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High energy density plasma - induced transformations of early planetary atmospheres and their impact on early global climate
Kaiserová, Tereza ; Ferus, Martin (advisor) ; Šponerová, Judit E. (referee)
The goal of this bachelor thesis is to explore one of possible solutions to faint young Sun paradox, namely greenhouse effect incurred by increased concentration of N2O induced due to high energy plasma of meteorite impact. The series of experiments were done to simulate early Earth atmosphere under the effect of impact. The results of experiments were evaluated by infrared spectroscopy. It was found that under the right circumstances, concentrations of N2O created by impacts go from 5 to 38 ppm, which is concentration high enough to resolve faint young Sun paradox. Results presented in this thesis lead us to new path of solving the faint young Sun paradox and offer many important information for prebiotic chemistry on early Earth.
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Influence of the physical therapy on the pelvic floor rehabilitation
Podskalská, Patricie ; Hurt, Karel (advisor) ; Slámová, Adéla (referee)
OF BACHELORS THESIS Name, surname: Patricie Podskalská Supervisor: MUDr. Karel Hurt DrSc. Opponent: Title of bachelor thesis: Influece of physical therapy on the pelvic floor rehabilitation Abstract of bachelors thesis: The topic of this bachelor thesis is an influence of a physical therapy on the pelvic floor rehabilitation. The thesis consists of a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part first describes problems related to pelvic floor dysfunction and continues with the summary of the most important parts of the examination, which are performed in case of suspicion of a pelvic floor musculature disorder. In the last chapter of the theoretical part the thesis discusses individual possibilities of the physical therapy and its effects on pelvic floor muscles. The practical part consists of two case reports of patients diagnosed with a chronic pelvic pain. The patients were treated with a shock wave therapy. A subjective evaluation of pain NRS (numeric rating scale) was used to evaluate the efficiency of the therapy. The aim of the thesis is to collect informations about the pelvic floor dysfunction and particular types of physical therapy used for its treatment. Key words: pelvic floor, pelvic floor dysfunction, shock wave, magnetic stimulation, electrical stimulation
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Specifications of the Ansys Fluent Solution Solver for low pressures in EREM
Šimík, Marcel ; Bílek, Michal (referee) ; Maxa, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis is focused on electron microscopy which issue is discussed at the beginning of work. The main attention is dedicated to the Environmental electron microscope, especially the differentially pumped chamber, which the thesis deals with. There is a production of an experimental chamber for analysis of shock waves on going therefore main goal of this thesis was to analyze the flow pattern in this chamber. Using the Ansys Fluent program, simulations of the characteristic flow that arises from the pumping of the vacuum chambers namely the ultrasonic flow at low pressures on which the most suitable turbulent module was applied as well as the degree of discretization was performed. The final analysis of this flow pattern is primarily focused on the localization of the shock wave which experimental evidence is to be lodged by shadow optical method as a part of the new concept of the chamber. The basis for the simulation of the chamber was taken over by Dr. Danilatos, with which the results were compared.
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Stress-strain analysis of the thin wall structure subjected to impact load
Tatalák, Adam ; Peč, Michal (referee) ; Návrat, Tomáš (advisor)
This master thesis deals with stress-strain analysis of simplified model of the thin wall transformer case subjected to impact load of electrical blast. Electrical blast is replaced by chemical blast (detonation of high explosive). The problem is solved using computational modeling utilizing the Finite Element Method (FEM) and LS-DYNA solver. After the introduction where detonation and shock wave propagation is explained the analytical approach is presented. This approach serves to results verification. In the next chapter is conducted research of applicable methods from which ALE method is chosen. In preliminary study is performed the mesh size analysis that is focused on finding the size of element which is both computational effective and gives accurate results. Next the infulence of input conditions (shape, location and parametres of high explosive, location of detonation point, boundary conditions) on distribution and time progress of pressure is investigated. Then influence of the opening on upper side of the case on overall pressure redistribution and strain and stress of the case is analysed. The stress-strain analysis of the case´s door which are connected to case by various types of contact models is performed as well as stiffness analysis of these types of contact.
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Launching and Operating Issues of Supersonic Business Jet
Kincová, Daniela ; Veselý, Petr (referee) ; Šošovička, Róbert (advisor)
Tato práce se zabývá problematikou zavedení a provozu nadzvukových business jetů. V dnešní době se v civilní letecké přepravě, po ukončení provozu Concordu, žádná nadzvuková letadla nevyskytují. V dnešní době existuje mnoho projektů a organizací, které se zabývají znovuzavedením nadzvukových letounů do civilního letectví a soustředí se převážně na business jety. Hlavní otázkou je, zda je vůbec vhodné, či rozumné se k tomu typu dopravy znovu vracet. Existuje hodně problémů, které toto komplikují. Tyto letouny způsobují příliš velký hluk, mají obrovskou spotřebu paliva a musí řešit nadměrné emise, létají ve vysokých výškách ve kterých může docházet k problémům s přetlakováním kabiny, navigací, radioaktivním zářením apod. Navíc zákaz supersonických letů nad pevninou letové cesty omezuje a prodlužuje. Současně vznikající projekty navíc nedosahují tak velkého doletu jako klasické moderní bussjety, což způsobuje, že se nadzvukové business jety se na delších tratích stávají neefektivní. I přes tyto problémy, je víceméně jisté, že k zavedení nadzvukových business jetů dojde během následujících 10 - 15 let, i kdyby to měla být jen otázka jisté prestiže velmi bohatých lidí.
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Analysis of the supersonic flow of gas in the differentially pumped chamber EREM
Matloch, Roman ; Vyroubal, Petr (referee) ; Maxa, Jiří (advisor)
This work describes briefly electron microscopy issue and physical model of fluid flow. Then presented diploma thesis will be describing analysis and evaluation of the impact of supersonic flow on the pressure and density in the path of the primary electron beam in the differential pumping chamber. For analysis, evaluation and examination of the issue will be used CAD and CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) programs. At the same time it will be developed a methodology of calculation applicable to supersonic flow in the low pressure system at ANSYS CFX.
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On Parameters of Shock Waves in Saturated Steam
Nový, A. ; Jícha, D. ; Šafařík, Pavel ; Hajšman, M.
The paper deals with theoretical and numerical study of shock wave parameters in saturated steam. Theoretical approach is based on mass, momentum and energy balance equations. An iterative procedure for solution of state parameters is derived. Numerical solution of steam parameters is performed by means of the iterative procedure using the IAPWS-IF97 water and steam thermodynamic properties. Results are presented and compared with results obtained from ideal gas theory.
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The use of a shock wave in the physiotherapy
NOVÁK, Jan
Except a few scientific studies there is not yet enough available literature, written in Czech language, which would summarize theoretical information on the effects of shock wave therapy. In my thesis I tried to clarify physical conditions associated with emergence and specific spread of shock waves in various media and other physical principles which explain behavior and effects of shock waves passing through different types of tissues. From the results of expert studies and articles I made a survey of the most common possibilities of use of shock waves in medicine - especially in physiotherapy. In the practical part I evaluate the effects and course of shockwave therapy in three randomly selected patients diagnosed with epicondylitis radialis humeri (tennis elbow). Patients were treated by a series of applications of radial shock waves, when one session amounted to 1500 - 2000 shocks of varying frequency of 4-21 Hz and the pneumatic pressure of 2 - 3.2 bar. The results show that the patient may respond differently to shockwave therapy. Due to the fact that in a relatively small research sample quite disparate results have been recorded - the first patient significantly improved, the second improved slightly and the third got worse on the contrary - we can better understand the diversity of opinions of the professional public on the meaningfulness of the shock waves use in orthopedic diagnoses. For the practical part the method of qualitative research was chosen. Interview techniques, observations, case reports, data analysis and research were used. The research was conducted in the rehabilitation centre OLMA R + in České Budějovice and Rehabilitation Department of Polyclinic South MEDIPONT Ltd. in the time period from January to April 2012.
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Dynamics of cavitation induced by focused tandem shock waves in water
Hoffer, Petr ; Šunka, Pavel ; Lukeš, Petr
Cavitation associated with the generation of shock waves in water was examined. To study these processes, a tandem shock wave generator, which generates two cylindrical pressure waves focused by a metallic parabolic reflector to a common focal region, was developed. The temporal evolution of cavitation generated by shock waves at the focal region was determined experimentally using high-temporal-resolution microphotography for a certain time delay between the first and second shock waves. Observation of the focal area also showed jetting cavitation bubbles with diameters of 100 m without presence of any rigid boundary. A theoretical model that provides analytical expressions for the temporal evolution of the pressure inside the cavitation bubbles and parameters of the pressure waveform of the second shock wave at the focal area was used to improve the same measurement by PVDF sensor gauges. On the basis of this model, the amplitudes of the compression and rarefaction parts
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