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Vývoj pěstování máku setého (Papaver somniferum L.) na území České republiky
Petrželová, Lenka
The objective of this thesis was to summarize present knowledge of opium poppy cultivation in the Czech Republic. There are described the biological characteristics and poppy growing technologies. The first chapter is devoted to the origin and biological characterization of opium poppy. The growing areas and poppy agro techniques cultivators are discussed in the second charter. Other chapters are dedicated to legislative and economic sides of the problem. The main diseases and poppy pests are mentioned in final chapters of this thesis. Current problems of poppy cultivation in the Czech Republic are pointed out in the whole thesis.
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Účinek aplikace vybraných forem selenu na výnos a kvalitu máku (Papaver somniferum L)
Hajátková, Iveta
Selenium belongs to important mineral nutrients in terms of animal and human diet. Insufficient amount of this element in diet has been a worldwide problem. The study objective was to determine the effect of its foliar application on the poppy yield (Papaver somniferum L) and its content within the seed. The test was based on a pot experiment. Selenium was applied as a foliar feeding in minerals form of selenate and selenite in dosages of 20 and 40 g Se/ha. Foliar applications with selenium had no effect on plant weight and the poppy yield. The application of selenium proved to increase the weight of 1000 seeds and the selenium content within the poppy seed. The effect of foliar application of selenate on the Se content within the poppy seed compared to fertilization with selenite was higher ranging from 40 to 50%. The form of selenate with increased rate of application increased the content of selenium in the seed of the poppy 1.19 times and in the form of selenite 1.11 times against the lower of the applied dose. The combination of positive influence in production parameters and the most significant increase of Se content within poppy seeds suggests that the most appropriate application is 40 g Se/ha in form of selenate.
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Vliv aplikace cytokininů na výnos a kvalitu máku
Tajšl, Pavel
In this thesis the effect of foliar application of cytokinin to yield and qualitative parameters of poppy was observed. For the experimental part, two one-year experiments were conducted - small-plot experiment and pot experiment. Small-plot experiment had been designed in four variants: control, application of cytokinin in stage of beginning of upgrowth (BBCH 30) and stage before flowering (BBCH 61). Cytokininins were applicated in ratio of 2,75 g/ha. The inorganic plant analysis conducted after an application of cytokinins in BBCH 30 is due to their effect on the increase in dry matter to the impact of the increase in consumption of nutrients by plants. Cytokinins affected the branching poppy, which led to an increase in the number of capsules in the first variant (BBCH 30) of 11.5%, for the second variant (BBCH 61) of 46.2%. That resulted in increase of yield of 1.7, respectively 4.9 %, but not significantly. Yield closely correlated with the number of capsules, but not significantly Pot experiment in Mitscherlich's doses was designed in four variants: 1. control without application of cytokinins, 2. and 3. variant with application in stage BBCH 35, respectively BBCH 61 and 4. with double treatment (BBCH 35 + BBCH 61). The ration corresponded to 2.75 g cytokinin / ha in the 2. and 3. variants and 5.5 g / ha with split application in variant 4. It was observed the significant influence of cytokinins on yield of seed. While at variant with uniform doses of cytokinin seed production increased by 0.7 %, respectively 4.4 %, double application significantly reduced the yield by more than 50%. The HTS, the number and size of poppies contributed to yield. There was no observed effect of the application of cytokinins on the oil content in the poppy seeds.
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Fortifikace máku (Papaver somniferum L) selenem
Tobek, Ladislav
Selenium is one of essential elements for the human body. A possibility of its addition to our food is to consume fortificated crops. Subject of this thesis was to study the effect of foliar application of selenium in poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) to its concentration in plants, in seeds and to seed yield. The reason for fortification was to increase the concentration of this element in seeds with an impact on its production. In one-year small-plot experiment was selenium applied in the form of Na2SeO3 in four doses (25, 50, 100 and 200 g.ha-1). Foliar application of selenium had a positive impact on increase of its concentration in plant dry matter. In contrary, there was a decrease of dry matter weight per plant. Application of selenium negatively affected uptake of nitrogen by plants of poppy. Selenium fortification increased seed yield up to 13,8 % (doses 25 a 50 g.ha-1), which wasn't statistically significant. As qualitative parameter was discovered an increase of selenium concentration in seeds. Due to reduced yield at the high doses, it seems that most appropriate dose of foliar application of selenium is 50 g.ha-1.
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