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The mineral content of forage influenced by previous varying intensity grazing
Pavlů, Klára ; Homolka, Petr (advisor) ; Filip, Filip (referee)
The mineral content of grassland is one of the key factors that determine its quality. The aim of the study was to determine the optimal interval for the grazing and the optimal interval for the hay harvest in relation to the nutrient requirements for cattle and determine the dynamics of pasture forage yield and mineral content during the growing season. H0: Previous different grazing intensity has no effect on biomass yield and the mineral content in the following growing season. The experiment was performed on a long term grazing experiment in 2012 -- 2013, where during the growing season biomass samples were taken and subsequently analyzed for minerals (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na). The sampling was carried out in treatments that have been since 1998 at the beginning of June mowed and then intensively or extensively grazed. During the sampling period the access of grazed animals to sampling sites was forbidden. Intensive or extensive grazing in the previous grazing season significantly affected the content of minerals and biomass yields. Especially at the beginning of the growing season the contents of N, Ca and Mg were higher in forage, which was in previous years, intensively grazed. After that, the differences between these two treatments were not significant. Diverse grassland with a higher proportion of herbs contained higher levels of calcium and magnesium. Because of lower K concentrations and higher Ca and Mg concentrations in the fodder there was no problem with tetanus ratio (K/Ca + Mg) by exceeding the limit value of 2.2. The present work shows that the optimal term for hay in mesophilic upland grassland the end of May to mid-June. In this time historically the first cut was conducted. After this period there are revealed such changes in the content of minerals, which significantly deteriorate the forage quality. Therefore, if the first cut after mid-June is postponed then compensatory payments under environmental schemes should progressively compensate financially losses
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Business Plan
Dupal, Ivo ; Císařová, Miluše (referee) ; Vaškovičová, Jana (advisor)
In my master’s thesis I deal with a business plan which concentrates on creating a hay-making company. In the thesis are determined production plan and the mission of the company. The work also contents company’s goals in different areas and calculation of break-even point, as well as estimated financial performance of the company.
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Processing overview of machine lines used for harvesting and post-treatment forage for energy focusing on southwestern Bohemia
SOUKUP, Lukáš
This bachelor paper deals with an overview of machine lines processing straw and hay, which is used for energy purposes, from areas difficult to harvest. The theoretical part describes the terms such as biomass, harvest of hay and straw, and machine lines for harvesting hay and straw. Further the fundamental principles of pelletizing and briquetting lines are described. In the practical part selected machine lines for hay and straw harvest, which are used for the production of shaped fuel, are stated. The next part treats the machine lines for the production of shaped fuels (briquettes, pellets) suitable for enterprises of agricultural primary production. Furthermore, the part above is complemented by technical data and capital costs of purchase of particular machine lines.
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Comparison of forage wagons Krone Titan R80/GL PÖTTINGER FARO 8000 and at harvest hay and straw.
MACHURA, Antonín
The aim of this bachelor thesis is a comparsion of two forage wagons KRONE TITAN R 80/GL and PÖTTINGER FARO 8000 and their efficiency in the harvesting hay and straw. It describes the problems at harvesting hay and straw with forage wagons. It also evaluates the lenght of chopped straws form the point of real and teoretical lenght, beyond teoretical lenght extend 7% of straws. It determines basic effectiveness, that range from 19 to 22 , and also fixed and variable costs of harvest. The total costs of one harvest with tractor and forage wagon fluctuate between 1500 and 1800 . This work is based on authors own measurement and on the informations obtained from owner of this equipment and agriculture and food normative.
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The application of the process of high-pressure hydrolysis with nitric acid at the production of biogas from hay
VANĚK, Zbyněk
This thesis deals with the technology of the high pressure hydrolysis with nitric acid (HNO3) in biogass production from the hay. The theoretical part is focused on the basic information about the acid hydrolisis. Much attention is ingaged in the lignocellulosic materials and methods of their treatment.The hay was crushed, pelleted and subsequently subjected the acid hydrolysis in the high-pressure hydrolyzer (UV CZ 21314) at pressures (0,475 MPa, 0,934 MPa, 1,611 MPa). As the hydrolysis reagent was used highly concentrated (65%) nitric acid (HNO3). The pressure was achieved in the hydrolyzer by the steam in temparature of 190°C, the residence time of the phytomass in the machine was 500s. Based on the mapping process with wide CO2 production were selected the interesting areas, which were subsequently carried out detailed mapping process using batch simulations at CH4 production. After the mathematical interpolation of the maxima the values were used in the economic analysis, that fully respects the technological possibilities and legislative constraints.
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Guest Collector Car Jumbo forage at harvest.
VOJÍK, Petr
The content of this work is primarily a description of the collector car business Pőttinger. In addition, the Glossary topic in the literature we can learn something about the forage, harvest, and last but not least about their income. There are also counted two sets of performance. These kits are a John Deere 7920 tractor with a collector car Pőttinger 7200 L and John Deere 8320 tractor with a collector car Pőttinger 8000 L. The work is complemented by a simple analysis of investment and operating costs.
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