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The use watercourses and waterbodies within an urbanised countryside area
Šímová, Jana ; Kročová,, Šárka (referee) ; Polešáková, Marie (referee) ; Urbášková, Hana (referee) ; Kopáčik, Gabriel (advisor)
Water is an integral part of our life and waterways and areas were and still are an essential part of the public space of our cities and municipalities. We can find public space in every seat and we meet with the water on many of them. The water in public spaces appears in a different form. Whether these are minor elements, such as fountains, drinking water features, or larger water flows and water area. The water in the public space has its indispensable role. It is well known that its presence has a great impact on the well-being of man. Despite the fact that water is really important in the Interior of human settlements, over the years, water has disappeared on many places from public spaces, due to the technical development and development of settlements. The development of human settlements and public spaces takes place constantly from the time they were established. In recent years, the viewpoint of their importance is significantly changing and lot of the seats are aware of their value. The public space is like a living room of the city, thus a representative place. That´s why, the reconstructions of public space are quite often in recent years with use of water elements. The phenomenon of water surfaces is a factor which affecting the sustainable development and quality of life. Public space is not only an important functional element in the big cities. It has a great importance for smaller municipalities too. And just on them the thesis is focused. Their public space is often neglected. As well as water features in the surrounding area, which are uncared-for or extinct. Water in the form of water courses or water bodies have a great potential, in which a lot of possibilities is hidden, with which you can work in the urbanized areas. The goal of this thesis is to find a new role for the watercourses and water areas to be integrated into public space and public space, thanks to this, become a representative and functional part of the village once again.
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Preparation of revitalization study for small water course
KULICH, Petr
The aim of this thesis is to prepare a design for the revitalization measures of Biřkovský stream including a design for polders "Karlovka and Niva". The designed measures should protect the village Biřkov from flash floods and enhance further increase of both water management and ecological stability of the basin. The solution is based on the assessment of hydrological, pedological, hydrogeological and vegetation docementation as well as the results of a detailed field survey of the area which is also reported in this thesis.
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Response of selected rivers of the Bohemian Massif to lithological and structural conditions
Flašar, Jan ; Nývlt, Daniel (advisor) ; Kalvoda, Jan (referee)
Three groups of streams were selected in the area of the Bohemian Massif: the Berounka river with its source streams; the Vltava river with its tributaries the Malše and the Lužnice; the Labe river with its tributaries the Cidlina, the Bystřice and the Javorka. The lithological and tectonical influences to several parameters of the streams were studied. These parameters include: stream gradient, orientation of the stream and sinuosity of the stream. Data were obtained from digital elevation models, aerial photographs, topographical and geological maps. The longitudinal profiles of the streams (in the combination with geological cross-sections), the SL indexes and the gradient/sinuosity graphs were created on the basis of the obtained data. These tools were used for evaluation of the influence of lithology and the tectonics to the streams. The evolution of the streams and the stream-groups was evaluated and compared as well. A strong influence of lithology on the stream gradient was found on most of the analysed streams. The tectonic situation, on the contrary, had strong influence on the orientation of the streams, especially in the resistant rocks. Also, there were selected areas, where was a higher probability of quaternary vertical movements influencing the streams (mountainous areas of the Novohradské...
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The impact of agricultural and anthropogenic activities on Lhotický and Vitický stream in the watershed of the river Želivka
Jakešová, Helena ; Charvátová, Helena (advisor) ; Petrů, Anita (referee)
Every small watercourse is part of the balance in nature. Human activity affects the quality and the physico chemical composition of water. Man is changing riverbeds and hydrological conditions of the environment. This bachelor thesis evaluates the chemical composition of experimental flows of the Lhotický stream and the Vitický stream of the Želivka river basin in the Křemešník Highlands. Doing field research, monitoring and evaluating the results of water samples is carried out to find the influence of human activities on the quality and composition of water. The area is anthropogenically influenced mainly by sewage water in the municipalities where sewage treatment plants are missing. Agricultural activity causes contamination along the entire length of the flow. The streams do not have a treated bed, overflowing is possible in numerous floodplains, the impact of pollution is mitigated by riparian vegetation.The monitored indicators rank the experimental flows into the lowest class. In the area, maintaining a healthy ecosystem is possible.
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Historical and future development of water features on sites affeted by mining in North-West Bohemia braun coal basin.
Vodrážka, Václav ; Hendrychová, Markéta (advisor) ; Martin, Martin (referee)
The work is focused on the development of water bodies in the area disturbed by lignite mining in the North Bohemian brown coal basin and Sokolov. In the last century there was destruction of the landscape and thus the disturbance of the water régime due to lignite mining. The transition from underground mining to surface mining of lignite caused the extinction of villages, roads, railways, land and greenery. Water surfaces are dried and water streams converted into new artificial troughs. Currently people try to cover up the consequences of interference with the natural landscape by restoration, creation and environmental protection. This effort is realized through land reclamation. Addressed are primarily water reclamation, evaluation of water components changes in different time periods in the and significance of these changes for the landscape, which we are going to leave to future generations.
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Possibilities for bioindication of the surface water status using freshwater bivalves’ shells with focus on the morphological variability of Unio crassus
Zuzáková, Hana ; Douda, Karel (advisor) ; Matasová, Klára (referee)
Possibilities for bioindication of the surface water status using freshwater bivalves shells with focus on the morphological variability of Unio crassus
Summary
This bachelor thesis present a review of scientific literature dealing with the possibilities for bioindication by freshwater mussels of the family Unionidea. In it practical part, it is about the variability of freshwater mussel Unio crassus, whose shells were collected from 10 streams in Poland, Bulgaria and Romania. Specifically, shells from 357 U. crassus individuals were measured by classical morphometric method. This analysis confirmed findings from literature where are mentioned most common size of shells (40- 70 mm of length). Using residual values of the relationship between shell length and width and between shell length and the thickness the shell shapes were compared between individuals and the watersheds with the use of basic statistical methods, scatterplots and boxplots.
The result is a significant value for different flows, their differences are only in the few millimeter variance. For a substantial variation in shapes were made GIS analysis for each river. To describe the catchment area were delineated buffers in the size of square root lengths of streams, in which was to determine land-use and their percentage and surface representation. Land-use categories were characterized by Corine Land Cover classes. Identified categories in studied areas include total afforestation total artificially built-up areas, agricultural and water areas.
The resulting statistics of land use were compared and evaluated in relation to the shape characteristics of U. crassus and enabled the determination of species plasticity and variability which is capable, despite their demands and the need for high quality waters, live in diverse environmental conditions. Despite the limited set of population tested, study documents that typical environmental conditions for U. crassus are unpolluted areas with a high percentage of afforestation, the average representation of agricultural land, and the lowest representation of any built-up areas and industrial application in the nearby stream.
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Vodní prvky v krajině
Petruchová, Jana
This paper discusses the sources of water in the landscape, divides water features according to various methodologies and describes their nature and functions. It also deals primarily with the development of water loss from the landscape in our country and shows the history and problems of regulating rivers. It points out the consequences of these activities, discusses the historical and current measures - restoration and renaturation of watercourses and the return water back into the landscape. It also discusses the historical development of the country with regard to the aquatic. The case study deals with a model water feature - Bečva river from the source to the mouth. It describes interesting gravel flow. It analyzes the problematic sections of the river and above all the consequences that left a flood in 1997, when there was a change in the morphology of the river bed. At these new locations carried successional development of plant communities and soil creates a new profile. The author's thesis deals with these sites, especially ripping shores and gravel benches on Bečva in Osek. The paper describes the concept of river flood protection of the Bečva river, technical proposals and revitalization . The author evaluates these studies. It also shows the differences regulated and refolded channel.
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