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Study of behavior of vacuum insulation panels based on hybride core insulators
Zelenka, Jakub ; Plachý,, Jan (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
The theoretical part of the thesis covers a literature search on the topic of vacuum insulations, their composition and the possibility of replacing the used materials with natural ones. Furthermore, the theoretical part focuses on the application of vacuum insulation in the construction industry and in other areas of use. On the basis of the conducted research, the design of hybrid core insulators based on natural secondary raw materials was carried out, which could be used as a partial or complete replacement of already used materials.
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Sludge Utilisation from Pulp and Paper Plant
Zemanová, Kateřina ; Houdková, Lucie (referee) ; Boráň, Jaroslav (advisor)
The contens of diploma thesis is description of paper and pulp production and analysis of contemporary problems with disposal of sludges rising on industrial waste water treatment plant. Accent is focuses on description of waste water treatment technique, characteristics of rising sludge and the ways of his liquidation in particular plant for pulp production. Fundamental part of this project is evaluation of power and economics balance of current sludge technology in company Biocel Paskov a.s. and suggested sludge management technology. Balances are based on data gained from measurement in laboratory and on data gained from literary research.
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The optimalization of clay building components
Melichar, Jindřich ; Šiler, Pavel (referee) ; Opravil, Tomáš (advisor)
Clay building components are nowadays one of the most used building materials in the world. Except easy availability and processability clay building components have also heat storage function. This master´s thesis will be considering possibilities of improving thermal and mechanic properties of these materils by additing suitable reinforcements.
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Acidobasic behavior of carboxymethylcellulose solutions
Teslíková, Ivana ; Kislinger, Jiří (referee) ; Janeček, Jiří (advisor)
This work concerns with the study of acidobasic behavior of solutions of sodium salts of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na). This behavior was investigated using acidimetric titrations of the salt solutions with potentiometric and conductometric indications. In order to determine the content of carboxylic groups in two different samples of CMC-Na (M1=90 kDa, DS1=0.7; M2=700 kDa, DS2=0.9), we employed the method of Ray von Wandruzska, originally proposed for the determination of the acidity of humic substances. The values of the degree of substitution (DS) obtained using this method correspond to the values declared by the producer. The small differences (of the order few percentage points) can be attributed to the humidity of the samples. The acidimetric titrations were performed also for solutions with different ionic strengths. There is an apparent effect of the ionic strength on the shape of titration curves; nevertheless these data were not used for any theoretical interpretation.
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Recovery of celulose from wastewater
Kobzová, Kamila ; Úterský, Michal (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor’s thesis is to point to amount of cellulose in water-waste, which manly came from people homes. Other goal is to show possibilities how to obtain this cellulose from sewage in other countries and how to use it afterward. Practical part of this thesis focuses on project which filter cellulose in sewage treatment plant in Brno-Modřice.
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Ageing of cotton fabric as determined from polymerization degree change
Flimelová, Miroslava ; Nasadil, Petr (referee) ; Kučerík, Jiří (advisor)
The degree of polymerization (DP) is the main factor which plays a role in cellulose aging. The adverse consequence of cellulose fibers aging is the deterioration of mechanical and optical properties. Viscometry is a technique which is frequently used for determination of degree of polymerization of cellulose fibers. The aim of the work was to determine the degree of polymerization of cotton fabrics and to investigate the dependence of DP on number of washing and dying. Next task was to investigate if there exists a corellation between DP and results from thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation studied by methods of thermal analysis. First, the traditional viscometry was employed to determine DP of cellulose fibers. It has been demonstrated that number of washing and dying decreases the DP. In the second part the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG) were used. DSC provided values of combustion heat and TG allowed the detail evaluation of degradation steps; obtained results were further used for correlation with DP. Methods of thermal analysis revealed differences between cotton wool and treated fabrics. Combustion heat did not show any correlation with DP. In contrast, results from TG suggested some promising correlations which could be used for the prediction of cotton fabrics DP using thermal analysis in the future.
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Immobilization of selected glycanohydrolases
Reichstädter, Marek ; Trachtová, Štěpánka (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
The theoretical part of this thesis deals with cellulolytic enzymes, their microbial producers, the possibilities of using such enzymes in the industry and how can be enzymes - not only cellulolytic - immobilized. Experimental part examines the preparations created by immobilizing various amounts of the commercially used cellulolytic complex Cellulast 1.5L onto various synthetic carriers made of polyethylene terephthalate - commercially used Sorsilen, PET carrier and glutaraldehyde-treated PET carrier. Enzyme activity of these preparations was determined by Somogyi - Nelson method by spectrophotometry. For the highest activity immobilized preparation was determined the temperature- and the pH-optimum. The difference in effects change between the free and immobilized enzyme by measuring viscosity decrease of the substrate depending on the degradation of glycosidic bonds was also studied.
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Manipulator of pack
Raba, Milan ; Čermák, Jan (referee) ; Brandejs, Jan (advisor)
This work is about construcion of a manipulator to be used in paper manufacturing. The manipulator is desinged to turn a package of cellulose placed on a roller conveyor. Turning of the package is necessary for unwrapping and cleaness control of cellulose. Design was made based on analytical calculation and was verified using computer simulation. Pneumatic valves and an electric motor were utilized in the manipulator. The manipulator operates automatically.
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Plants polysaccharides and their importance in food production
Klanicová, Barbora ; Illková, Kateřina (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
Some findings about plant polysaccharides, their characteristics and structures, modifications, changes, their biosynthases, isolationes and primarily their importance in food-stuff industry are the subject matter of this review. Because of their modifications and because of the significant role they play in food-processing industry it is focused on starch and cellulose. For better understanding of whole meaning it was necessary to attend to the theme from the initiation – mainly the cell structure and then syntheses, especially photosynthesis, ways that are monosaccharides and polysaccharides generated.
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Production of liquid biofuels by using enzymatic hydrolysis of waste paper
Roštek, Martin ; Jecha, David (referee) ; Brummer, Vladimír (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the retrieval summary of current knowledge about the process of enzymatic hydrolysis with utilization of waste paper as raw material, in order to convert it into liquid biofuels. The thesis summarizes the general knowledge of the lignocellulosic a raw materials and their resources, an overview of available hydrolysis methods for materials and fermentation technologies, and also summary of methods currently used to rise enzymatic hydrolysis process effectivity. The next section provides an overview of commercial plants which use enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials.
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