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Coastal ligneous vegetation of sand mining Lake Cep
HEYDUKOVÁ, Kateřina
The purpose of this study was to elaborate methods for an analysis of coastal shrubs and trees quality and quantity using picture analysis. The proposed methods were tested in a pilot study by analyzing a set of photographs of the coast shot in 2005 and changes in the recorded vegetation visible in photographs from 2009. Woody ecotonal vegetation of the 13km-long coast of the Cep grivel-sandpit was analyzed in the two points of time mentioned. As a part of this study, the effects that have a role in the succesion of shrubs and trees are also discussed.
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Succession in regrassed and spontaneously revegetated fields in the Bohemian Forest foothills
VÍTOVCOVÁ, Kamila
The subjects of this study were the plant succession of the regrassed and spontaneously revegetated fields in the Bohemian Forest foothills and the effect of grass cutting management on vegetation changes in time and some of the important soil microbial characteristics. The main aims of this study were to assess i) the phytocoenose differences between the re-grassed and spontaneously revegetated fields, ii) the effect of abandoned field surroundings on the field grassing, iii) the possible correlations between the successional age of fields and characteristics of meadow plant species. The data for the landscape view were collected during the season 2008 and were analyzed by ordination methods (DCA, CCA) and by the ANCOVA. The second data for the detailed view were collected during three seasons (2006-2008) from ten experimental squares and were analyzed by the ordination method (RDA) and the methods Repeated Measures ANOVA and One Way ANOVA. The significant difference between regrassed and naturally revegetated fields was not found. The effect of surrounding was important, while most of the plant species (86% in average) occurring in the surroundings were also found on the studied fields. The field age was positively correlated with particular characteristics of presented meadow plant species. Although the effect of grass cutting on the phytocoenose was not significant, the effect on the microbial biomas was significant in the mineralization rate of soil organic mater.
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Occurence and density of corncrake (Crex crex) in selected parts of National Park Šumava in relation to biotope management
PEKSA, Martin
The abundance of males of corncrake (Crex crex) in dependence on its biotope management was studied in the west part of the Šumava National Park. A night counting of singing males of corncrake by the method of point transect was practised. A record of male territorial vocalization was used. The research last from 9th June 2008 to 8th July 2008 in the extent of 598,3 hectare and in the average altitude of 877,7 metres above sea-level. Sixty-two males of corncrake was found out in total. The average population density was 0,07 ex./ha. Among 39 monitored localities there were 53,9 % of perennial biomass crops, 23,8 % of localities without management, 11,9 % of grasslands and 10,5 % of localities where the management according to the agroenvironmental programme is practised. It was acknowledged a positive influence of localities where the management according to the agroenvironmental programme is practised on corncrakes occurrence. In spite of the procentual representation of these localities being the smallest the average occurrence of corncrake there is the largest. It appears from these results that the agroenvironmental programme called "Bird localities on biomass crops - the breeding place of corncrake" is beneficial.
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The influence of extremal climatic phenomena at the recultivated and succession areas in Třeboňsko Protected Landscapa Area
NEMEŠKALOVÁ, Pavla
PLA Třeboňsko is located in the southeastern part of South Bohemia, and has an area of 700 km {$^2$}. It is an extraordinary region, where preserved valuable natural assets, but also many hundreds of years of human transformation of the cultural landscape. Basic river basin axis Třeboňsko are Třeboňsko Lužnice river in the floodplain which are 14 lakes created after gravel extraction. Coast lakes were part of forestry artificially reclaimed, partly remained left natural succession. Extreme weather events (floods, snow and strong wind calamity) in 2002, 2005, 2007 have different effects on the current status of coastal vegetation rehabilitated, compared with a similar old natural secondary succession.
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Evaluation of vegetation remnants of former settlements in selected border areas
KALNÁ, Eva
Eva Kalná, 2010:Evaluation of vegetation remnants of former settlements in selected border areas. It was chosen region Zhůří for this work, which is one of the displaced villages at Šumava Mountains, which was part of the Dobrá Voda military training area. First, the work is devoted to the history of the village and then to changes in vegetation both directly and indirectly influenced by humans. The part of theme of this paper is primarily exploring areas of interest in terms of plant species, providing evidence of former settlements and making photographs and map outputs for each species found. The next theme is the evaluate of using the area from 1949 to the present, which over decades has fundamentally changed. Work also focuses on comparisons between the state of use from the 1949 today state habitat.
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Spontaneous succession of vegetation of abandoned quarries in the Bohemian Karst: Occurrence of species in quarries and their surroundings
KAREŠOVÁ, Petra
Variation of vegetation during spontanneous succession was researched in ten limestone quarries in the Bohemian Karst in central part of the Czech Republic. Five abandoned quarries surrounded by woodland and five quarries with grassland prevailing in the surroundings were chosen. The age of quarries varied from 33 to 97 years. The complete list of plant species was recorded for each quarry and near surroundings (up to 100m).Resulting analyses demonstrated the close relationship between the occurrence of species in the quarries and their surroundings. The quarries may act as refugia for rare and retreating specie
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A spontaneous succession in young abandoned fields
VÍTOVCOVÁ, Kamila
Initial stages of spontaneous succession were studied in two differently aged abandoned field. The main tasks were to answer the following questions: Are the differences in vegetation related to the distance to a source of diaspores? Which species exhibit easier dispersal from the source? The souce of diaspors have a significant effect on the vegetation in the abandoned field and thus on the process of spontaneous succession. The succession leads to meadow vegetation and the succession is rather fast.
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An experimental study of initial succession on different substrata: analysis of changes in plant species cover and some soil biological parameters and their relationships
KRESÁČ, Martin
A four year experimental study of initial stages of succession on different substrata (sand, peat and gray clay overburden from brown coal mining) was carried out. The substrata were transplanted into two different landscape types in the Czech Republic. Control plots were filled with autochthonous topsoil treated with high temperature vapor. Plots with un-treated autochthonous topsoil were also established. Plant species cover and several soil-biological parameters (soil microbial biomass, basal soil respiration, exchangeable pH(KCl), organic-C extractable by potassium sulfate solution, and nitrate-N content) were measured once a year. Obtained data were mainly processed by unimodal (plant cover data) and liner (soil-biological data) ordination methods. Biological species traits (life span, seed dispersal vector, seed bank type, ecological strategy type following Grime, life form following Raunkiaer) were used to characterize early stages of plant succession. Vegetation and measured soil-biological parameters, except pH(KCl), were significantly changing during four growing seasons. Variance partitioning analysis based on plant species cover data indicated the landscape type to be the main governing factor and physico-chemical characteristics of substrate to be less important during the studied initial stages of succession. The same analysis based on soil-biological parameters showed the reverse result. Great variability of plant species ecological traits was noticed during four growing seasons. The earliest plant colonizers were mainly ruderal, anemochorous terophytes with persistent seed bank. The number of species with C-strategy type increased during the study. The relationship between the average plant species cover and measured soil-biological parameters was also examined during the experimental study of early succession. Direct and indirect ordination revealed the average sum of plant species cover to be weakly positively correlated with soil microbial biomass, basal soil respiration, nitrate-N, potassium sulfate extractable organic-C, metabolic quocient (qCO2) and negatively correlated to exchangeable pH(KCl). The relationship was significant only in the case of microbial biomass and potassium sulfate extractable organic-C. More detailed studies of the relationship between aboveground plant species biomass and soil microbial communities in initial stages of succession are required. Comparability of presented study is limited because not many experimental investigations of similar kind have been presented until now.
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