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Personalization of Politics in the Czech Republic: Analysis of Manifestations of Personalization in the Electoral Process
Fričová, Magdaléna ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Kučera, František (referee)
The thesis deals with the subject of personalization of politics, the phenomenon that has recently become more and more topical. The process of personalization lies in reinforcement of focus on individual political actors at the expense of the collective ones. In the political system, we can observe personalization on three levels: in the institutional arrangement, in the way politics is perceived by citizens as well as its presentation by media. This process affects both the political parties (change in their organizational structure) and the political system in general (change in the character of mandate, the fragmentation of party system or the weakening of the control of individuals in power). The main topic of the thesis is personalization of politics in the frame of electoral systems through which the process can be encouraged or slowed down. On the background of theory of voting systems, the first part of the thesis analyses the development of Czech electoral system and chosen proposals of electoral reforms with focus on their impact on personalization of vote. The second part analyses outcome of parliamentary elections, namely the use and the impact of preferential voting. Last of all, fragmentation of the party system as a display of personalization is assessed, based on the Laakso-Taagepera index. Conclusions of the analysis confirm the personalization trend -- we can see an effort to personalize the vote from the part of political elites as well as the positive response to this trend from voters.
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Reform of the electoral system in Ukraine 1990-2012
Lakei, Iryna ; Prorok, Vladimír (advisor) ; Lupták, Milan (referee)
This thesis is focused on analyzing the reforms of the electoral system in Ukraine, during the period from gaining independence to the present. The main goal is to determine the reasons of the electoral reforms, and which political entities have become initiators of those changes in case of (non) existence inherent factors. The hypothesis of the thesis is whether political entities sought to maintain or strengthen its position in the Parliament, rather than contribute to the improvement of the electoral process.
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Causes and consequences of electoral reform: the case study of Greece
Durdisová, Marcela ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Kuta, Martin (referee)
The winners of the election have the ability to adjust the rules of the game to their advantage, although they risk the negative reaction of the voters. This thesis will focus on electoral reforms in Greece since 1974 and their impact on political and party system. Thesis will examine the development and characteristics of the Greek party system since political parties create electoral system and therefore approach to reform electoral rules. Concurrently, the work will answer why the election winners were interested in creating a one-party government through the electoral system with the absolute majority of seats in the parliament. The work will analyze individual mechanisms and functioning of electoral systems and their impact on the nature of the political system in the country.
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The electoral system in the Parliament of the Czech Republic and its possible revision
TENKL, Miroslav
This bachelor work deals in the beginning part with the basic theoretical definition and classification of electoral systems. In the next part there is the detailed analysis of the development of the electoral system in Czech countries from the first half of 19TH century until today. The last part focus on the analysis of current electoral rules and their influence on the potential of new originated governments and their potential to do a coalition. It presents also the suggestions of political parties for doing a new reform of the electoral system nowadays.
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