the general practitioner's office for adults. Interviews were converted to the text form word-for-word and coded. There were 6 categories and 11 subcategories in total. This research was conducted in February and March 2020 and afterwards finished when it reached theoretical saturation. The result of this thesis can be used as a guide, available to the medical personnel as well as to wide society.
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Patients with diabetes mellitus which do not keep medical regime from the perspective of nursing care
ŠVANCÁROVÁ, Anna
The bachelor's thesis on the topic: "Patients with diabetes mellitus which do not keep medical regime from the perspective of nursing care" had two goals. The first one was about to identify the causes of non-adherence to medical regime from the perspective of patients with diabetes mellitus and the second one to describe nurse's task to patient with diabetes mellitus non-adherent to medical regime. Following these goals there were formulatedthree research questions, that are: What interventions are performed by general nurses in the care ofPatients with diabetes mellitus which do not keep medical regime ? What causes lead to not keep the medical regime from the patient, who has diabetes mellitus, point of view? How does the communication betweennurses and patients, with diabetes mellitus on the medical regime, affect the level of cooperation? The theoretical part deals with the characteristics of individual types of DM diseases, as well as complications associated with this disease, both acute and chronic. Furthermore, the work describes treatment options for this disease and, last but not least, deals with the education of patients with DM. In the empirical partwas usedthe methodology of qualitative research. Data collection was performed by using a semi-structured interview. There were prepared two variations of semi-structured interviews.The first one was conducted with patients with DM disease who did not follow the treatment regime and the secondwith nurses working with these patients. The interview with patients with DM not following the medical regimecontained 15 questions. The interview with the nurses working with these patients included 16 questions. Both semi-structured interviews were filled in by sub-questions where appropriate. Interviews were in most cases recorded in the form of a sound recording, and only after prior informing of the respondent and with his consent. They were also recorded in writing on paper. These audio recordings were later also transcribed into written form and subsequently processed by the open coding method, the "pencil-paper" technique. The informants were assured of complete anonymity. The research group consisted of patients with DM not adhering to the medical regime and with nurses working with these patients. The results of research set A are presented in the form of 4 categories and the results of research set B are presented in the form of 3 categories. All categories are also divided into subcategories, which are clearly schematically shown in the work. The individual categories represent answers to the research questions mentioned in this bachelor's thesis. This work can serve as an educational material for nurses who work with patients with DM that don't follow the medical regimen. Furthermore, the results can be used by medical students who want to learn more about causes of non-adherence to treatment regime by patients with DM and what roleplays a nurse in the care of these patients.
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Nursing skills in monitoring and interpretation ECG
RÁSOCHOVÁ, Marie
The aim of this bachelor's thesis on the topic: "Nurses skills in scopes of monitoring and interpretation ECG" is to map the differences in nurses' skills in ECG monitoring and interpretation in different wards. From this goal, two hypotheses were established. First hypothesis: nurses' ECG monitoring and interpretation skills are dependent on education and the second hypothesis is that nurses' skills in the field of ECG monitoring are dependent on wards. In the theoretical part there was described the subject of monitoring and interpretation of the ECG, that consists of the description of anatomy and physiology of the heart with emphasis on the cardiac conduction system. Furthermore, there is presented the correct procedure of ECG monitoring, which is followed by strategies for the interpretation of ECG curves with description of common diseases, which are manifested by a change in the ECG curve. At the end of the theoretical part there are mentioned the most common errors in ECG monitoring. In the empirical part was used the method of quantitative research. Data collection was implemented by using a self-designed questionnaire, which contained a total of 29 questions- such as closed, semi-open and open questions. This questionnaire was completely anonymous and was intended for all general nurses from different types of wards with different levels of education. The results of the research point to different levels of skills in the field of ECG monitoring and interpretation, depending on education and the type of wards. According to the results of the research survey, it can be said that nurses with higher level of education have better skills in the field of monitoring and interpreting the ECG than nurses with lower level of education. At the same time, I also noticed that nurses from the cardiology ward and the ICU, ARO and emergency wards have better skills in this area than nurses from the standard and other wards. This bachelor's thesis could be used as a study material for nurses in practice, but also for students.
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Matual expectations of Nurse and students majoring in General nurse on practical training in selected wards
KLAUSOVÁ, Klára
This thesis assesses the mutual expectations of nurses and students majoring in Generel nurse in practical training in selected hospital departments. The main goal of the thesis is to analyze what are the mutual expectations of nurses and nursing students in practical teaching in selected hospital departments. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part and an empirical part. The theoretical part covers history of education of nurses, current study conditions in nursing, competencies of General Nurses, practical training, mentoring and the specifics of nursing care in selected hospital departments. In the empirical part, a quantitative research survey was used. The survey was performed using two types of questionnaires. First type was distributed to nurses in the surgical, internal medicine and psychiatric wards. The second type was distributed to second and third-year students of nursing school. Six hypotheses were formulated: H1: The nurse expectations are influenced by the level of nurse's education. H2: The nursing student expectations are influenced by the level of nurse's education. H3: The nursing student expectations are influenced by the specifics of the selected department. H4: The nurse expectations are influenced by nurse's tenure in the selected department. H5: The nursing student expectations are influenced by the level of student's education. H6: The nurse expectations are influenced by the level of student's education. The results show that the nurse expectations is influenced by the level of nurse's education (H1) and also by the student's previous education (H6). The nursing student expectations are influenced by the specifics of the selected department (H3). It was also found that the nursing student expectations are not affected by the education of nurses (H2) or the student's previous education (H5). The results of the work can be used by nursing students before starting practical training as well as by nurses as feedback.
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