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Caring for a child with a cochlear implant in the home environment.
LOVĚTÍNSKÁ, Michala
Cochlear implants have been used in the Czech Republic since 1993. The cochlear implant gives deaf individuals the opportunity to receive auditory sensations. Cochlear implantation is a procedure where the implant is inserted under the skin and connected to a series of electrodes that are inserted into the cochlea. This procedure is performed by a surgeon which is specializes in ear, nose and throat. After long - term rehabilitation, the individual is able to understand spoken language and can even make phone calls without reading. With a cochlear implant, most users canintegrate into main stream society, among the normal hearing population. Children go to mainstream school, play sports, and communicate with others, all with out the use of sign language. Cochlear implants are currently operated in the Czech Republic at the Motol Hospital in Prague, the St. Anne's Hospital in Brno and the Ostrava Hospital. The first aim was to find out and describe how the child experiences the cochlear implant fitting, the second aim was to find out what problems parents perceive after fitting the cochlear implant in a child, and the third aim was to find out what barriers parents perceive in caring for a child with cochlear implant. The research investigation was carried out by qualitative research, using the method of semi-structured interview. The research sample consisted of ten adult informants, specifically parents, and five child informants. Parents and children come from different regions of the Czech Republic. The interviews took place from February to March 2023. Subsequently, all responses from the interviews with parents of children with cochlear implants users were listed. The results of the responses are divided into categories and their subcategories. The analysis of the results shows that the perception of the cochlear implant is different in children. The research found a fourth group of children who react to the first programming by crying. It was found that the child's experience of CI programming can be influenced by parents. As such, barriers to caring for a child with a cochlear implant have not been identified. Rather, parents perceived shortcomings of the cochlear implant, such as the speech processor slipping off the child's head, difficulty in obtaining a helmet, and perceived sweat as a deficiency with CI. The results show that children's perception of cochlear implant fitting is very individual, depending on many factors. Parents can influence the child's perception by training individual sounds in the home environment. Problems following cochlear implant programming in a child should be minimal, with a chech-up by a clinical engineer. The difficulties perceived by parents in caring for a child with a cochlear implant do not come out as prominently as CI deficiencies. It is very important to treat the child individually. Each child has different characteristics and abilities. From the results of the research investigation, we want to provide comprehensive information for parents of children who experience hearing loss or deafness in their child, and their possible solution is a cochlear implant. The results of the bachelor thesis were presented before an expert jury at the student competition of the ZSF JČU in České Budějovice. Furthermore, the results will be published in a professional journal for nurses.
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The possibilities of home care from the perspective of nurses and the general public
PEŇÁSOVÁ, Petra
This bachelor thesis is focused on the awareness of nurses and the general public about the services of home health care agencies. The work is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part includes the issue of home care and the characteristics of the role of nurses in home care. The results obtained in the research investigation are processed and evaluated in the practical part. Four objectives have been chosen for the bachelor thesis which focus on the awareness of nurses and the general public about the possibilities of home care. The research part was divided into four groups. First two groups were focused on nurses, where nurses from inpatient sectors were in the first group of respondents and nurses from outpatient sectors were in the second group. The other two groups were aimed at the general public, with the third group of respondents being the general public and the fourth group being clients currently treated by a home care agency. To meet the objectives, a semi-structured interview was chosen which included eighteen questions for nurses and twelve questions for patients. It is evident from the results focused on the group of nurses, that only nurses who are directly involved in the process, have detailed information about home care options. Furthermore, in the inpatient wards, nurses perceives lack of time and unresolved contractual relations with insurance companies as major barriers in the process of referring clients to home care agencies. From the results aimed at a group of the general public who have never personally encountered the service, awareness is very marginal. In contrast, clients treated by a home care agency have a greater awareness. Submitted thesis provides a better understanding of home care, identifies gaps in awareness among nurses and the general public, highlights the problems encountered during the collaboration between the home care agency and the referring facility.
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The physical handling of the patient with self-sufficiency impairment in home care.
ZAVADILOVÁ, Leona
The Bachelor thesis deals with the physical handling of a patient with a self-sufficiency disorder in home care. It defines physical handling as part of everyday nursing care. It presents the care of patients with self-sufficiency impairment in rehabilitation treatment using the kinaesthetic concept and handling aids. Unskilled handling carries risks that can negatively influence the physical and psychological well-being of all involved. The aim of the study was to investigate the use of handling aids in home care when physically handling a patient with impaired self-sufficiency. The research questions focused on the handling aids available to home caregivers and the complications of physical handling. The implementation of qualitative research using a semi-structured interview method with eight home care nurses provided information on the handling aids used as well as complications of physical handling in the home care setting. Five categories were created by categorizing the data using the pencil-paper method. Research shows that information for safe handling is provided to the patient's family by the nurse. Caregivers use a positioning mat for care. Very important, but sometimes unavailable, in home care is the reclining bed. Physical handling then becomes risky. Nurses do not use a slide sheet. Two of them do not know the aid at all. Complications of physical handling that occur to nurses and patients include musculoskeletal or skin injuries. The results of the research show the need to popularize the topic of safe physical handling. A leaflet has been produced for agencies involved in physical handling research. Another way to prevent the risk factors of physical handling in home care and to make it safe for the patient and the caregiver are courses and conferences with theoretical and practical content on safe physical handling for professionals and lay people.
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Community Approaches to health care during and after crisis situation
KUČEROVÁ, Barbora
This thesis deals with issues of community care with regard to community health care during and after emergencies. The theoretical part aims to introduce the general topic of community care. The first chapters of this thesis are dedicated to community care and utilization of community nursing care, including the history and development of community care in the Czech Republic as well as outside its territory. The thesis further provides a summary of institutions, health and social services within community care, including the possibility of home care. It also deals with the role of community nurses and their involvement in the process of community planning. Another important part of this thesis is the issue of emergencies where the term "emergency" is defined, and divisions of emergencies and the cooperation of integrated response system are described. The thesis furthermore concentrates on the procedures of the ambulance service during emergencies including emergencies with polytrauma and the subsequent treatment in health-care facilities. One of the goals of this thesis is to describe the role of medics during emergencies and the role they play in caring for patients coming from different communities. Further chapters deal with specific community health care: elderly people, children, people with disabilities, groups of different cultures - ethnic and national minorities. It also deals with the specifics of providing health care from the point of view of religion. The practical part is dedicated to quantitative survey of knowledge of medics in issues of community health care across different levels of education and different ranks. A research question was determined: What is the understanding and professional level of medics in the community care setting during and after an emergency? The respondent data was obtained in the form of a questionnaire and results are shown in diagrams. The questionnaires aimed to find out whether the respondents had ever heard the term "community care" and to find out their theoretical knowledge on this issue. However, the main point was to evaluate how vast is their practical experience.
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Nurse in home care during the Covid-19 pandemic
HESSOVÁ, Johana
The aim of the thesis was to determine the situation of the home care nurses during Covid-19 pandemic and their ability to take care of their patients. The influence of the government restrictions on the home care nurses is covered as well. There is a practical part that consists of 12 interviews, out of which 10 are with the nurses and 2 with the directly affected patients. The interview was done either face to face or by phone depending on the working schedule or distant location of the interviewees. The research was done in depth using "the deep interview technique" questions that allow the best qualitative results. The questions were pre-prepared. The overall result showed that despite the difficult situations, the nurses were able to unite and provide to their patients the best care possible. The occupation of the home care nurse is truly challenging, not only physically but also mentally. This thesis allows us to understand the duties, needs and feelings of the nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic. The nurses were working very hard, carefully and with precision as they were dealing with the most vulnerable group of individuals that they wanted to protect and do not expose to any risks. We are reffering to the senior population. Many times the home care nurses are their only social link and connection with the outside world.
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Nursing care for patients after amputation of the lower limbs in the home environment
RŮŽIČKOVÁ, Karolína
My bachelor thesis deals with nursing care in patients after amputation of lower limbs in the home environment. The main objective of the thesis was to describe the provided nursing care in patients after amputation of the lower limb in the home environment, to find out the cooperation of nurses and family members in these patients and how nurses evaluate self-sufficiency in patients after amputation of the lower limb in the home environment. In order to meet these goals, we have chosen the following research questions. What nursing care do nurses provide to patients after lower limb amputation in the home environment? How do nurses providing nursing care in a home environment to patients after lower limb amputation cooperate with their family members? How do nurses providing nursing care in the home environment evaluate patients after amputation of the lower limb their self-sufficiency? The research was carried out using qualitative research, specifically in the form of a semi-structured interview. The research sample was consisted of 10 respondents. The selected respondents were nurses from home care agencies of the South Bohemian Region, caring, among other things, for patients after amputation of the lower limb. Based on a research investigation, we found that nursing care provided in the home environment of an amputated patient is almost no different from nursing care provided in a hospital facility. Nurses focus on very similar activities such as wound dressings and stump bandaging. For some nurses working in home care, psychological support for the patient also played an important role in the provision of nursing care. The results also showed that cooperation between nurses and family members is largely effective. The family took care of its amputated family member primarily as part of personal hygiene and eating or provides daily assistance with walking and movement. Not only in the hospital, but also in the home environment, nurses evaluated the self-sufficiency of amputated patients. Thanks to the research investigation, we have revealed that some nurses evaluate self-sufficiency according to evaluation scales, for some the mobility of the amputated patient is essential or they take into account the general condition of the patient.
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The impact of the pandemic on the work of nurses in home care agencies
PAĎOURKOVÁ, Aneta
Current situation: Nurses working in home care agencies take care of clients in their natural home environment and are an integral part of healthcare. Their system of work was affected by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Nurses had to adhere to many extraordinary precautions and rules to prevent the spread of this infectious disease, whilst ensuring the ongoing care of their clients. It is important to note that the work of home care nurses was classified as a frontline service during the fight against the pandemic. Objectives: 1. To find out how home care agency nurses provided nursing care to their clients during the pandemic. 2. To determine the impact of the pandemic on the work of home care agency nurses. 3. To find out what crisis situations the nurses from home care agencies encountered during the pandemic. Methodology: The research part of the bachelor thesis was effected through qualitative research - asking questions. The data collection technique was semi-structured interviews. The obtained data were analyzed by applying the pencil and paper method, open coding. Five categories and 14 subcategories have been created on the basis of the data analysis. Research group: The research group consisted of 10 nurses working in 4 selected home care agencies in the Region of South Bohemia. Results of the work: The results show the influence of the covid-19 pandemic on the work of nurses in home care agencies during the pandemic. Particularly affected were the organization of the work and home visits. The nurses provided nursing care to the clients in the same way as before the pandemic, with the only difference being they wore personal protective equipment. From their subjective point of view, the care provided was of as high a standard as before the pandemic. The nurses also faced several specific crisis situations. Use in practice: The results can be used by non-medical students as well as practitioners of the nursing profession.
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Evaluation of the availability and quality of hospice home care in the area of Jindřichův Hradec´s region from the perspective of patients and nurses
ŠABOUKOVÁ, Alžběta
The bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of hospice services in the selected area of Jindřichův Hradec, with a focus on the roles of nurses in field hospice services, the coverage of these services and the behavior of employers in supporting the mental health of nurses in hospice care. Palliative care in field forms is a developing sector of global health with an expected rise. In the theoretical part of the thesis, issues related to hospice and palliative care, such as its history and present, legislative framework and financing, are explained. The thesis aims to clarify how the roles of nurses differ in hospice care provided by a home care agency and in a multidisciplinary mobile hospice group, to further analyze the structure of palliative care provision in a selected area and to describe the activities of providers to work with the mental health of their employees. In the practical part of the work, research was carried out using qualitative method of using semi-structured interviews. A total of 14 respondents participated in the research from groups of nurses, managers of palliative services in the selected area and caregivers or patients under the care of hospice providers. The results of the research revealed an overlap of the roles of nurses in both forms of hospice care. The research finds the difference in the characteristics and personality traits of nurses and the concept of care provided. The thesis presented the structure of the provision of hospice services, where research points to the insufficient availability and unprofitability of specialized services in sparsely populated areas of the selected area. The bachelor's thesis describes activities to improve the mental health of nurses in hospice services. The research finds an underestimation of these activities by home care agencies and the Czech healthcare system as a whole. The conclusions of the bachelor's thesis can serve especially for administrative authorities, providers and nurses interested in hospice care.
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Caring for a client with Alzheimer's disease from the perspective of a caregiver and family
ZÍKOVÁ, Barbora
This bachelor thesis deals with the treatment of a patient with Alzheimer's disease, both in a specialized welfare centre and in a family environment. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part is focused on Alzheimer's disease in general. All information related to the disease is mentioned in this part, stages, diagnosis, and treatment. The last chapter of the theoretical part is concerned with treatment and places emphasis on information concerning welfare services and organizations, which help affected families and gives an idea of homecare for the affected person. The aim of the practical part, in the form of an interview, was to find out how is living with a person with Alzheimer's disease and his treatment going on.
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Comprehensive nursing care of the patient with gallbladder disease from perspective of nurse and patient
HLINŠŤÁKOVÁ, Lucie
This bachelor thesis deals with comprehensive nursing care for patients with gallbladder diseases. The aim of the work was to find out how not only the patient but also the nurse looks at preoperative and postoperative care. Four objectives were set in the work, as the first "Map the comprehensive preoperative preparation before gallbladder surgery in the surgical department from the nurse's point of view." after the gallbladder surgery in the surgical ward from the nurse's point of view." And fourth "Map postoperative care after gallbladder surgery in the surgical ward from the patient's perspective." A qualitative research survey using a semi-structured interview technique was chosen for data collection. The research group consisted of patients who underwent gallbladder surgery and nurses working in the surgical department. It turned out that patients do not really perceive the preoperative sequence of nursing care, but rather follow the instructions of nurses. Further investigation has shown that all patients know the principles they must follow after discharge from the hospital (diet, wound care, rehabilitation), which testifies to the quality education of nurses. The results for nurses show that nurses know the principles of preoperative and postoperative care. The results of the research pointed to the insufficient psychological support of the patient by the nurses. The nurses perceive this problem, which according to them is related to the lack of staff and thus also the time per patient. The bachelor's thesis, as a recommendation for practice, showed that it is necessary to create a time reserve in the work of nurses so that they can also focus on the psychological support of patients.
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