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Ethics in health care and social work - comparison of principles and applications
ČADOVÁ, Lenka
Ability and willingness to act ethically is the basis of the quality of the service in helping professions. This thesis deals with the fact which ethical principles are considered to be the most important in work of health care professionals and social workers of the civic association Prevent. In the theoretical part it is dealt with professional ethics, specifics of ethics in health care and social work, about the ethical codes of health and social workers and ethical principles of these professions. Ethics is a philosophical science that seeks to identify and justify the common and general bases which are connected with morality (culturally and historically conditioned by moral standards). The most common approach to the professional ethics is to determine generally formulated ethical principles. The formulation of the ethical principles of the profession can help to understand better the goals that have to be fulfilled. They are defined freely, so they can be acceptable to all. Their freedom is also their weak point - the acceptance of the principle does not give the instructions for a particular act, in addition to the generally accepted principles often come into dispute among them. The basic principles of medical ethics are considered the principles of non maleficience, beneficence, autonomy and justice. Banks defined similar principles for social work ? respect to the right to self-determination, support of well-being or welfare, distributive justice and equality, in the sense of non-discrimination. The practical part of the thesis presents the results of the research. Its goal was to find out which ethical principles are considered by health care professionals and social workers of the civic association Prevent the most important in their profession and how they apply these principles in practice, next to find similarities and differences in the responses of both professional groups and their clients. To achieve the goal the qualitative research was chosen. Interviews, semi-structured interview technique were used to gain the data. The sample was made up three health care professionals, three social workers and three clients civic association Prevent. The research results show that the area of ethics for health care profesiionals and social workers is a difficult topic. The interviewed professionals and clients do not realize the difference between ethics in the health and social work. All interviewees rather see the difference between professionals working with drug users, who are judged as professional and respondents are satisfied with their ethical behavior, and professionals outside the field of addiction, where they met with unethical approach ? prejudices, not respecting of the dignity, condemnation due to addiction. The social workers and health care professionals mention a number of principles which they consider relevant and important to their work. The matching answers to five basic bioethical principles and the principles of social work (non maleficience, beneficence, autonomy, justice, equality-nondiscrimination) has shown that the answers of the respondents of both professions at the same time meet the basic ethical principles of social work and bioethics. Nonmaleficience principle, which is not referred in the literature as the ethical principles of the social work, which two of the three paramedical workers and two of the tree social workers mention in their answers. The principle of the equality, is not mentioned among the basic bioethical principles, two of the three paramedical workers and two of the three social workers. Also the interviewed clients think that it is also very important and significant, the main client requirement in the area of ethics for both professions is the respect for the client, the access without prejudices. The interviewed health care professionals and social workers agree that the main way of solving ethical problems is the intervision in the team and a supervision.
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Přemysl Pitter - The Life for Others. Ethical-social Aspects of Historical Profiling his Life and Work
KOCMICHOVÁ, Jaroslava
The work deals with the life and work of Přemysl Pitter, major Czech Christian humanist, representativ of the social learning, education and journalism in the 20th - 70s of the twentieth century. Introductory chapters are devoted to his childhood and youth, especially his personal reflection of the suffering experienced at the frontline on the 1st World War, which influenced his future life guidance and practical activities. Other parts of the document is characterized Pitter{\crq}s destiny and social work for others - the poor, downtrodden, necessary - in the context of the radical social and political changes in the last century. Here is a somewhat more comprehensive text on the history of the fight to save children from a concentration camps and detention camps, after World War II, ie between 1945 - 1947. The last section describes the life and operation of Přemysl Pitter after retirement emigration in 1951, when the World Council of Churches delegated the duty of pastoral and social services for refugees in the camp Valka in Nuremberg in Germany until its repeal in 1962. The final chapter describes the staying and creative activity Pitter{\crq}s exile in Switzerland in the 60s and 70s. The work includes a brief summary of the contents of archival material and archives of Přemysl Pitter and Olga Fierzová in PMJAK in Prague.
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