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Mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of spinal cord injury
Dubišová, Jana ; Kubinová, Šárka (advisor) ; Hock, Miroslav (referee)
Poranenie miechy a jeho terapia pomocou mezenchymálnych kmeňových buniek Abstract Patients with serious spinal cord injury (SCI) have a little chance of a full return to their original life. This kind of injuries leaves lifelong consequences as on the patients themselves, as well as their surroundings and family. Considerable financial resources are, worldwide, granted for reintegratation of these patients into society. This work focuses on the description of spinal cord injury, its complexity and the possibility of treatment by new therapeutic methods of mesenchymal cells. The first section discusses the severity of spinal cord injury and its pathophysiology with the performance of subsequent clinical phases. The second part is dedicated to new treatment methods and approaches, with an emphasis on cell therapy. The third part presents treatment method using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, such as their ability to migration to the injured area and the possibility of genetic modification, made them a great candidates for the treatment of serious injuries. Keywords Spinal cord injury, stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, cell therapy, regenerative medicine
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Polymeric nanofibrous scaffolds reinforced with diamond and ceramic nanoparticles for bone tissue engineering
Bačáková, Lucie ; Pařízek, Martin ; Staňková, Ľubica ; Novotná, Katarína ; Douglas, T.E.L. ; Brady, M. A. ; Kromka, Alexander ; Potocký, Štěpán ; Stránská, D.
Three types of nanofibrous scaffolds were prepared by electrospining: (1) poly(lactide-co-glycoside) (PLGA) scaffolds reinforced with 23 wt.% of diamond nanoparticles (DNPs), (2) poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) scaffolds with DNPs in concentration ranging from from 0.4 wt.% to 12.3 wt.%, and (3) PLLA scaffolds with 5 wt.% or 15 wt.% of hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles. The diameter of the nanofibers ranged between 160 and 729 nm. The nanofibers with nanoparticles were thicker and the void spaces among them were smaller. Mechanical properties of the nanoparticle-loaded scaffolds were better, as demonstrated by a rupture test in scaffolds with DNPs and by a creep behavior test in scaffolds with HAp. On PLGA scaffolds with DNPs, the human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells adhered in similar numbers and grew with similar kinetics as on pure PLGA scaffolds. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells grew faster and reached higher population densities on PLGA-DNP scaffolds. However, on PLLA-based scaffolds, the activity of mitochondrial enzymes and concentration of osteocalcin in MG-63 cells decreased with increasing DNP concentration. On the other hand, the metabolic activity of MG-63 cells and content of osteocalcin in these cells were positively correlated with the HAp concentration in PLLA scaffolds. Thus, PLGA nanofibers with 23 wt% of DNPs and PLLA nanofibers with 5 and particularly 15 wt.% of HAp seem to be promising for bone tissue engineering.
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