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Hodnocení výživy a metabolismu dojnic na základě výsledků vyšetření bazénových a individuálních vzorků mléka
Dubová, Kateřina
The thesis objective was to evaluate the results of bulk milk samples and individual milk samples taken during the performance control of dairy cows over one year, correlation analysis of mutual relationships between milk examined parameters and correlation analysis of milk composition and the temperature values. Next objective was to compare results of performance control between first-calvers and the dairy cows on the second and higher lactation and also use of results of milk samples to determine dairy cow health problems. The evaluation of nutrition and metabolism from bulk milk samples and the individual milk samples for the period from 4/2016 to 3/2017 was conducted in the ZD Dušejov. There are 480 dairy cows of Holstein at present. Comparison of bulk and individual milk samples results revealed the most important difference in the number of somatic cells (12 %) and urea (18 %). The differences are minimal for the other parameters. Based on the statistical comparison of individual samples, the first-calvers lower milk yield (17.2 %), than the cows on the second and higher lactation (P < 0.001), was found. In the early stages of lactation of first-calvers, there were recorded lower milk fat and higher lactose concentrations. The fact that the first-calvers have a healthier mammary gland shows the difference (P < 0.001) in the number of somatic cells. From the correlation of components of individual milk samples the closest relationship between the fat and the lactose/fat ratio (r = 0.95) and the relationship of citric acid to acetone (r = 0.76) was found. The most significant negative correlation was found between the milk yield and the day of lactation (r = -0.65) and milk fat (r = -0.57). Monitoring showed that the temperature affected the fat, protein (r = -0.88) and lactose concentration (r = -0.80). By the temperature rises, the risk of ketoses increases. This is confirmed by the results of relationship between the temperature and acetone and bethahydroxybutyrate concentrations (r = 0.87 and 0.85). Based on the use of fat/protein ratio as a suitable indicator of the effect of nutrition on the metabolism, it has been found that nearly half of the herd is threatened by the rumen acidosis. The rising risk of acidosis increases the number of mastitis treatments (r = 0.72; P < 0,01) and the incidence of inflamation the hoof (r = 0.45), which isn 't conclusive for low number of variables. Ketosis, according to the results of individual samples, is risk for average of 5 % of the herd. The positive correlation between the occurrence of placental retention and ketosis (r = 0.82; P < 0.01), was found.
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Ekonomické vyhodnocení výroby mléka na příkladu konkrétního podniku
Lekešová, Jana
The efficient production should be a priority for every agriculture enterprise with animal husbandry. The bachelor thesis focuses on economic evaluation of milk production by an example of a particular enterprise on Zlin region. The enterprise which handles with the herd of about 400 Holstyn milk cows, is situated in the village of Vlcnov. Simultaneously, the enterprise comes under the group of Navos, a.s., which is the member of Agrofert. The thesis concentrates on the evaluation of milk production by the means of its efficiency or loss-making. The thesis is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part focuses on the agriculture in the economic system agribusiness and on financial factors which influence its monetization and on the condition of milk cows. The practical part applies the indicators which provide information about economic activities od the enterprise. Although the costs of milk procution have been increasing year by year, the enterprise evinces positive figures.
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Analýza reprodukční užitkovosti prasnic ve vybraném chovu
Hajátková, Iveta
The aim of this diploma thesis was to analyze reproductive performance of sows in the selected breed. In this breed, data was collected in the year 2016 and early 2017. The basic statistical characteristics were monitored for the number of all pigs born, the number of live births and the number of weaned piglets evaluated for the influence of litter rank and the influence of the boar used. The test data was tested by paired t-test. The total number of sows with reproductive parameters was number 63. The number of live piglets in the monitored period was 12.9 pieces / litter. The indicator of the number of weaned piglets was 11.9 pieces / litter. The highest average number of live-born piglets was 36 for boar, but for the change had the highest piglet losses against other boars. The litter's influences on the number of live-born piglets was 12.8 pieces / litter in the 2nd litter and in the 3rd litter 13.5 pieces / litter, this difference was statistically significant. It follows that the highest average number of live piglets in litter rank was reached on the third litter order.
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Dojivost a kvalita mléka krav
Hamr, Tomáš
The bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of milk yield and milk quality. In general, the composition of milk, its quality and the process of milk recovery from milking to final processing in dairies are characterized. There are also various factors that influence milk yield, both biological and economic. There is also a light introduction to the dairy industry on the world market and a detailed description of the Czech dairy industry. Part of the observation of the Czech milk market is, for example, import export, total milk consumption of the population, development in the manufacturing industry or vision for the future.
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Zhodnocení užitkovosti a ekonomické situace ve vybraném chovu prasat
Dvořáková, Eliška
The bachelor thesis analyzes the current situation in selected pig breeding. First, the theoretical part concerning pig breeding is elaborated. In particular, the importance of breeding is described here. Furthermore, the current situation in this area is evaluated and analyzed, both in terms of utility and economics. This section is discussed in more detail and describes the reproduction and production indicators divided into external and internal factors that influence them. From the economic point of view, the total number of pigs in the Czech Republic and the overall economic evaluation are described. Subsequently, a specific pig farm is described. In the practical part is monitored the operation and functioning of pig breeding. Then a SWOT analysis is elaborated on the basis of which possible optimization solutions are proposed.
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Využití pícnin ve výživě kura domácího
Anderle, Vojtěch
The aim of the study was to determine nutrient quality of chosen green fodders, to find amount of consumed green fodder and to find the effect of these consumption on chicken performance and carcass quality. In laying hens the aim was to evaluate the effect of feeding green fodders and different ways of their conservation on hens’ performance and egg quality. To fulfill the aims six experiments was carried out. In the first experiment the content of AMEn, apparent ileal digestibility of crude protein and amino acids in clover and rye grass in chicken was estimated. In the second and third experiment the effect of green fodders consumption on chicken performance and carcass quality was observed. In the fourth experiment with chicken free range with pasture was used. In the fifth and sixth the experiments the effect of different green fodders and their conservation on laying hens performance and egg quality were observed.
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Komplexní zhodnocení živočišné výroby v zemědělském podniku s ohledem na ekonomiku výživy a odchovu jednotlivých kategorií skotu
JANATA, Martin
In the diploma thesis on the complex evaluation of livestock production in the farm with regard to the nutrition and rearing economy of individual categories of cattle, a theoretical and practical part was elaborated. The work was carried out in the company JINOS - AGRO s.r.o., which has animal production focused on breeding Holstein cattle and milk production. The theoretical part of the thesis deals generally with cattle breeding, economy of cattle breeding, animal welfare, bulky feed and compound feed. In the practical part I evaluated the analysis of large feeds, composition and price of feed ration, rearing of individual groups of cattle, milk yield, milk price development and breeding economy. The data obtained in 2014-2018 were evaluated in the thesis.
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Chov prasat plemene bílé ušlechtilé v České republice
ROHÁČEK, Daniel
The goal of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the results that have been provided by the Czech Association of Pig Breeders regarding productivity of Czech Large White breed. For the ob-served period of 1999-2017, the intention was to compile the tables that would summarize the number of litters, number of born piglets in one litter (all vs. live born), number of piglets sur-viving 21 days, weight of piglets after 21 days, and average time between 2 litters. The source materials and the used literature clearly indicate that the swine production in the Czech Republic is shrinking. Swine breeders are closing their production due to instable price of pork meat. The number of sows decreased by 177 755 between 1999 and 2017. As a con-sequence, the number of litters declined as well. On the other hand, this impact is compensa-ted by permanently shortening time distance between two consecutive litters, which currently stands at 156 days. This logically results to increasing number of litters per sow, now amoun-ting to 2.4 per year. Effective breeding also leads to increasing number of piglets in one litter. In 2017, one sow brought in average 14.8 piglets in a litter, of which 13.4 live born. Also the number of successfully bred piglets is growing thanks to improving technologies and better trained pers onnel, having reached 11.7 piglets per litter in 2017. Sows of Czech Large White breed deliver increasing lactescence, as the weight of a litter after 21 days grew in the obser-ved period by 13.4 kg to 69.1 kg. In the next part of the thesis, analysis is made for field tests and results of the unified test, both supplemented by tables and charts. For the observed period, the goal also was to evaluate the average daily weight gain, the percentage share of muscle mass, and the average thickness of saddle fat in mm of both sows and boars. It was found out that the Czech Large White breed had an excellent meat utilization. The share of lean muscle is increasing continuously - in 2017 it reached 63.6 % for boars and 63 % for sows. The vast majority of supplied pigs was classified into the highest-quality categories. The final part of the thesis contains the list of farms that were certified for breeding the Czech Large White breed in 1999 - 2017. The number of such farms was growing until it rea-ched 24 in 2001 and 2002. However, after subsequent decline there was only 6 such farms in 2017.
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Složení a kvalita objemných krmiv ve vztahu k ekonomice výroby mléka
JANATA, Martin
The theoretical and practical part was elaborated in the bachelor work on the composition and quality of bulky feedingstuffs in relation to the milk production economy. I worked at JINOS - AGRO with limited liability company, which is engaged in breeding of Holstein cattle. The theoretical part deals generally with breeding of dairy cattle, welfar of animals, milk, lactation, bulk and nuclear feed. In the practical part, I evaluated the annual yields, the composition of feed rations, the analysis of maize silage, the analysis of clover-grass silage and their influence on the performance of dairy cows. At the end of the work I made an economic evaluation of the milk production in the selected company. The work evaluated the data, which were obtained in 2014 - 2016.
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Zhodnocení reprodukce a vlastní užitkovosti v nukleovém chovu přeštického černostrakatého plemene
JANEČKOVÁ, Blanka
The main objective of the thesis was to evaluate the reproductive utility and the achieved parameters of its own utility of the nucleus herd reared on the farm in Mladotice. The detected results have been compared with the average of the Prestice black-pied breed population. The attention has been paid to the lines of the boar representation. The number of all born piglets, the alive born ones and the weaned ones has been regarded during reproductive qualities assessment. The average daily growth, the muscle proportion and the back fat height have been evaluated while assessing the own utility. The origin of the Prestice black-pied breed with the following regeneration process with the assistance of Mirgorod, Liven, Cornwall, Berkshire, Wessex and German saddleback breeds, which contributed to the resistance of the Prestice black-pied breed, has been described in the literature review. The improvement process followed after the regeneration, especially by using Pietrain, Hampshire and Landrase breeds. The characteristics of the Prestice breed with reference to its tilted ear and typical black-pied coloring without body parts defining have been elaborated. Furthermore, the utility, the population development in the last five years and the preservation of the breed as a genetic resource have been described there. In the thesis the own utility of the Prestice black-pied breed of the nucleus herd reared on the Mladotice farm has been evaluated that does not reach breeding goal. The Akoga line is the best line considering its own utility. The reproductive utility has been evaluated as excellent. The Wiskont line has the best results. Statistically significant differences have been found among the lines considering both its own utility and reproduction.
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