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Access to the first treatment of the newborn within twenty years
FORMANOVÁ, Renata
To make the passage of a newborn infant from its intrauterine to the extrauterine life a smooth process, and to facilitate the infant's proper postnatal adaptation, the quality of medical personnel and their approach to the initial treatment of the infant come as matters of utmost importance. The theoretical section of the paper concentrates on the initial treatment as practiced today and the same treatment as administered twenty years ago. Specified are the major changes that the treatment underwent throughout the last twenty years. The practical section of the paper focuses on experience and practices followed by midwives during the recent twenty years when providing the initial treatment in selected South Bohemian hospitals. To make an inquiry into this matter and to reach the below-specified objectives, the author chose to apply the method of qualitative investigation. The method assumed the form of semi-standardized interviews with midwives giving the newborn infants their initial treatment in six selected South Bohemian hospitals between 1990 and 2010. The paper had two objectives: (1) to find out the differences, if any, in the approach to the initial treatment of newborns as practiced from 1990 to 2010; and (2) to make a comparison between the individual procedures of the treatment while revealing any differences possibly experienced from 1990 to 2010. Both the objectives have been accomplished. Research Question 1, i.e. "What are the differences in approach to the initial treatment of newborns between what was common twenty years ago and what can be encountered today?", has been answered as follows: the personnel's approach altered when the system of rooming-in was introduced. Unlike the situation in 1990, nowadays the system is fully developed. Modified was the stance towards the mother, father and the baby - now they are perceived as a family. Preference is given to contact between the mother and the child immediately after the delivery; the father's presence is welcomed; breastfeeding is supported; and handling the infant in any other way is minimized. Research Question 2, i.e. "What are the differences in procedures used for the initial treatment of newborns between what was common twenty years ago and what can be encountered today?". During the 20 years a number of the practices has undergone quite substantial changes. Changed has been the treatment of umbilical cord; the infant's identification; postnatal suction; the metering of bodily dimensions; thermo-management; technical background; vitamin K administration; decontamination of the conjunctival sac; and the advancement of the rooming-in system. This Bachelor paper can help all medical workers get acquainted with the practices formerly employed to give a newborn baby the initial treatment and to compare the practices with the current situation. The research results can be utilized in teaching at the University of South Bohemia and published in professional journals and on the Internet.
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"Extended-care of midwife in giving infants a massage on Puerperium Depertment of Strakonice Hospital and infants at home."
VAČKÁŘOVÁ, Iva
In my thesis, I focused at providing massages to neonates at the Puerperium Department of Nemocnice Strakonice, a.s., and to infants at home. My intention was to acquaint mothers with massages during the first days after birth and to teach them the massage technique. The knowledge gained can be used to improve care for children in domestic environment. The thesis used a combination of quantitative and qualitative research. The data collection made use of an anonymous survey, an electronic survey and non-standardized interviews. Six objectives were defined. Objective 1: To survey whether the received information is profitable for mothers. Objective 2: To survey whether mothers are interested in giving a massage to their infants in the post partum. Objective 3: To map the expected benefits of physiological massages for infants as viewed by their mothers. Objective 4: To map mothers? interest in continuing child massages at home. Objective 5: To map the real benefits of child massage in home environment as viewed by the mothers. Objective 6: To teach mothers massage procedures. All the objectives were met. On the basis of the objectives, five hypotheses (H) and two research questions (VO) were identified. H1: The received information is profitable for the mothers, the hypothesis was vindicated, 96 % of the mothers found the received information profitable. H2: Mothers are interested in giving a massage in the postpartum ward, the hypothesis was not vindicated, 11 % of the mothers were interested in massaging their infants while hospitalized. H3: From the mothers?? point of view, the most estimated benefit of massaging their physiological new-borns was evoking relaxation and comfort, the hypothesis was vindicated, 94 % of the mothers mentioned that the most estimated benefit is evoking relaxation and comfort of their infants. H4: Mothers are also interested in performing massages at home; the hypothesis was confirmed ? 54 % of the mothers perform massages at home. H5: As viewed by the mothers, the biggest benefit of child massages at home is to induce relaxation and well-being; the hypothesis was confirmed ? 84 % of the mothers said the biggest benefit of child massages at home achieved was to induce relaxation and well being of their children. VO1: How do mothers perform child massages at home? Mothers who give massages to their babies at home mostly comply with proper procedure and technique of massages. Hypothesis 1 was defined for the research question: The demonstration of massage procedure to mothers in the maternity hospital was sufficient for proper massages performed at home. VO2: What are the benefits of massage as viewed by the mothers? The mother sees the benefits of massages mainly for their children to whom massages bring positive effects both physically and mentally. This is a great benefit for the mothers themselves. Hypothesis 2 was defined for the research question: The mothers are happy to get acquainted with new developments in the care of their children if they can see positive results in the satisfaction of their children. Findings from the research could be used to improve care for neonates not only at the Puerperium Department of Nemocnice Strakonice, a.s. but also in other health facilities where the clients come first and where the staff is willing to introduce any changes to the existing care. The results of the research could also attract considerable attention of private midwives who come into contact with mothers during pregnancy and give them the first and sometimes the most important information in the care of the baby.
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The role of pediatric nurse and midwife in the laboratory screening of newborns
CHVÁTALOVÁ, Lenka
Newborn laboratory screening represents a pro-active blanket search for diseases in their early, pre-clinical stages. It uses an analysis of a dried blood drop on filtration paper. The blood is taken under specific conditions from all newborns born on the territory of the Czech Republic. The blood samples are collected by midwives and pediatric nurses, who are responsible for correct execution of the test. In 2009 the number of screened diseases increased from nine to thirteen. The samples are accompanied with double NCR cards to record all data about the newborn and the conditions of blood collection, including an NCR copy of demographical data. The midwife or pediatric nurse shall instruct the mother who should be present during the blood collection. In the theoretical part the author deals with the history of newborn screening, characteristics of the newborn screening and its principles, tested diseases, preparation, procedure and care after the test. The practical part used a combination of quantitative and qualitative research survey. The quantitative survey used inquiring with a questionnaire technique. The objective number 1 of the survey was to map the knowledge of pediatric nurses/midwifes about laboratory screening of newborns. The objective 1 was fulfilled. The hypothesis formulated in connection with the objective was: Pediatric nurses and midwives are familiar with the principles of laboratory screening. The hypothesis was confirmed. The research technique used for the qualitative survey was an in-depth interview. The objective number 2 was to map obstacles to the laboratory screening of newborns from the viewpoint of pediatric nurses and midwives. The objective 2 was fulfilled. The research question formulated in connection with the objective was: What are the obstacles to the collection of samples for laboratory screening of newborns? The research question was answered. The most frequent obstacles are poor blood flow, necessity to make more than one puncture and the fact that one prescribed drop of blood may not be sufficient for the testing. This bachelor degree thesis may serve as a source of information and study material for students of midwifery. The results of the research may be used as a teaching material at the University of South Bohemia.
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Ensuring appropriate security and safety of mothers and newborns at the department of post-natal care
ŠTĚPÁNOVÁ, Martina
The bachelor degree thesis called ? Meeting the need of security and safety of mothers and newborns at the postnatal ward " is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. The theoretical part describes nursing care of newborns in order to meet the needs of security and safety of newborns and their mothers (identification of newborns, rooming-in, breast-feeding, comfort, safe handling and hygienic care). The objective No. 1 in the empirical part was to map the tasks of midwives / pediatric nurses in meeting the needs of security and safety of mothers and newborns. The formulated hypothesis was: Midwives / pediatric nurses are involved in meeting the needs of security and safety of mothers and newborns. The quantitative research used the method of inquiring with a questionnaire technique. The surveyed group consisted of 60 midwives / pediatric nurses working at neonatology wards. The objective No. 2 was to map how the meeting of the needs of security and safety of newborns is perceived by mothers at the postnatal ward. The formulated research question was: How do the mothers perceive the meeting of the needs of security and safety at the postnatal ward? The qualitative research used the method of inquiring with a technique of in-depth interview. The surveyed group consisted of 5 mothers hospitalized at the postnatal ward and their children hospitalized in the station of physiological newborns in the Hospital in České Budějovice. The objective No. 3 was to map how the mothers observe measures aimed at security and safety (rules of safe handling of newborns in general). The research question was formulated as follows: How the mothers observe measures aimed at meeting the needs of security and safety (rules of safe handling of newborns in general)? Also this part of research was qualitative, using the method of observation and a record sheet technique. The surveyed group was the same as in the previous case. All the objectives have been met. Based on the submitted results the hypothesis No. 1 has been confirmed. Midwives / pediatric nurses are involved in meeting the needs of security and safety. The research question No. 1 has been answered. The mothers ranked the meeting of the needs of security and safety positively, in 4 cases out of 5. The research question No. 2 has been answered as well. The mothers seek to observe the measures aimed at meeting the needs of security and safety, however, the weakest point is still the handling of newborns. Therefore an educational brochure has been developed for the mothers. The results of the research will be communicated to midwives / pediatric nurses working in the station of physiological newborns at the neonatology ward in the Hospital in České Budějovice. The bachelor degree thesis may serve as a source of information for future students of midwifery.
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Child's nurse task in education of newborn's artificial nutrition
ZAJÍCOVÁ, Lucie
It is now after leaving the hospital breast-fed infants and 4.5% only 34% of infants are breastfed for longer than six months. If the mother is unable or unwilling to breastfeed her child, comes the work of children's nurses, which should comprehensively educate mothers on the artificial feeding. This work focuses on the problem of feeding the newborn. Its task is to map the role of pediatric nurses in the education of artificial infant feeding, as well as identify the reasons for mothers to stop lactation and the transfer of their children - infants to artificial feeding. We tried to find out what are the errors in the application of artificial infant feeding, which is committed by mothers, and whether it is possible to eliminate these errors led education process of children's nurses. The research part of our work was the method of quantitative-qualitative research. For qualitative research, data collection technique was used semistructured interview. The interview was anonymous. Quantitative research was conducted through interviews. The questionnaire was anonymous. It contained 23 questions. Research files of qualitative research, mothers are mothers who use feeding their newborn infants artificial nutrition products. This set of nine respondents were selected in the Region. The research sample consisted of quantitative research for pediatric nurses, working in the department of physiological neonatal hospital South Bohemia. The results of our work we want to move the broader public, mothers who have decided, at its discretion, that are unwilling or unable to breast-feed. We created educational material to make the children's nurses working at the department of physiological and pathological newborn, as well as nurses in primary care.
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Level of knowledge of midwives and pediatric nurses for oxygen therapy in neonates and infants
JIRÁKOVÁ, Nikol
Abstract The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on oxygen therapy of mature and premature newborns, particularly as a part of resuscitation. The thesis summarizes general findings about postpartum adaptation of individual groups of newborns and about immediate care provided in the delivery room. The theoretical part also deals with a nursing care of newborns and young babies requiring ventilation support in the hospital neonatology ward. The practical part surveyed both theoretical knowledge and practical skills of pediatric nurses and midwives. The survey used quantitative inquiry and observation. Anonymous questionnaires were distributed to midwives and pediatric nurses working at the gynecology-obstetrics and neonatology wards in the hospitals in České Budějovice (Nemocnice České Budějovice, a. s.) and in Benešov (Nemocnice Rudolfa a Stefanie Benešov, a.s.) The observation was conducted during my practice at the neonatology ward in the hospital in České Budějovice. The thesis had one formulated objective and two related hypotheses. The objective was to determine the level of knowledge of midwives and pediatric nurses about the principles of treatment of newborns and young babies with oxygen. The objective has been met. Hypothesis 1: ?I believe that the level of knowledge of midwives and pediatric nurses about the oxygen treatment of newborns and young babies is sufficient? has been confirmed. Hypothesis 2: ?The nursing team in the delivery room is familiar with the current recommendations for application of oxygen during resuscitation of newborns in the delivery room? has been confirmed. This bachelor degree thesis may serve to future students of midwife profession as a study material and source of information. Moreover, the thesis might be used as an educational material for midwives and pediatric nurses working in delivery rooms and at neonatology in-patient wards.
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Obstetric situations in prehospital emergency care and duties of a medical rescuer
KLEČATSKÁ, Lucie
The paper treats the subject of obstetric situations in pre-hospital emergency care and the tasks tackled by paramedics. Vital in such situations are the early recognition of symptoms; correct diagnostics; and a speedy transfer of the patient to a hospital. The paper concentrates primarily on delivery during the pre-hospital emergency care; on premature leak of the amniotic fluid; and on bleeding encountered in pregnant women in the second half of gestation and the related complications. The effort aimed particularly at mapping the frequency of emergency obstetric situations met during the pre-hospital emergency care in the Region of South Bohemia; at exploring the experience of paramedics; and at finding whether they were afraid of such situations and whether they were able to apply their theoretical background in practice. The defined objectives yielded four hypotheses: H 1: Emergency obstetric situations emerging during the transit are rare in the South Bohemian Region; H 2: Paramedics possess sufficient theoretical erudition to manage the emergency obstetric situations; H 3: Paramedics do not possess sufficient theoretical erudition to manage the emergency obstetric situations; and H 4: In providing emergency pre-hospital care paramedics try mainly to take the patient to hospital in good time. The research section of the paper relied on a quantitative survey conducted through a questionnaire distributed among paramedics in the Region of South Bohemia. Altogether 80 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 66 constituted the surveyed set. The results were processed and assembled into cake diagrams best depicting the percentage shares. All objectives have been accomplished. The first and fourth hypotheses proved false, while the second and third proved true.
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New ways of newborn treatment methods in delivery room and their acceptance by parents.
KRLÍNOVÁ, Gabriela
The bachelor thesis is focused on new ways of newborn treatment methods in delivery room and their acceptance by parents. Most recently changes have happened in the approach to newborn nursing in delivery rooms immediately after delivery. The care is focused on the most natural way of the mother-to newborn adaptation after delivery, so that the early contact between the mother and newborn infant could be estabilished as soon as possible after birth. The aim of this work was to found, how the mothers perception of these changes and how the mothers evaluate these changes in comparsion with previous methods. The theoretical part of thesis describes newborn care in delivery rooms immediately after delivery, together stay of newborn and mother in delivery room and their stay in the newborn ward . The practical part was elaborated on the basis of results of a qualitative research conducted by semistandardized interviews. The results of the qualitative survey were processed by means of case reports. The research sample consisted of 7 mothers who gave birth to their second or third child in the delivery room in České Budějovice at a certain period of time. The results of the survey show that most mothers accept the new way of newborn nursing and, in their opinion these methods have brought more positives than negatives when compared with the past methods.
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Interpersonal relationship development between children's nurse and mother in the neonatology department by means of the H. E. Peplau model
AMBROŽOVÁ, Helena
The dissertation objective on the theme {\clqq}Interpersonal relationship development between children's nurse and mother in the neonatology department by means of the H. E. Peplau model`` is to chart individual phases utilization in the process, professional relationship development between children´s nurse and mother according to the H. E. Peplau model. Further through created documentation to find out differences at the approaches during professional relationship connecting between children´s nurse and mother in the neonatology department in the Hospital JSC in České Budějovice. To meet these objectives the dissertation is divided into theoretical part which focuses on differences at the care of developed and underdeveloped infant, nursing model H. Peplau including its application into practice. The second, practical part is divided into quantitative and qualitative parts. The quantitative part concentrates on factors finding out which influence professional relationship between children´s nurse and mother in compliance with the H. E. Peplau model and concurrently specifies individual nurse roles changing during professional relationship children´s nurse and mother. The data of the quantitative research part have been learned by means of questionnaire disquisition. By the dissertation results summarizing I found out facts regarding H. E. Peplau model individual phases utilization at the children nurse {--} mother relationship establishing in neonatology. Hypothesis 1 {\clqq}Children nurses with own children establish faster the professional relationship with mother`` {--} has come true. Hypothesis 2 {\clqq}Children nurse practice length influences the ability to establish the professional relationship with mother`` {--} has come true. Hypothesis 3 {\clqq}Children nurses undertake the role of the mentor in most cases`` {--} hasn´t come true. The data of the qualitative research part were identified by observation, conversation with children nurse, creating of the documentation own proposal at the mothers of prematured children hospitalized by ROOM IN system and its application in practice. Mothers were divided into two groups, the common way of the interpersonal relationship establishing with mother was used in the first group, the way of the interpersonal relationship establishing with mother according to the H. E. Peplau model was applied in the second one. At the quasiexperiment it has been identified the interpersonal relationship establishing with mother proceeds better at the nursing H. E. Peplau model utilisation. The dissertation knowledge can be partly utilised by neonatology department of the Hospital JSC in České Budějovice, in particular by children nurses to master the abilities for professional relationship establishing with mother and to provide subsequently mother and child with the complex nursing care. Further to students and other interested people in this issue.
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