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The Problem of Access to Gynaecological Care for the Underage Following the Coming Into Force of Act 372/2011
PROKOPOVÁ, Jana
Medical care attainability is defined as Medical services system´s efficiency in satisfying public´s health care need in via implemented policies and as well as via already existing medical services. One of the implemented policies is a new law nr.372/2011, digest of Medical services and conditions of its rendition, which establishes the rules of health care rendition to underage. Since 1st April 2012, to provide medical services to underage, an approval and a guidance of at least one parent has been essential. A 15 year old and older have been allowed to attend medical services with a parent signed permission letter from then on. In the mentioned law, there was a condition of both parents approval to any medical services, that could have a serious and or an adverse effect on health condition or life quality of underage. However, the law hasn´t specified these services. In the area of gynaecological services provided to underage females, there is a matter in controversy concerning for example birth-control pill prescription or optional HPV vaccination. During working on my thesis, this named law was novelized and has been valid since 14th March 2013. The novel is a regress to the law statement before the medical services law adoption. It was my intention to elicit, whether the gynaecological medical services to underage accessibility has changed after the new law adoption took effect. Two questions were asked: How was the gyanecological care to underage proceeded before the new law adoption and were the adolescents accompanied by parents? What were the affects of condition needing a parent´s permission to be provided with gynaeacological medical services and did the patients have any difficulties obtaining the permission?The exploratory investigation was led in a way of qualitative research. An individual, semi-structured interview was used as a technique to collect the data. 6 female adolescents in the age of 15 and older, registered in private gynaecological-obstetric ambulance of Med.Dr. Mejchar, Pilsen, were engaged in the research. The research took place in this ambulance, too. The interviews were noted first and then overwritten to become synoptical. It is clear that before the law adoption, the patients registered for gynaecological medical services with no problems. The choice of doctor was based on recommendation of already registered patients. The permission was orally given by patients themselves. They undertook the preventive check-up, decided to get a vaccination against HPV or to start using birth-control pills. They usually attended the ambulance alone.The patients got knowledge of needing the parent permission at the moment of entering the ambulance for their check-up. They all had to attend the ambulance twice at least. At the first visit, they got the permission form to be filled by parents and to be instructed, they were not provided by any suspense medical care. According to the research, half of the patients had difficulties in gaining the permission. Those patients came of incomplete families, where one of the parents wouldn´t agree to giving the permission or wasn´t reached. On one occasion, a patient lived with both parents, however she did not receive permission from either of them. The research results confirm the necessity of changing the litigious law. The patients had difficulties obtaining the permission which led to delay in providing medical services to them. Doctors often balanced on the edge of law, with confusion in whether to insist on the permission. Paperwork increased. The thesis can be used as a source of information to laic and to professional public community. Health care providers can use the findings based on the research to improve their services.
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Numerical comparison of different choices of interface weights in the BDDC method
Čertíková, M. ; Burda, P. ; Šístek, Jakub
Balancing Domain Decomposition by Constraints (BDDC) belongs to the class of primal substructuring Domain Decomposition (DD) methods. DD methods are iterative methods successfully used in engineering to parallelize solution of large linear systems arising from discretization of second order elliptic problems. Substructuring DD methods represent an important class of DD methods. Their main idea is to divide the underlying domain into nonoverlapping subdomains and solvemany relatively small, local problems on subdomains instead of one large problem on the whole domain. In primal methods, it has to be specified how to distribute interface residuals among subdomains and how to obtain global, interface values of solution from local values on adjacent subdomains. Usually a weighted average is used with some simple choice of weights.
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Tourism in rural space - Case study of the Purkarec village
JOZA, Jaroslav
This thesis examines the tourism in the rural space, which can be divided into variety of categories and forms. The main aim of the thesis is above all a detailed analysis of the situation in the municipality Purkarec as a concrete part of the region České Budějovice. Moreover this thesis specifies sights and opions of local inhabitants, businessmen and experts on local tourism. To analysing the tourism in the municipality Purkarec is used the method of the decriptive case study. Data collection and information gethering about the situation in rural space of the municipality Purkarec took a place trough combinations of methods of the qualitative and quantitavie research. On the basis of the field research was discovered attitudes and opinions of particular interviewed categories. The tourism in the area of Purkarec is at the moment rising up which nevertheless doesn?t affect negatively the environment.
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Reflection of Czech-German relations in the regional periodicals in the thirties of the 20th century
BRYCHTA, Lukáš
This bachelor thesis will focus on Czech-German relations in České Budějovice region in the thirties of the 20th century. They will be observed in both the nationwide trends and regional specificities. The theoretical part will be focused on the genesis of the coexistence of Czechs and Germans till the late thirties of the 20 century, not only in social and political context of Czechoslovakia but also of neighboring Germany and its internal policies (the period of so-called Weimar Republic and Third Reich). Increased emphasis will be devoted to the naming and characterization of the major aspects of mutual ethnic antagonism. In this chapter there will also be a characteristic of České Budějovice in terms of mutual coexistence of Czech and German population and the definition of its local differences within the national development. Practical part will be devoted to a comparison of two regional periodicals, Jihočeské listy and Budweiser Zeitung, according to precisely specified political and cultural topics and categories that characterized the changes in mutual co-existence the best
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Leisure Time of Parents with Disabled Children
KROPÁČKOVÁ, Kristýna
The main thesis deals with leisure time of parents with disabled children. The chapter called Present Situation talks generally about this topic. In the six parts of this chapter are explained terms like leisure time, how specifics can influence ways of spending leisure time and the roles of another factors. All is elaborated with professional literature. The next chapter specifies the goals and research questions. The main goal of my thesis is chart of subjectively perceived satisfaction with own spending leisure time of parents with disabled children and its real quantity and quality. For fulfilment goals and answer the questions was selected qualitative research, method of halfstructured interview. The complex of asked people is comprised of 8 parents, more precisely of mothers with disabled children. The stated goals were met based on implemented interviews. It shows although the term leisure time is understood in similar way, the real ways how to spend it are greatly different, especially by the quality of family environment. Discovered results are possible to use as summary of present situation in leisure time sphere of parents with disabled children not only for the facilities which cooperate with these parents, but they're also applicable for the general public and for parents.
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Supervision in the Helping Professions
AUBRECHTOVÁ, Kateřina
In Czech literature, supervision is usually referred to as inspection or overview. Certain authors claim that supervision would not be supervision without either of them. Supervision provides an overview, which is important in solving occupational issues and monitoring the workers' quality and professionalism. The theoretical section explains the basic terms that are related to the title of the essay. It explains the word supervision, auxiliary professions, supervision and its forms, objectives, methods and a supervision contract. The text also specifies who can submit supervision, which criteria the supervisor must fulfil and the relation between the supervisor and the supervised. The essay determines supervising methods (and techniques) used in selected institutions and reveals whether and how the supervisor allows for typology of the clients with whom the institution works. It also ascertains how the supervised persons perceive the supervisors. I specified three research issues: 1. What does supervision give to the supervised? 2. Do the supervisors apply different supervising methods according to the client's typology? 3. Does the supervisor heed typology of clients that are a target group of the given institution? In the practical section of the essay, I applied a form of qualitative research with regard to the specified objectives. For collection of data, I used a research method based on queries and an associated research method of semi-structured interviews. I appended the queries with an observation method. Eighteen persons participated in the interviews. Fifteen of the supervised persons came from three different institutions (a Charity Home for Mothers with Children, a Nursing Home in Havlíčkův Brod and an Institute of Social Care in Zboží) and three persons were supervisors, one from each institution. The essay may help to improve knowledge of persons with auxiliary professions on the supervision and facilitate supervision in various institutions with regard to the clients' typologies.
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The genome size determination in sturgeons using 2-D a 3-D image cytometry.
SRP, Jiří
The genome size of evolutionary polyploid, neopolyploid and hybrid sturgeons is well known for its high variability. Aim of this study was 1) to specify the genome size of polyploid and neopolyploid sturgeons using an analysis of 2-D and 3-D images of specifically stained cells nuclei, 2) to evaluate the samples of populations for cytogenetic analysis needs and thereafter, 3) to compare both methods and record the data either for next research or for negative selection from the broodstock. This test has been done at the laboratory of molecular, cellular and quantitative genetics, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters USB in Vodňany using all sturgeons spawners and using samples obtained from some foreign fish farms which cooperated with the faculty. The samples included A. ruthenus, A. baerii, A. stellatus, A. gueldenstaedtii and Huso huso, intentionally bred hybrids of A. gueldenstaedtii (8n) x A. baerii (12n), A. baerii (8n) x A. ruthenus (4n), A. gueldenstaedtii (8n) x A. baerii (10n) a A. gueldenstaedtii (8n) x A. ruthenus (4n). As methods have been chosen image cytometry and confocal microscopy which use image digitalization and subsequently its computer analysis. The genome size was measured from the size of specifically stained nuclei of erythrocytes in specimens sampled. Result of this study was measuring the genome size in sturgeons under study using different methods, recording the obtained data, description of spatial conformation changes of cell nucleus with increasing ploidy level and deduction of impact to their physiology and comparing the methods between each other. The conclusion is necessity of another sturgeons genome size determination , choice of the best methods for more effective search and research of non-standard individuals and subsequently an examination of their physiological differences.
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Endocrine disruptors induce transgenerational alterations of the male reproductive parameters and mirna expression profiles in mouse primordial germ cells
Děd, Lukáš ; Brieno-Enríquez, M.A. ; García-López, J. ; Cárdenas, D.B. ; Guibert, S. ; Hourcade, J.de D. ; Pěknicová, Jana ; Weber, M. ; del Mazo, J.
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the embryonic precursors of the germ cell linage, which are restricted to form only sperm and oocytes following their specification from pluripotent cells. PGC precursors are specified in the epiblast around 6.25 days post coitum (dpc), and around 7.25 dpc become identifiable in a 40 cell-cluster. In the present study, we used a mouse model to evaluate the trans-generational (F1-F3) effects of vinclozolin (VCZ) administrated in two doses on male reproductive parameters. We observed decreased fertility rate, higher apoptotic rate and histopathologic alterations in adult testis, PGC number reduction, increments of PGCs apoptosis and changes in PGCs gene expression among all three generations. In the attempt to clarify the trans-generational transmition of the altered phenotypes, we performed the microRNA expression and DNA methylation analysis. We observed the significant alteration in the expression of multiple microRNA and microRNA-regulated genes which are important for PGCs specification, including LIN28, let-7 and BLIMP1. Trans-generational deregulation in the expression of factors involved in the Lin28-let-7-Blimp1 pathway can lead to specific VCZ-induced phenotype observed in our study.
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