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Study of the local structure of binary surfaces by electron diffraction (XPS, LEED)
Gereová, Katarína ; Matolín, Vladimír (advisor) ; Pavluch, Jiří (referee)
Study of local structure of binary surface with usage of ultra-thin film of cerium deposited on a Pd (111) single-crystal surface is presented. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and diffraction (XPS, XPD), angle resolved UV photoemission spectroscopy (ARUPS) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED) was used for our investigations. LEED and X-ray excited photoemission intensities results represent a surface-geometrical structure. As well, mapping of ultra-violet photoelectron intensities as a function of emission angles is used for a band mapping and an electronic structure determination.
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Study of influence of the substrate temperature on the structure of epitaxial tungsten oxide layers
Pavlíková, Romana ; Mašek, Karel (advisor) ; Veltruská, Kateřina (referee)
Purpose of this thesis is a study of substrate temperature influence on structure, chemical composition and morphology of tungsten oxide thin films prepared by oxidation of a tungsten single crystal W(110) using a radio frequency plasma source. Thin film's parameters were observed by RHEED, XPS, AFM snad SEM. The substrate was oxidized at room temperature (RT) and at temperatures of 400ř C, 500ř C and 550ř C. In the first and the second case, produced thin films were amorphous and epitaxial structure was obtained by recrystallization. At the temperature of 500ř C, an epitaxial thin film was produced directly. After further heating at the temperature of 550ř C we got polycrystalline thin film without orientation of the crystal grains. All the epitaxial thin films had (111) crystallographic plane parallel to substrate surface. The tungsten oxide layers grew with relatively hight surface roughness in the order of several nanometers.
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Ontogeny of exaggerated structures in dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae)
Žídek, Radim ; Hanus, Robert (referee) ; Šípek, Petr (advisor)
E n g l i s h a b s t r a c t Horns of scarab beetles represent a secondary sexual characters present mostly in males, to whom they serve as weapons in combats over the acces to females. In many species, two discrete male forms occur, "horned" and "hornless", which employ different reproductive strategies. Adult body size and horn morphology are determined by nutritional conditions encountered by larvae during their development. Switching between developmental pathways is accomplished by circulating levels of juvenile hormone (JH) which reflect body size, and genetically determined threshold of sensitivity to it. When body size is larger then threshold, horn growth occur, whereas if it's not, a brief pulse of ecdysone reprogramme the development and hornless adult emerge. Reprogramming the development encompass modifications of the insulin receptor pathway as well as changes in exact domains of genes expression envolved in specifying the proximodistal axis of the developing horn. Development of horns is morphologically reminiscent that of other insect appendages, with which it shares the expression of genes wingless, decapentaplegic, Distal-less, dachshund, homothorax, aristaless and EGFR, parts of gene regulatory network ensuring origin of the outgrowth of the cuticle. Some of them are expressed through...
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Incompressible fiscous flow at viscous velocities in interaction with a vibrating profile NACA 0012
Honzátko, R. ; Horáček, Jaromír ; Kozel, Karel
The work presents numerical solution of the interaction of 2D incompressible viscous flow and a freely vibrating profile NACA 0012 with large amplitudes. The upstream flow velocities are consider in the range 5-40 m/s. The profile has two degrees of freedom. It can rotate around an elastic axis and oscillate in the vertical direction. Its motion is described by two nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Fourth-order Runge-Kutta method is used to solve these equations numerically. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equations represent the mathematical model of the laminar viscous flow. Numerical schemes of the FVM are applied on a structured Quadrilateral C-mesh. The method of artificial compressibility and dual-time stepping method is employed for numerical simulations. Deformations of the computational domain are treated using the ALE method. Numerical simulations of the profile motion are performed for the case solved earlier by the FE method, and the results are in good agreement.
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Protein Domains Prediction
Valenta, Martin ; Martínek, Tomáš (referee) ; Burgetová, Ivana (advisor)
The work is focused on the area of the proteins and their domains. It also briefly describes gathering methods of the protein´s structure at the various levels of the hierarchy. This is followed by examining of existing tools for protein´s domains prediction and databases consisting of domain´s information. In the next part of the work selected representatives of prediction methods are introduced. These methods work with the information about the internal structure of the molecule or the amino acid sequence. The appropriate chapter outlines applied procedure of domains´ boundaries prediction. The prediction is derived from the primary structure of the protein, using a neural network The implemented procedure and its possibility of further development in the related thesis are introduced at the conclusion of this work.
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Cloning, expression and characterization of human serine racemase mutants
Nováková, Ilona ; Brynda, Jiří (referee) ; Konvalinka, Jan (advisor)
AAbbssttrraacctt Human serine racemase (hSR) is a cytosolic pyridoxal-5'-phosphate dependent enzyme localized in the central nervous system. It synthesizes D-serine, which is an endogenous coagonist for the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and plays a key role in excitatory neurotransmission in the brain. Thus, human serine racemase is a promising target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases connected with NMDA receptors. However, few specific inhibitors have been identified to date and the crystal structure of hSR has become available only very recently. We decided to perform a random mutagenesis to determine the amino acid residues critical for the enzyme activity. Ser 84 was reported as a catalytic residue along with Lys 56. After analysis of a double mutant S84G/P111L which retained its capability to convert L-serine to pyruvate, we prepared and characterized the single mutant S84G in order to exclude potential effect of the P111L mutation.on the activity of the analyzed enzyme. KKeeyy wwoorrddss:: D-serine; Serine racemase; PLP-dependent enzymes; Random mutagenesis; Racemases
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Novel photonic stuctures for integrated optics
Čtyroký, Jiří
Two perspective construction principles of modern integrated-optical circuits are briefly described: systems based on microresonators as basic building blocks, and integrated-optic structures utilising two-dimensional photonic crystals in optical waveguides. Both approaches are nowadays in the centre of attention of leading research laboratories for their pertinent potential of mass production of integrated-optical structure for junctions and terminals of high-capacity optical communication systems.
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