|
|
The importance of stimulation of sensory perception by preschool-aged children with visual impairment
NOHAVOVÁ, Lenka
This bachelor thesis engages in the topic "Stimulation of sense perception for sight-impaired children at preschool age". The theoretical section of the bachelor thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter focuses on the sight-impaired individual, the second chapter deals with the development of a preschool-aged child, the next chapter is concerned with the preschool education of sight-impaired children and the last chapter focuses on sense perception for those children. The main aim of my bachelor thesis is to augment the already existing School Education Program (SEP) for preschool education at nursery schools for the sight-impaired focussing on sense perception and to create educational aids. A constituent aim of this bachelor thesis is to determine through interviews with educators what section of SEP in the area of sensory education is suitable for augmentation. The second constituent aim is to produce educational aids, which will be a benefit for the development of sense perception for sight-impaired children at preschool age. The third constituent aim is to test the educational material in practice. In accordance with these stated aims there are three selected research questions. To achieve the stated aims for the completion of the bachelor thesis, qualitative research techniques were employed. For the collection of data in the practical section of this thesis semi-formal interviews with educators were used. On the basis of information ascertained from interviews further inquiries ensued. An additional method used was the secondary analysis of personal documentation of selected sight-impaired children at preschool age. The final method used during the research inquiries was participant observation and direct work with the sight-impaired children. With regards to the constituent aims observational categories were created. The research inquiries occurred in the period from January to the end of March 2014 in the Nursery School for the Sight-Impaired in České Budějovice. The target group, which was the research subject, was comprised of educators and sight-impaired children at preschool age. The results of my bachelor thesis are two personally devised educational aids focused on the development of touch perception. On the basis of observation it was determined that both aids expanded the stated observational categories. For the sight-impaired children, the devised aids contributed to the development not only of touch perception but also fine motor skills, speech and communication, sight perception, memory and thinking. The fist aid also supported the development of mathematical concepts and the second supported the development of concepts about the human body. The results of the research inquiry indicate that both aids were beneficial for the children. The children learned to work systematically during class, complete activities and make independent decisions. In class with the first aid they learned to rely on their own sense of touch, develop their vocabulary, and recognize geometrical figures and count. In class with the second aid they learned to distinguish different types of material and surfaces through touch, develop their vocabulary, distinguish colours by sight, gain an idea of the human body, and assemble a human body from individual parts. Based on observations, it is possible to say that the work of children with educational aid depends on several factors. It was found that the performance of children is affected by attention; environment in which they work; sufficient time to work; repeating and summarizing activities; daytime and the child alertness; motivation and the child interest. Currently on the market there is quite a large number of aids, which support the development of touch perception. Every offered aid, however, is not always suitable for different sight-impaired children. My aim was to produce an aid which was in some way original and which met all the necessary criteria.
|
|
|
Drama in special pedagogic education
Helemíková, Lenka ; MACHKOVÁ, Eva (advisor) ; VALENTA, Josef (referee)
This work deals with the possibilities of using drama in special pedagogic education. It is divided into four chapters.
The first chapter is devoted to defining various types and forms of disability, specifies the requirements placed on teachers in special education in the field of drama. Describes the factors that influence an individual's reaction to his disability.
The second chapter defines drama in the system Paradramatic systems, approaches and other systems that are within the special education environment used.
The third chapter looks capabilities of drama in an educational environment in different groups of individuals with disabilities.
The fourth chapter presents a number of projects and hours in individuals with mental disabilities.
|
|
|
Tactile book as one of tools for visually impaired children development
FLÍČKOVÁ, Radka
This bachelor´s thesis deals with the topic of tactile books as means of the development of a child with visual impairments. Its theoretical part is divided into four chapters which handle an individual with visual impairments, classification of people with visual impairments, specific development of a child of preschool age with this kind of impairment, tactile viewing, tyflographics and production of books with tactile illustrations. The main aim of my thesis was to find out the opinions of the parents who have children with visual impairments on tactile books and also to find out which possibilities these books offer to children. For that, I have specified seven survey questions. The first survey question was focused on where it is possible to borrow the tactile books. The second question concerns whether these books are of a good quality, interesting for parents and children and if there is enough of them. The third question dealt with the differences in reading of tactile books which depend on the rate of the handicap and child´s gender. In the fourth question children´s reactions to these books were examined. In the fifth question the parents were asked whether they find these books useful for their children or not. Then in the sixth question I examined which abilities of the disabled children are developing during the work with this book. Finally, the seventh question dealt with factors which influence the work of preschool child with the tactile book. The examined target group consists of parents of children with visual impairments in the Czech Republic and a blind preschool boy. The qualitative research strategy was used and the data were collected on the basis of semi-structured interviews, observation and document analysis. Most of the families have their books sent by post. The waiting time for the book depends on whether it is available or not. According to the provided answers, parents have enough books and they consider them to be of a good quality. They mostly said that a parent reads aloud to a child, tries to get him involved in the story, explains and helps with tactile reading. Blind children are usually first focused on a detail and there is an equal ratio of boys and girls. The children do not have any problems with materials during tactile viewing. Mostly the parents said that children use the book several times in a row. The parents see the main benefit of these books in the fact that their combine auditive sensation with tactile sensation, develop communication skills, imagination and they also introduce the world of healthy people to these children. Considering the results of my investigation, I would say that the tactile book can be perfect tool for improving the child´s manual dexterity, speech and communication, space and space-time orientation, tactile and auditory perception, memory, thought, attention, social relations. My experience gained during observation of the blind boy working with the tactile book leads me to the conclusion that many factors such as motivation, attention, the person working with the child, place, mood, position of the child, health condition and the book itself are important.
|
|
|
The significance of free Time for the life´s quality of persons with Optic Handicap.
HESSOVÁ, Jana
The bachelor thesis addresses the importance of leisure time for the quality of life of people with visual impairment. Leisure time has the same importance for the target group as it has for the majority. It brings relaxation, physical and mental relief and stress reduction. Leisure time also plays an important role in casual and informal integration. Sports activities constitute an ideal tool for involvement and integration of individuals with visual impairment into the society. These activities have a considerable benefit in the prevention of secondary impacts in individuals with visual impairment. The theoretical part consists of three main chapters. The first section defines the term ?quality of life.? The second section of the theoretical part addresses the term ?visual impairment.? The final section of the theoretical part defines the term ?leisure time?. The practical part of the bachelor thesis contains research objectives and research questions. The data were collected in a qualitative procedure, using the technique of a structured interview with open-ended questions. The research set consisted of four respondents with visual impairment from the region of České Budějovice. The objective of the bachelor thesis is to perform a qualitative research to introduce sports activities as a possible tool of prevention of secondary impacts of visual impairment. The above stated objective has two sub-objectives. A qualitative procedure was selected for achieving the objectives of the practical part of the bachelor thesis. The research took place through structured interviews with open-ended questions. The data collected from the respondents helped me to answer the below stated research questions. Research question No. 1: What is the importance of sports activities from the view of an individual with visual impairment? It is possible to state that the main benefit of sports activities for all the respondents is the improvement of both mental and physical condition, wellbeing and stress relief. These activities have a positive effect in the area of relieving the tension and having fun, and contribute to the feeling of living the day to the fullest. Research question No. 2: What sports activities do the respondents with visual impairment perform? The qualitative research has clearly shown that the sports activity most commonly performed by the respondents is swimming, followed by hiking and riding a tandem bike. Research question No. 3: Why do the respondents with visual impairment not perform sports activities in their leisure time? Ascertain the reasons. The qualitative analysis of the collected data has shown that the obstacles for performing sports activities in leisure time have an external nature. The reasons are either organizational problems or absence of assistance or guiding services. It has followed from the conclusions derived in relation to the first sub-objective that according to the analyzed individuals, the most common obstacle for performing sports activities is a limited availability of assistance. Another obstacle for performing the activities is their costs and problems with accessibility by transport. The outputs obtained in relation to the second sub-objective have proven that a very beneficial and preferred activity of the research set is swimming. Other sports activities conducted by them are hiking and riding a tandem bike. The analysis has shown that these activities have a positive effect particularly on the locomotor system. All these activities have a great benefit for the prevention of secondary impacts in individuals with visual impairment. The bachelor thesis may be used as a study material for the students of related branches due to the narrow specialization of the thesis in the branch of special education of people with visual impairment.
|
|
|
The first introduction to electronic assistive devices for children with visual impairments in the instructional course.
PŘIBYLOVÁ, Hana
This First Degree (Bachelor) Thesis deals with the course in Operation of electronic compensatory aids. The course was attended by two clients with severe visual impairment for whom methodological guidelines in the form of codes of practice were created. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. Further, the theoretical part is divided into six chapters the first of which is focused on visual impairment. The second chapter deals with the development of individuals suffering from visual impairment. The next chapter seeks to define the education of persons suffering from visual impairment and the related specialized pedagogical counselling. The fourth chapter bears on specialized pedagogical counselling for persons suffering from visual impairment. The fifth chapter applies to social rehabilitation and brings a presentation of consultancy facilities dealing with social rehabilitation as well. The last chapter describes compensatory aids for persons suffering from visual impairment. The goal of this thesis is to optimize a part of the existing course in Operation of electronic compensatory aids by adapting the codes of practice for the use by clients suffering from visual impairment. A partial aim consists in gaining knowledge about the course in Operation of electronic compensatory aids through a debate with the instructor of course and, based on the instructor?s recommendation, to specify a theme that will be worked out in the codes of practice subsequently. Another aim of the thesis consists also in creating a guidance document that will contribute to a higher level of the course in Operation of electronic compensatory aids and in subsequent verification thereof in practice. In accordance with the objectives set relevant research questions have been defined. For the achievement of the objectives set qualitative research was assigned and the following methods were used for the data collection. The first method applied is structured interview. The interview was conducted with the instructor of the course in Operation of electronic compensatory aids. Based on the interview outcomes, the theme was designed that was developed into four codes of practice later on. The second method adopted in the research survey was observation through participation. There were defined observation categories corresponding to the partial aims of the thesis which were entered into the record sheet covering the observations to be realized. The last method employed was the method of secondary analysis of the clients? personal documentation. The research itself was carried out in the course of the period from February to mid- April in the premises of Tyflokabinet České Budějovice, o.p.s., the institution that is realizing the course in Operation of electronic compensatory aids. The group subject to research consisted of a sightless pupil and a partially sighted pupil. The result of my work represents an original methodological document. Thanks to the evaluation of the subject matter presented at the end of each lesson, it was found that the codes of practice were, on the other hand, beneficial to the course in Operation of electronic compensatory aids and, on the other hand, contributed to the understanding of the subject matter treated. Based on observations, I found that the teaching lesson of the course is influenced by the time of one hour allotted to the course and by the attention of attending clients, too. Based on the observations realized we can say that various games and activities can be made up that are intended for the practicing of the subjects discussed, however, the time allotted to the course teaching, viz. 60 minutes, must be taken into consideration. It has been proven that the 60 minutes were often not sufficient for discussing all the subjects prepared, still the time of 60 minutes is too long for maintaining the attention of the clients.
|
|
|
Training program for children with visual and mental disability in the age range 8-15 years
SOUKUPOVÁ, Jana
In this thesis I focused on children with visual and mental disability in the age range of 8-15 years. The theoretical part of this work includes characteristic of visual and mental disability. The practical part contains clearly arranged database of exercises for children with visual and mental disability .Created database of exercises for children is divided by groups B1, B2, B3 and also includes exercises lying down, sitting, standing, with aids and outdoors. All these exercises were consulted and subsequently verified on selected individuals to prove the feasibility of individual exercises. The definitive exercises were documented by photographs and are part of this database.
|
|
|
Music education in visually impaired students in primary education, especially at elementary schools of art
MINAŘÍKOVÁ, Mirka
The Bachelor thesis deals with the issue of music education in visually-impaired students at the first stage of elementary school. The thesis focuses on elementary art schools. The goal of the thesis has been to use a theoretical foundation in order to describe and map out the music education of visually impaired elementary art school students. The theoretical part contains three main chapters, the first of which explains the term visual impairment and lists its various categories while mentioning options for using the auditory, olfactory, and gustatory senses as compensatory senses by the visually impaired. The second chapter summarily describes the options and methods of educating visually impaired students. The third, last chapter focuses on the field of music education. The largest part deals with the music education of visually impaired students in elementary art schools. A qualitative procedure was used in the practical part of the thesis to attain its research goals. Questioning and semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. A total of 8 respondents, from the ranks of Jižní Čechy Region elementary art school presidents, vice-presidents, and teachers, have been interviewed, with all of whom having experience with teaching visually impaired students. The output of processing the results of the practical part leads to several findings. Teachers who teach visually impaired student and lack the specialized education for teaching such students have only one option for leading their students methodically-namely to stay in touch and cooperate with the teachers of the Jan Deyl Conservatory in Prague. Adopting the Braille writing system as well as theoretical basics of music education, and thereby the actual execution of music education, are both very important in allowing a visually impaired student to play a musical instrument and in opening up to them the possibility of further education in an artistic field. What matters in playing a musical instrument is correct initiation of lessons, cooperation between the teacher and the child and his/her parents, and educational rigor on part of the teacher , who must take into account the personal capabilities, options, and needs of a student. There are several ways of including visually impaired students in collective activities. The workplace application of musical skills in visually impaired students is a common, yet often complicated thing. The thesis may raise teachers? awareness of visually impaired children and the related educational options. It may also lead to deepening the topic of expanding one?s theoretical and practical knowledge.
|
|
|
Information and communication technology as a tool to compensate information deficit of pupils with visual impairment in primary education.
BRABCOVÁ, Jana
Currently, new and better information and communication technologies have been developing at a fast pace. With regard to the importance of the use of the aforesaid technologies by persons with vision impairment in order to improve or eliminate information shortage, followed by their ability to be competitive on the labour market, and also the quality of life in general terms, it is necessary to introduce ICT into education at primary schools.The first part of thesis focuses on the theoretical solutions associated with vision impairment, such as the classification of vision impairment, specifics of congenital/inborn and acquired disability, socialization of persons with visual impairment and its compensation. Various educational possibilities for the aforementioned pupils are described later in this text.The main objective of the practical part is to specify the level of qualification of the ICT teachers educating integrated pupils with vision impairment at primary schools in the South Bohemian Region emphasizing the fact of whether this subject is generally a part of the education system. Another objective of this thesis concentrates on the quality of facilities of these primary schools in order to teach the ICT subject.The results of this research draw attention to the current situation in the South Bohemian Region in this area.
|
|
|
The Question of Cortical Visual Impairment of Preschool Children
HANZLÍKOVÁ, Petra
The bachelor thesis deals with cortical visual impairment of preschool children. Goal of the thesis is to clearly introduce the CVI problematic of preschool children, describe specific approaches of preschool education process of children with CVI and based on qualitative method elaborate recommendations for optimalization of preschool education of children with CVI. The work is divided into theoretical part, practical part and attachment. The theoretical part comprises of three main chapters. First essay focuses on visual perception and the cortical visual impairment is described here. Second essay of the theoretical part talks about affiliated CVI disablements. The third essay discusses the preschool education. Here are mentioned the development specifics of preschool children in the field of motoric development, cognitive functions and also system of preschool education for children with visual and combined handicap. The practical part has been elaborated by qualitative method and it comprises of two fall studies of two preschool children with CVI. The research area for this study were three kindergartens in České Budějovice. Following techniques were used to collect data: observation, directed interview and document analysis. Part of the practical section are also recommendations for optimalization of preschool education of children with CVI. The bachelor thesis can be used as a study material. Practically it can serve as feedback for optimalization of preschool education of children with CVI in kindergartens.
|
|
| |
guest ::
