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The importance of the ostomy nurse for the surgical department
ZRONKOVÁ BROŽOVSKÁ, Alena
Surgical procedures of gastrointestinal diseases often lead to the creation of an ostomy. The number of clients with an ostomy is increasing as the Czech Republic ranks among the countries with the largest incidence of malignant colon disease. Health care professionals in any field can often encounter the client with a stoma. Therefore, it is essential for them to understand and manage this issue well. Nursing care of such individuals is very extensive and specialized. Nursing team usually focuses only on physical care but other problems associated with stomas are pushed aside. The only highly knowledgeable and qualified expert in this area is a stoma nurse specialist (an ostomy nurse). This thesis deals with the importance of the role of the stoma nurse specialist in the postoperative phase from the perspective of nurses from surgical departments as well as from the perspective of patients with a colostomy. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part is further divided into four chapters: colostomy, care about stoma patients, life with a colostomy, an ostomy nurse. Two objectives were determined for processing of the empirical part. We used a combination of quantitative and qualitative research to achieve our goals. The first objective was to determine whether general nurses have the knowledge to care for a client with colostomy in the postoperative phase. To obtain data for the quantitative part of the survey the method of anonymous interviews using a questionnaire, in which the research group was formed by general nurses, was selected. The survey results revealed that nurses have sufficient knowledge to treat and educate clients with a stoma. Although not all general nurses encounter colostomy patients, they widely believe the knowledge of this issue is important for the occupation of a nurse. For the quantitative part three hypotheses were selected and tested statistically. Hypothesis 1: General nurses have the knowledge to treat the client with a colostomy. It was confirmed. Hypothesis 2: General nurses have enough knowledge to educate the client with a colostomy. It was confirmed. Hypothesis 3: General nurses positively evaluate the benefits of an ostomy nurse in care for stoma patients in the postoperative phase in the surgical department. It was confirmed. The second objective was to determine the significance of the stoma nurse for clients with a colostomy. For the qualitative part of the survey the method of direct questioning by means of a semi-structured interview with open questions was chosen. The study group consisted of patients with a colostomy. For this part of the survey a research questions was specified: What is the importance of an ostomy nurse for the stoma patient in the postoperative period? We concluded that the ostomy nurse is viewed as an educator, counselor and psychological support. The ostomy nurse is the only one who can provide stoma clients with coherent and comprehensive information they need to live with a colostomy. Both groups of respondents agree that the stoma nurse is the irreplaceable specialist. Shift nurses fail to provide comprehensive care stoma patients need. An ostomy nurse needs to be a part of nursing care not only in the postoperative phase, but also in the preoperative period. There is need for closer cooperation between general nurses and the ostomy nurse. Nurses indicate their willingness to be educated in this area, while preferring seminars, lectures and conferences. The results also led us to create information material Care of the client with colostomy, as the nurses indicated that they would welcome a brief, clear, visual information material.
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Colostomy as a stigma in clients at their productive age and the role of a nurse in co-operation with these clients
GASNÁRKOVÁ, Dagmar
I chose ``Colostomy as a stigma in clients in their productive age and the task of the nurse in cooperation with these clients{\crqq} as the topic of my bachelor thesis for several reasons. On the one hand, I think that colostomy is talked about a lot all the time, but if really want to obtain any literature, very little is available. And a large number of colostomy patients call for more sources of information. And on the other hand, I find this topic close for personal reasons: there are colostomy patients in my own family and among my close friends. Whether they have colostomy after a tumorous disease during Crohn disease, they still suffer from very similar problems that lead to a certain stigmatization that they both consciously and unconsciously bring into their mind. This is why this topic occurred to me. It is necessary to survey what stigma is, colostomy patients{\crq} opinion of stigma and the way nurses view stigma. In my opinion, this is an unusual combination of two problems that are widely discussed, yet neither dealt with nor described in any way. At the present time, which is a time of mass media and stress, an individual person could hardly think that he or she does not know certain aspects of life that a certain percentage of the population meets with, and in many a case does not even know about this question. People think and believe that they are prepared for everything, that they are balanced and can deal with all problems. When, however, a problem touches their health, it is often an aspect that they do not even think about very much and consider it as a natural part of their everyday life, they start to be literally helpless and anxious, and this escalates depending on how large an interference in their health it is. If you say the term stomy, a lot of people hesitate and have no idea what it could be. It is of course no rule but we have to get aware of the thing that a large part of the population deal with this problem. It is therefore important to conduct education and to pay attention to the information of the broad population, while placing emphasis on understanding stomy patients{\crq} everyday troubles. The term stigma, as I have found out to my surprise, is a completely unknown notion. This is despite the fact that stigma and stigmatising factors may occur in a broader range of diseases than the stomy mentioned. The objective of the thesis is then to shed light on the terms of stigma a colostomy. And to find out the most frequent stigmatising factors in this disease and to find a solution to this problem.
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Specific eating habits of a stoma clients
OSADČÍ, Jana
This work focuses on eating habits of patiens with colostomy and ileostomy and their personal experience with observing the given nourishing rules. The number of such patients has been growing in the Czech Republic in the last time. Introduction of colostomy or ileostomy is a very difficult situation for every patient. When adapting to the new situation the patient needs all possible professional care. Many changes enter his life and one of them is the change in eating habits. There is no universal diet at present that could go for all such patients. In spite of the fact that correct nourishment and drinking regime are the most important for them. That is why we were interested in the patients experience in the area of nourishment. This work had two targets. The first one concentrated on the specific eating habits of the patients after colostomy and the other one the specific eating habits of the patients after ileostomy. There were two hypotheses connected with the targets. The first hypothesis tried to find out, whether the patients with colostomy have their specific eating habits. The other hypothesis tried the same for the patients with ileostomy. To be able to achieve the targets a quantitative research has been applied, implemented by means of an anonymous questionnaire. The questionnaire contained 27 questions. The data were collected in March 2009. 100 questionnaires were distributed, 80 percent of them were returned. This work has confirmed the fact that there is no universal diet that could be applied for all the patients. The nourishment must adapt to the individual requirements, because different people react in a different way to individual food and they must try out, what suits them. In this way they themselves find out the best eating habits with the course of time, they will not feel restricted and they will stop being afraid of the negative effects of food.
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Nursing care about colostomies in unsurgical nursing units
DOČEKAL, Adam
My Bachelor Paper has surveyed the professional skills of nurses staffing a non-surgery ward. The survey covered nurses working at the Internal Medicine Wards of the České Budějovice and Jihlava hospitals. I have chosen this subject prompted by my personal experience which leads me to believe that the nurses on the staff of this department are not properly trained, neither in theory nor in practice, to treat colostomy patients. The Czech Republic is a home to about eight thousand patients with this condition, people of different ages and occupations, living active and fully independent lives. As these patients can be hospitalized also in the IM Ward, it comes as a matter of importance that the on-site nurses possess the required know-how so that they do not subject the patients / clients to avoidable stress.
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