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Fyzika oscilací neutrin na experimentu NOvA
Nosek, Tomáš ; Soustružník, Karel (advisor) ; Roskovec, Bedřich (referee)
This thesis goes into the physics of neutrino oscillations and into possibility of measuring some of its parameters in the NOνA experiment: the mass hierarchy determination, whether there is a CP violation in neutrino oscillations, or the value of mixing angles θ13 and θ23 in particular. The standard formalism of 3 neutrinos model is summarized and the effect of matter to neutrino propagation through space is clarified. It is explained how to get information on yet unknown oscillation parameters. Using analytical approximations expected probabilities of muon to electron neutrino oscillation in NOνA configuration are calculated for different combinations of the mass hierarchy, CP violation, or angles that could be realized in nature. Main features of the NOνA experiment, its sensitivity and basic character of the results that can be obtained are described.
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Zdroj monoenergetických elektronů pro monitorování spektrometru v neutrinovém experimentu KATRIN
Slezák, Martin ; Vénos, Drahoslav (advisor) ; Vorobel, Vít (referee)
The international project KATRIN (KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino experiment) is a next- generation tritium beta decay experiment. It is designed to measure the electron antineutrino mass by means of a unique electron spectrometer with sensitivity of 0.2 eV/c2 . This is an improvement of one order of magnitude over the last results. Important part of the measurement will rest in continuous precise monitoring of high voltage of the KATRIN main spectrometer. The monitoring will be done by means of conversion electrons emitted from a solid source based on 83 Rb decay. Properties of several of these sources are studied in this thesis by means of the semiconductor gamma-ray spectroscopy. Firstly, measurement of precise energy of the 9.4 keV nuclear transition observed in 83 Rb decay, from which the energy of conversion electrons is derived, is reported. Secondly, measurement of activity distribution of the solid sources by means of the Timepix detector is described. Finally, a report on measurement of retention of 83 Rb decay product, the isomeric state 83m Kr, in the solid sources is given.
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Systematic effect - angular distribution of tritium beta-particles in the KATRIN experiment
Vénos, Drahoslav ; Kašpar, Jaromír
The aim of the KATRIN project is to measure mass of the electron antineutrino with sensitivy at sub-electronvolt level. The experiment is based on the investigation of the electron spectrum of the beta-decay of tritium just at the beta-endpoint region. In this experiment the tritium cooled to low temperature is placed in the magnetic field of several tesla which causes weak but nonzero orientation of tritium nuclei and as the consequence, non-isotropic, on energy dependent, distribution of the beta-electrons.
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