|
|
Background for the development of a methodological manual for the rafting course and education in the field of population protection and needs of Integrated Rescue System
Moulík, Jiří ; Novotný, Petr (advisor) ; Bílý, Milan (referee)
Title: Background for the development of a methodological manual for the rafting course and education in the field of population protection and needs of Integrated Rescue System Purpose: Based on the selection of sources, the gathering of information and the final sythesis of findings, the aim of this paper is to create basis for the development of a methodological manual, designed to fulfill a thematic plan for the 'Rafting and whitewater rescue aimed at the protection of population' course and for the needs of the Integrated Rescue System. Methods: The paper adopts a retrieval perspective. The main method used in the paper is the search for sources containing relevant information and the selection of the data in order to create documents, which will help with the creation of a methodical manual. This manual is to be included in the educational system of the Integrated Rescue System and will also be used for educational purposes in the field of Protection of population in the Czech Republic. Key words: rafting, technique, tactics, strokes, rescue whitewater, protection of the population, integrated rescue system
|
|
|
The development and current state of defense and protection of the population.
Hlavička, Petr ; Fiala, Miloš (advisor) ; Vilášek, Josef (referee)
Title: The development and current state of defense and protection of the population. Objectives: To describe the historical development and current state of defense and protection of the population. Methods: Consolidation of data from multiple sources and their organization in context of time period. Factual analysis of the defense and protection of the population. Results: Description of the historical development and current state of defense and protection of the population. Keywords: Legislation, Civil anti-aircraft protection, Civil defense, Civil protection, Protection of the population, Concept of protection of the population.
|
|
|
The Golden Rule of morality in everyday practice population protection
MARKVART, Petr
The aim of the bachelor thesis titled The Golden Rule of Morality in Everyday Practice of Population Protection is to ponder about the questions of rescuers' obligations within their work duties and to find out to what extent can they, in their line of work, operate with a certain amount of empathy to their surroundings, to the people, who are immediately affected by a crisis situation, whose health or even life is endangered, or who are in the danger of losing their property. I would like to use my thesis to find out, whether there are some situations in which the rescuers can encounter an inner conflict. Should they only follow the legislation, that is currently in effect, or should they sometimes follow their intuition, and especially the golden rule of morality? Can the rescuers imagine themselves in the position of the rescued and and use it to adjust their decisions? I will back my thesis with an anonymous qualitative research, in which fifteen members of the three basic rescue agencies (Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic, Police of the Czech Republic and Emergency Medial Service of the Czech Republic) have participated. The respondents were answering questions which were suitable for statistical evaluation. What can we find out from the questionnaire, and the proffesionals' answers? The questions were aimed at the proces of evacuation of civilians from flood areas and the possibility of application of the golden rule. Can we claim it necessary to define the field of population protection and the work of the individual rescue agencies of the Integrated Rescue System through legislation and observance of the current law, regulations and degrees in the area of population protection and crisis management? It is because of this legislation, that we have clearly defined procedures in various crisis situations, specifically in the area of planning, preparation and preventive measures. In spite of that fact, we will find out, whether some of the rescuers have ever followed the golden rule of morality in their line of work, or whether they can at least imagine themselves following it in some occasions (and if so, what would be the occasions). It is not my goal to use this thesis to detract from the siginificance of clearly set rules, designated procedures and orders from intervention commanders in crisis situations. The goal, that I have set for myself, is to discover how thin the line is between that which I have to do even though I might not agree with it, and that which I want to do, even if it means breaking some rules. As emerged from the research, we have a specific, embedded sense of justice and order. Are we more inclined to follow the rules and the individual given regulations, or to have a certain amount of liberty in deciding and following the golden rule? I find the topic itself highly attractive. The interconnection of the three agencies of the Integrated Rescue System may appear nonsensical at first glance. However, in this thesis, we will discover that there is, in fact, a very distinct link between them. When an intervention of the Integrated Rescue System occurs, it very often involves interaction between the firemen, paramedics and policemen on one side, and the rescued people on the other. None of the rescuers can resist feeling a certain amount of empathy towards the rescued person. What if it was me in his place? It is in this way, that the topics, at first glance so very different, interconnect into a very specific issue. I do not think there is a lot of situations in the field of population protection, in which one can follow the golden rule of morality. Certainly, the official procedures are the most effective way of work of all the agencies of the Integrated Rescue System. However, I think that there are some situations in the everyday practice of population protection, where one can, indeed, follow the golden rule of morality.
|
|
|
Modellling Consequences of Chemical Accidents
Kaup, Aleš ; Fleisig,, Petr (referee) ; Mika, Otakar Jiří (advisor)
Nowadays the number of produced chemicals is increasing very rapidly. However, technological processes are gradually improving and safety of handling chemicals is increasing. Unfortunately, even today, chemical accidents can happen. To alleviate results or to prepare for protection of humans, extensive knowledge is necessary to estimate the course of a chemical accident. One of the means of accident mitigation are modern modelling programs that will help us to clarify the implications and consequences of the course of chemical accidents. Based on the results of such modelling, different organizational and safety measures (preventive, oppressive, protective, rescue and relief character) can be taken to increase readiness for disasters and especially to reduce vulnerability of population.
|
|
|
Facilities of Civil Protection for Sheltering Persons in Permanent Shelters
Šafránek, Michal ; Doležel, Ludvík (referee) ; Svoboda, Bohuslav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the Facilities of civil protection for sheltering persons in permanent shelters. Current valid legislation for the establishment of civil protection is listed there and the concepts and terminology related to the theme of work used in text are explained. This work provides the insight into the history of civil protection in the Czech Republic. In a section the plan to set the permanent shelter to the state of preparedness is drafted, stating the policies and procedures. A proposal of documentation necessary for the handover, takeover and operation of a permanent shelter is furthermore mentioned in the bachelor thesis, including the methodology for shelter garrison activities in the conditions of city district Brno-sever.
|
|
|
Fulfilling the tasks of civil protection in the territory of the Czech Republic from the perspective of international law
ŠIMKOVÁ, Lucie
The theoretical part of the thesis explains several terms from the area of civil protection, such as civil protection, international humanitarian law, extraordinary and crisis event, and describes the historical development of civil protection in an international environment and in the territory of today's Czech Republic. The thesis also characterizes international institutions while addressing some of them, namely ICRC, UN, NATO and EU, in more detail. It describes the history, characteristics and organization structure of international institutions, as well as involvement of the North Atlantic Alliance and European Union in civil emergency planning. In terms of the Czech Republic, the thesis examines particularly how the population protection is organized in its territory. Last but not least, the thesis specifies international rules of law connected with civil protection, rules of law of the NATO addressing civil protection, rules of law of the EU addressing civil protection and Czech rules of law addressing population protection. The objective of thesis is to compare and evaluate fulfilment of tasks of the Czech and international legislation in the area of civil protection. The thesis will also serve as a study material for students of the branches "Civil Emergency Preparedness" and "Population Protection with Specialization in CBRNE" and as a supporting material for the regional authority and the authorities of municipalities with extended competence. The first section of the research part of the diploma thesis examines selected rules of law of civil protection of the Czech Republic , NATO and EU and, last but not least, Geneva Conventions. In 2013 the new Population Protection Policy for the period until 2020 with an outlook until 2030 entered into effect in the Czech Republic, based on which six areas of population protection were created. A new document of civil emergency planning of NATO is the 2014-2017 Political Guidance of CEP. Decision No. 1313/2013/EU on a Union Civil Protection Mechanism has been used as the principal document for civil protection within the EU since 1. 1. 2014. These three rules of law are the main documents used for the comparison and evaluation of fulfilment of tasks of the Czech and international legislation in this thesis and are examined in more detailed. The last of the documents mentioned in this part of the thesis are the Geneva Conventions, and the thesis examines particularly their embodiment in the Czech legal regulation. At the end of this part there is a summary table that matches Czech rules of law to international rules of law in individual areas. The rules of law of the EU and NATO constitute a superstructure above the rules of law of their Member States and cannot be directly compared; however, it is possible to determine whether the Czech rules of law comply with them. The Geneva Conventions have been embodied in the legal order of the Czech Republic, and other provisions thereof have been implemented through other Acts. As far as NATO is concerned, cooperation takes place particularly between organizations in individual cases. Cooperation and coordination between EU and Member States do not interfere in the primary responsibility for the protection of population, environment, property and cultural heritage of the Member States within their own territories. The Decision on the Mechanism also does not concern mutual rights and obligations of Member States that are embodied in bilateral or multilateral treaties in the area of civil protection. At the conclusion, the thesis proposes certain changes and amendments to the Czech rules of law, which could improve civil protection in the territory of the Czech Republic and facilitate interconnection with the international environment, which has not been working yet as it is supposed to since the new Population Protection Policy has not been in full compliance with the international rules of law.
|
|
|
Comparison of knowledge from nuclear physics for protection of inhabitants at laical and expert community
BARTOŇOVÁ, Miroslava
The primary objective of this thesis was to achieve comparison of knowledge of nuclear physics for population protection between general and professional public. This idea is based on the assumption of the possible existence of extraordinary events with occurring ionizing radiation and for this reason it is necessary to train specialists for the eventuality of these cases. These professionals should have wider knowledge of nuclear physics than general lay population. This issue has not been examined with lay and professional public yet, as well as there has been no comparison of the two listed groups. Another objective of this thesis was to structure the basics of nuclear physics for workers in civil protection training. For this purpose, the author of this work created a model of nuclear physics, reflecting the basic knowledge of nuclear physics, based on the analysis of the curricula for the IRS. The author explored the forms of studies of university program for the public protection, of members of the Fire and Rescue Service, of university study program for paramedics, of staff of the Anti-organised crime department of Police of the Czech Republic and of the Customs Administration. The analysis showed the widest expected range of knowledge at the technicians of the Chemical Service of the Fire Rescue Service of the Czech republic (the chemist), who are professionally trained in the handling of hazardous substances and ionizing radiation sources. These members have become the monitored representatives for the professional community in the survey of this thesis. Lay general public was represented by people from the social circle of the author of this work, i.e. they were an unrepresentative sample of the general public. The theory of physics curricular process was also used, the application of which served to create an alternative test from nuclear physics, which was presented to the respondents. The questionnaires were filled in by 52 technicians of the Chemical Service of the Fire Rescue Service of the Czech republic from different parts of the country and by 50 people of the lay public. It should be noted that the questionnaire was created considering the training of the technicians of the Chemical Service, in which nuclear physics has only a supporting role. One of the objectives of the thesis also included the subsequent statistical evaluation of the applied tests of the knowledge of nuclear physics. For validating mainly the non-parametric and parametric hypotheses tests were used. For the theoretical division of knowledge among professionals the existence of the Poisson distribution (the distribution of "rare" cases) was assumed and the theoretical division of investigating the general public should be close to a normal distribution. Also the difference between the knowledge of laymen and experts was investigated. To meet the defined objectives of this work three hypotheses were set, for their verification the methods of descriptive and mathematical statistics were used. Hypotheses were set as follows: H1. Theoretical distribution of knowledge among the general public will be close to normal distribution. H2. Theoretical distribution of knowledge among professionals will not have a normal distribution. H3. Comparison of knowledge in both groups by using the parametric tests will lead to the adoption of alternative hypothesis. All three defined hypotheses were verified via statistical survey and accepted positively. The test, however, does not show the ability or inability of the tested experts to carry out practical tasks associated with their profession. This thesis only aimed to discover theoretical knowledge of nuclear physics, which is based on the theoretical assumption that specialists dealing with adverse events with occurring ionizing radiation pass through a variety of specialized courses that include introduction to the theory of nuclear physics.
|
|
|
Impacts of a power outage in great food - processing companies in South Bohemia county
HÁSKOVÁ, Michaela
Indispensability of electricity in all areas of life, including industry, requires enterprises to be prepared for possible power outages, which would minimize impacts on the population. The aim of this thesis titled "Impacts of a power outage in great food - processing companies in the South Bohemia county" is to analyze possible impacts of power cuts in the awareness system of large food enterprises and to assess the effects it would have on the protection of the population when power outage occurs. To obtain the data for the thesis, I used a qualitative research in the form of structured interviews with employees of five large food enterprises, who are responsible for the given area. SWOT analyse was used to evaluate the interviews and a KARS method was used for the analysis of the most significant impacts of an electric power outage in the system of awareness of enterprises and in the protection of the population. The results of the research revealed a basic fact that electricity outage would mean an immediate interruption of production for the food enterprises in South Bohemia. None of the enterprises surveyed owns a standby electric power source, so the sustainability of the standby energy supply does not exist. This fact is alarming mainly from the point of view of the crisis management, because two of the surveyed enterprises are included in the Crises plan of South Bohemia and implement corresponding measures. An important factor influencing the current state of food enterprises awareness for electricity outage is undoubtedly the fact that there is no legislation in the Czech Republic at the moment, which would impose an obligation for food enterprises to prepare for electric power outages. To increase the awareness of the food enterprises for electricity outage, for example in the form back up power sources, would require considerable investments. I hope that this thesis will serve not only as a study material, but also will be a subject of discussion for food enterprises, presenting a model for a case of electric power outage.
|
|
|
The readiness of pupils and teachers at elementary and secondary schools in an emergency planning zones during an emergency situation at a threatening company.
KRATOCHVÍL, Zdeněk
After the Velvet Revolution in 1989, the national defence education program was terminated. Since it played an important role in the education of the population it was eventually restored in 2003 at primary and secondary schools when a general education program of national defence was introduced. The extend of the education was agreed for 6 hour per year, however, it was not clear in which school subject this matter should be addressed. Since then the government succeed in issuing several conceptual guides describing the outline of the education for both pupils and teachers. The guarantor of the program became the General Directorate of Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic, who publishes a large number of training documents. Soon after, the issue is also dealt by the civilian sector that gradually increases numbers of manuals and textbooks focusing on the theme of population protection. Consequently in 2012, they succeed in introducing a compulsory subject called "Human Protection in Emergency Situations" at pedagogical faculties. These progressive measures target to improve a teaching methods and a general education at primary and secondary schools in the area of population preparedness to deal with an emergency situations such as floods or hazardous substances leakage from threatening factories. This work focuses on a level of preparedness of students and teachers in a primary and secondary schools, which are located in areas with a thread of leakage, conflagration or possible explosions. The first theoretical part focuses on the history of a protection of a population in the world and consequently in the Czech Republic. History significantly affects this area. Therefore a considerable portion of a theoretical part has been dedicated to it. In the next section the impact of the current legislation laws to protect the population have been analysed. This analysis focuses especially on laws which are most vital for this field. Following section points out, which governmental and non-governmental institutions have the highest responsibility for the primary and secondary education, the level of population preparedness and the knowledge in the area of the studied subject. The last part of the theoretical work analyses the environment in which the sociological research had been conducted. It contains more information about schools in which the survey had been performed by means of questionnaires. The main purpose of this chapter is to point out the characteristics of the schools. Another part analyses the territory in which the schools are located, their capacity, diversity of students, especially weather there are non-Czech speaking or handicapped pupils, or within which time zone the schools are. All schools also support various extracurricular activities, and the thematic group activities. Based on my practical experience from the lectures I pre-set the level of the students and teachers? preparedness in case of extraordinary events within threatening company is low or almost unsatisfactory. Consequently, the respondents undertook 10 test questions. In the practical part of this work, the questionnaire survey was assessed both by means of statistical methods and a thorough analysis of the individual questions answered. To simplify the evaluation, statistical methods were used by means of negating hypotheses of the proposition. In other words, the level of the preparedness will be satisfactory. Subsequent evaluation of the sociological research revealed that the level is satisfactory at all schools. In general, both students and teachers achieved overall pleasing results. The results of the survey will be provided to the Fire Rescue Service of the Pardubice Region to utilize them to streamline all the activities related to the education of students of the surveyed schools.
|
|
|
The preventive education of the youth at elementary and secondary schools in the field of the protection of the population.
HERZÁN, Michal
The bachelor thesis Preventive education of young people in the field of civil protection at primary and secondary schools deals with the history of the issue, with an educational programme and with the problems of protection in exceptional circumstances at present. The practical part is based on a questionnaire research conducted among primary school pupils and secondary school students and primary and secondary school teachers examining the present state of knowledge in the field of civil protection in special conditions among students and teachers of primary and secondary schools. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate accessibility of information, use of published manuals and textbooks dealing with civil protection in special conditions, the history of education of pupils in the field of civil protection and to compare transfer of information to the teachers, to assess whether it is transferred to students to a sufficient extent. A hypothesis presumes that education of primary and secondary students in the field of civil protection is sufficient and that primary and secondary students are able to apply the obtained knowledge to real situations. The thesis is based on the methodology of comparison, transfer of information on civil protection from the Fire Rescue Department of the Czech Republic to primary and secondary students or teachers, data collection from five primary and five secondary schools in the region, from 50 students and 5 teachers from each school, and evaluation of the questionnaires based on the replies.
|
guest ::
