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Community care versus nurses in primary pediatric care
VAŇKOVÁ, Soňa
Paediatricians and nurses belong to primary health care providers in the in child care while nurses have been taking over a key role in the primary health care. Their position is becoming stronger under the conditions of growing demands in the current health system. This survey was carried out as a combination of quantity and quality research. A questionnaire and an interview for nurses and parents was worked out as a major tool of the research. The survey included 102 nurses in paediatricians' offices. 112 parents and five nurses were interviewed in the range of the research work. There were six objectives set for the thesis. The first objective was to find out whether nurses in primary paediatricians' offices use nursing procedures. The hypothesis set up for the first objective was as of the following: nurses in primary paediatricians office do not use nursing procedures. This was proven on the grounds of the answers received in the survey. The second objective was to find out whether nurses keep their own nursing books and records. The second hypothesis set up was worded as of the following: Nurses in primary paediatricians' offices do not keep their own nursing records. This hypothesis was proven as well. The third objective was to find out whether nurses from primary paediatricians' offices visit families as a part of their service to families. The hypothesis for the third objective was worded as of the following: Nurses from primary pediatricians' offices visit patiens in their homes. The hypotehsis was proven on the groundsof the survey. The fourth objective was to find out whether nurses in primary paediatricians' office observe children in familes with bad socio-economic backgrounds. The hypothesis was worded as of the following: nurses observe children in familes with bad socio-economic;backgrounds. This hypothesis was proven as a fact. The fifth objective was to find out whether nurses are informed about community care. The fifth hypothesis was worded as of the following: nurses in primary paediatricians' offices are not informed about community care. This hypothesis was not proven. The sixth and the seventh objectives were to find out what the range of awareness about community care in parents' minds exists and whether parents are satisfied with nursing care provided by paediatricians and nurses. The hypotheses were worded as of the following: parents are not aware of community care and they consider paediatricians' and nurses' care substantial. The sixth hypothesis abot the range of parents' awareness of commuinity care was not proven, while the seventh hypothesis about satisfaction of nursing care by paediatricians and nurses was proven. In the frame of quality reasearch and on the grounds of four research questions two hypothese were set up. The first one is worded as of the following: Paediatric nurses in primary paediatric care consider community care as necessary and inevitable to provide a thourough care in familes with bad socio-economic backgrounds. The second one is worded as of the following. Paediatric nurses consider cooperation with nurses in other fields of the system as necessary and that eduaction towards well-being is desperately needed. Nurses should be aware of their roles within the health care system. They are no longer just nurses providing care and doers of doctors' commands. They have to learn how to operate successfully in other roles such as: managers, researchers, legislative assistants, advisors, educators and etc.
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Children´s bronchial asthma and its health social impact
JANDOVÁ, Martina
Asthma bronchiale is a common disease that affects a considerable part of population worldwide. It is the most common chronic disease of children, which represents a significant medical, social, and economic burdens, both for child affected by the disease and his/her family, and for the society as a whole. The consequences include absenteeism of children at school and parents due to necessary care of child as well as direct costs connected with therapy and preventative care. Thesis objective: The objective of my bachelor's thesis was to identify particular impacts of the disease, asthma bronchiale, upon family of a child suffering from this disease in the preschool and younger school age categories and to identify the level of information parents have about disease of their child. Hypotheses: 1) Parents have sufficient information about disease of their child. 2) Asthma bronchiale influences adversely the psychosocial situation of a child and his/her family Quantitative research approach was selected to verify the hypotheses. Data collection was performed using questionnaires handed out in pneumologist's and allergologist's office in Jindřichův Hradec. The questionnaire included 41 questions focusing on the mental and sociomedical aspects of asthma bronchiale. The target group for the questionnaire research comprised mothers, whose children are registered with these offices. The final set included 61 persons. Data collection: Results of this bachelor's thesis indicate that asthma bronchiale has a significant impact on the family from the medical, mental, economic, and social points of view. The objective of this thesis has been achieved. Results of the research performed indicate that hypotheses 1 and 2 were confirmed. Conclusion: We should be aware that asthma bronchiale is very common child's disease and it is a chronic disease with long-term risks that must not be underestimated. In the last fifty years, the prevalence of children suffering from asthma bronchiale has been on the rise constantly. Thus, an early diagnosis and a timely therapy have a positive influence upon reduction of the sickness rate, mortality, they improve the quality of life, reduce the economic costs and social burdens of patients and their families.
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Present information level of parents concerning the vaccination possibilities
ZEMAN, Jaroslav
Questions arise nowadays, whether vaccination is needless or whether there are other forms of prevention that could replace mandatory vaccination. At the same time, people undergo vaccination out of obligation and do not seek further information. On the other hand, public awareness on vaccination is rising thanks to well-known vaccination against {\dots} or {\dots} This bachelor thesis on general awareness of vaccination describes present situation in České Budějovice and Litvinovice with emphasis on mothers aged 20 to 50. Quantitative analysis served as the research method with questionnaires used as the data-collection technique. Questionnaires were placed in offices of practitioners, local Hygiene station, local municipalities and in kindergartens. The objective was to ascertain the level of awareness of vaccination in the country and in a city, namely in Litvínovice and in České Budějovice, respectively. Differences between the country and a city as well as effect of education were studied, too. My research confirmed the hypothesis of people in the country refuse to get a vaccination less frequently and do not seek to make vaccination optional, whereas people who live in cities disapprove of vaccination more often and stand out for abolition of mandatory vaccination more often. Furthermore, mothers with higher education tend to seek alternatives to vaccination as for prevention. This thesis proved that mothers are often poorly informed or their knowledge on this topic is incomplete. Parents are not aware of possibilities of financing vaccination by public health insurance. I would recommend more information brochures and more detailed coverage of this topic in media. This thesis will be directly used by medical personnel in terms of creating an information leaflet, which would answer questions raised by my research, and by public health insurance companies, who will be made improve their information and education policy on vaccination refunds .
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Types of Education
MRABET KRAJÁNKOVÁ, Nikola
My bachelor thesis deals with education, especially educational types, processes and methods to be applied in families with children. According to different authors describing and comparing types of education according to the criteria and the impact on the development of the child's personality. In addition, these types of detail describing not only in terms of their general characteristics, but also the positive and negative aspects. The historical roots of looking types of education, which until now affect the process. Then trying to create their own new typology, according to a comparison of each type of education. Finally by selected manuals describing as the ideal approach in education in families and positive factors for the formation of the child's personality. My goal is to map the different types and approaches and identify the most appropriate one for raising children to develop into a good and strong individual.
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Family and Education
STOSZKOVÁ, Denisa
This study examines the influence of family and education at nursery school and child development and it is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is divided into four chapters. The first chapter focuses on the childs natural human needs, stages of childhood, or the stage of pre-school age. The next chapter deals with the education and parenting styles, the influence of education on child behaviour. In the last chapter, which is called Kindergarten, is demonstrated the need for attendance in kindergarten, her positive or negative influence on the child, difficulties in the childs entry into kindergarten. The practical part includes research using survey methods and interview. The aim was to identify general and specific information about the family, whether parents give their children enough to spend joint leisure time, using methods and if children and parents are satisfied with the kindergarten. The research is enriched by comparison of responses of parents and childrens responses.
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Application of the Kathryn Barnard nursing care model to the physically handicapped child
STRNADOVÁ, Eva
Physical disability/physical handicap is an affection that is manifested by either temporary or permanent problems in motor diathesis of children. Physically disabled children may suffer from physical disability either from their birth or may acquire physical disability in the course of their lives. These problems may act in a negative manner on children perception and feeling and the same holds good for their near relatives. Problems come into existence in parent-physically handicapped child interrelation. The nursing model of Ms. Kathryn Barnard focuses on mutual interaction between parents and their children. In her model Ms. Kathryn Barnard points out the importance of the aforementioned parent-physically handicapped child interrelationship. On the basis of evaluation of the parent-child interactions based on three main factors: a child, mother, environment, a general child development is determined. The parent-child interaction affects a child development, child{\crq}s health, growth and development of a child. The aim of nursing care is to assist in finding a proper way of parent- physically disabled child interaction so that the nursing care may act on general development of a child in a positive manner. In this diploma work the following goal has been set: to find out and identify the most important problems existing in the parent-physically disabled child relation, and to evaluate possibilities of nursing care in solving problems arising at the parent-physically disabled child interaction. For the purpose of meeting these goals the following research questions has been established: What are the most important problems in the parent-physically handicapped child interaction? How can nursing care help in the parent-physically handicapped child interaction? What is the proper procedure for the nursing care of a physically disabled child and his/her close relatives? After carrying out research examinations the answers to the above-specified questions are as follows: 1. The most important problems lying in the parent-physically disabled child interaction are as follows: parent to reconcile himself/herself with his/her child's diagnosis, more frequent occurrence of stress situations, excessive emotional ties of the physically handicapped child with his/her nursing personnel. 2. The nurse can help by means of nursing process in an active manner solve the above-specified problems in interrelation between parent-physically handicapped children. On the basis of information having been gained by the study of professional literature and pieces of information obtained from the answers of the parents of physically disabled children a nursing documentation has been made in accordance with the Kathryn Barnard interaction model as well as nursing care standard of physically handicapped children. By finishing it both the third and fourth aims have been accomplished. Nurses providing care for physically disabled children have used the nursing documentation and it has proved useful and nursing personnel declared it satisfactory. The nursing documentation and the standard should help nurses in providing quality nursing care of physically handicapped children.
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Regional Differencies in Crime Rates of Children and Adolescents ( A Teplice - České Budějovice Comparison)
ROŠLAPILOVÁ, Jana
Regional differencies in crime rates of children and adolescents (a Teplice {--} České Budějovice comparison) Abstract This problem of crime rates of children and adolescents is very actual in these days, we can read about it also in scientific literuture or magazines. Important is also the lowering age of first time alkohol and drug users. In my project I firstly summarized the most important topic that are connected with this problem such as basis terms, causes and structure of criminality and typical traits of crime rates of children and adolescents and others. Based on the study of specialized literature there are two hypotheses that have been suggested: H1) The criminal activities of children and adolescents young people are in Teplice often than in České Budějovice. H2) The boys commite crimes more than girls. Based on the analysis of datas provided by police statistics and self-report survey the structure and development of criminal activities of children and young people in two Czech regions was analysed. Inference is determined at the conclusion of this work. Current internet sources and available printed literature sources were used by setting the practical and the theoretical parts of this bachelor work. The work could help like a point of view to the general problem of deliquency children and young people and it also could provide basic information about criminal activities children and young people in these two Czech regions {--} Teplice and České Budějovice.
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Preventive educational programme for children and youth with negative behaviour
VEISOVÁ, Miroslava
How the statistics indicate the number of children with behaviour disorders is growing. If each tenth child with these problems attended specific institutions ten years ago, today it´s nearly each fourth child. The grow of aggressiveness is typical for all our society, not otherwise it is at children. For that reason I concentred the research not only on findings of infant population´s experience with privation´s behaviour but also on family´s attitude towards these problems. Last but not least I judged utilisation rate of preventive programmes provided by the educational facilities.
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Societal perception of children raised in infants´nursing homes and children´s homes
ŠEVČÍKOVÁ, Zuzana
My diploma thesis titled Societal perception of children raised in infants nursing homes and children homes is research focused. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part in its first chapter addresses infant institutes. The second chapter deals with children homes their categorization and covers the disadvantages of children{\crq}s homes. The following chapter is concentrated on the associations that provide help to the children from children's homes. Further, we mention the Instruction of the Ministry of Health for running of the infant institutes and children's homes for children under three years of age. Furthermore, attention is focused at groups of children that are placed in constitutional care, their characteristics and the arguments for their placing in the constitutional care. In the next part, the roles of representatives of children, inanition syndrome information, aims and purposes of the constitutional care, living conditions in these institutions and the volunteers providing help to children in such circumstances are mentioned. Next chapters discuss the existing care types of forsaken children and spare-family care system problems. Later, the constitutional care in the Czech Republic is compared to the Great Britain model. At the end of the theoretical part, we analyze the options of further dwelling and integration of the individuals. The target of this work was to determine the perception of the children from infant institutes and children{\crq}s homes by the society. In our hypotheses we anticipated that the society does not sufficient information regarding the children from infant institutes and the children's homes and that male and female opinion are different. We assumed in our other hypothesis that the society anticipates that these children are future delinquents and that the opinion of younger people were different from those of older people. We used a method of questionnaire to confirm or reject the determined hypotheses. The questionnaire consists of 19 questions. 120 questionnaires were distributed with a 100% return rate. Conclusion of the thesis comprises findings from both the theoretical and practical parts.
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