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Regulation of GMOs in the European Union
Křivánek, Michal ; Grmelová, Nicole (advisor) ; Vavrečka, Jan (referee)
The focal point of this thesis is the regulation of genetically modified organisms in the European Union. The objective of the thesis is to provide an overview and analysis of the legal framework governing the deliberate release into the environment and placing on the market of genetically modified organisms as well as the issue of genetically modified food and feed. Another aim of the thesis is to suggest necessary modifications of the legal framework based on the analysis. The first part discusses the nature and examines the extent of the use of genetic modification and the characteristics and possibilities of genetically modified organisms while keeping in mind their potential as well as the danger to human health and the environment they might pose. The second part inquires into the regulation of genetically modified organisms as such, compares the basic principles laid down therein with the state of scientific knowledge of genetically modified organisms, assesses their adequacy and suggests amendments that would be appropriate to adopt.
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The legal policy on genetically modified organisms
Stejskalová, Radka ; Grmelová, Nicole (advisor) ; Neděla, Radek (referee)
This thesis deals with the current legal policy of the European Union on genetically modified organisms in the framework of consumer protection.The European Union created a complex set of strict rules for dealing with genetically modified organisms.The first part outlines the problems of modern biotechnology,the second part describes the development and the current EU policy and judgement analysis of the European Court of Justice related to the GMOs. The aim of the last part is a description of the current position of the Czech Republic to the genetic modification.
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Development and optimalization of methodology for detection of GMO potatoes
ČERMÁKOVÁ, Jitka
Genetically modified (GM) or transgenic crops, now more often called ``Biotech crops{\crqq} they are commercially cultivated since 1996. And also since 1996, the first year of commercialization of biotech crops, GM potatoes were cultivated in USA, Mexico, Canada and later in South Africa, China and India. The global area of approved biotech crops in 2006 was 102 million hectares and 22 countries grew biotech crops, 11 developing countries and 11 industrial countries. The Czech Republic is on of the six EU countries where biotech crops are cultivated at present. The most compelling case for biotechnology, and more specifically biotech crops, is their capability to contribute to: increasing crop productivity and stability of productivity and production; conserving biodiversity, as a land-saving technology; the production of renewable resource based bio-fuels. This diploma paper was focused on developing of fast, precise and cheap method based on PCR to detect the presence of transgenes in potatoes {--} tubers and leaves, allows monitoring the presence of GM potatoes in market, environment, etc. and to quantify ``contamination{\crqq} of ware potatoes (tubers) with GM ones.
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