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National Repository of Grey Literature 11 records found  previous11 - 11  jump to record: Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Occurrence of human pharmaceuticals in the middle part of the Yangtze River. Literature rewiew compared to results from passive samplers POCIS.
 KUBATA, Michal
Occurrence of human pharmaceuticals in the middle part of the Yangtze River. Literature review compared to results from passive samplers POCIS. Pollution of water environment by pharmaceuticals is becoming a major problem in recent years. Amount of discharged pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) is continually increasing in number and volume as well. The Yangtze basin is one of the world's most populated areas and its development is still growing. The goal of this thesis is to compare results from previous studies with concentrations of pharmaceuticals which were detected in POCIS samplers. Passive samplers were deployed in 10 localities in the middle part of the Yangtze River from October 12 to October 22, 2013. Temperature of water was from 20 to 21°C. Instrumental analysis was based on LC-MS/MS method. The passive sampling method was very succesful in detecting of pharmaceuticals. Range of detected substances was 39 PPCP. In our study, the total concentration of target substances ranged from 36 to 757 ng . POCIS-1 in respektive sites. The most abundant group were antibiotics. Several studies, which were aimed to asses the presence of pharmaceuticals in the river have been made to date. Authors of cited studies detected 36 pharmaceutical compounds. Influential substances were sulfamethoxazole, carbamazepine, indomethacine and ibuprofen. Their maximal concentrations reached more than 200 ng . l-1. Methods of the previous measurements consisted in collecting samples of surface water or sediments. Detection of polar micropollutants by using passive sampling is relatively new approach. Unfortunately it is not possible to compare results from water samples with data analysed in POCIS directly. There are calculations available only for limited range of pharmaceuticals and pesticides. Moreover most sampling rates were calculated in controled laboratory conditions only. There are many factors that can influence results of the filed measurements for example water temperature, turbulence conditions, fluctuation of concentration, biochemical degradation of substances during storage, etc. Amounts of concentration are mostly influenced by dilution in the river. Presence of individual substances depends on composition of using pharmaceuticals in particular area.
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National Repository of Grey Literature : 11 records found   previous11 - 11  jump to record:
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