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Risk management options for accounting errors and accounting fraud
ŠÍMA, Pavel
The topic of the thesis is " Risk management options for accounting errors and accounting fraud". The accounting should correspond to the actual situation, which should be displayed in a comparable manner and with the prescribed accounting methods. All financial statement items must be displayed faithfully and fairly. Honesty is associated with the use of accounting methods. When an entity uses accounting methods correctly, it can be stated that accounting is not only true but also fair. However, there are different valuation methods, and each method can lead to a different result. Therefore, it can be assumed that in practice there may also be purposeful manipulation. The aim of this thesis is to determine by means of detection models whether there are accounting manipulations with accounting statements for companies that have transport as their main activity according to CZ-NACE and at the same time evaluate the ability to detect accounting manipulations of these models. For detection and evaluation of possible accounting manipulations, selected detection models were used - Jones's non-discriminatory accrual, Beneish model and CFEBT model. As a complement to the detection model, the modified Taffler model, and the IN99 model were counted to determine the financial health of the entities in the sample.
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Analysis identification methods of accounting fraud
JAROLÍMKOVÁ, Kamila
The diploma thesis deals with the issue of creative accounting and subsequent manipulation of financial statements. This is the current topic in our country and in the world. After several world scandals in the area of deliberate misrepresentation of accounting, an increasing emphasis is placed on the reporting ability of financial statements and, in particular, their true and fair value. Financial statements are often the basis for making economic decisions by external users of financial statements. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize other possible methods leading to the detection of the misstatements in them. The diploma thesis is divided into literary and practical part. In the literary part the reader is acquainted with basic concepts, definition of creative accounting and accounting fraud. There is also a set of selected identification methods used both to prevent the creation and to detect accounting frauds. The practical part of the thesis applies four selected models to the financial statements of the selected entity. It is a small entity without an audit obligation where the main activity is the provision of IT services. Applied and further compared are the Beneish M-Score, Jones Nondiscretionary accruals, CFEBT and Piotroski F-Score models. An add-on is a bankrupt Altman model that evaluates the financial health of the entity, but it does not indicate anything about the possibility of disturbing the true and fair value. Risk periods are analyzed in detail using basic financial analysis techniques. The conclusion of the thesis provides an evaluation of the applicability and suitability of the used methods for the given type of business.
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Možnosti ovlivňování účetních dat a informací z hlediska managementu
STEINBACHOVÁ, Linda
Goal of this disertation was to analyze possibilities how to influence accounting data and information in light of management. The theoretical part starts with the accounting description. Next is the creative accounting and its effect on business analyzed. In the last part are financial statements and their cohesion analyzed. In the empirical part you learn about Louis a. s. company and its situation between the years 2008 and 2015. I analyzed possible effect on the results, when the creative accounting is used. The creative accounting was applied in the company during the year 2013. The goal was to maximalize the profit (This year ended the company with a big loss of 32.534.000 CZK.). For financial statement conversion I used an interest on the loan capitalization, an issue a fictional invoice, a bill of services for next period and a distorted cost of fuel comparison .
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Creative Accounting Techniques - Aspects of the Presentation of Financial Statements Prepared in Accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards
ŠVAMBERK, David
The topic of this diploma thesis is "Creative Accounting Techniques - Aspects of the Presentation of Financial Statements Prepared in Accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards". The aim of this thesis is to assess whether the selected entity has shown indicators of possible creative accounting in the context of publicly available financial statements compiled according to IFRS in comparison with Czech Accounting Standards and the subsequent assessment of acquired differences of both accounting approaches. For such assessment, selected detection models are used the Beneish model, the CFEBT model, and Jones Nondiscretionary Accruals. Moreover, there were calculated other two models Altman's Z-score and the Bonity Index. The diploma thesis is focused on the explanatory power of financial statements for stakeholders (or other external users) which has significant influence on their economic decision making. This work analyses issued and audited financial statements from the user's perspective who does not have any access to more detailed supporting documentation. The diploma thesis is divided into three main parts. The first part is the theoretical over-view of creative accounting. This part describes definitions, history, causes, effects, and techniques of creative accounting, as well as there are mentioned detection models which may help to identify manipulated financial statements. There are also presented bankruptcy and solvency models used for a financial analysis of the selected entity. The second part, methodological, contains the procedures and calculations of selected models used for the further analysis of creative accounting. The third part is devoted to evaluate the results of creative accounting analyses. In conclusion, there is commented the possible occurrence of creative accounting in the entity's financial statements and the explanatory power of both accounting systems.
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Accounting frauds
Stančíková, Lucie ; Šindelář, Michal (advisor) ; Müllerová, Libuše (referee)
The main aim of barchelor thesis is to look at frauds in accounting. The first chapter tries to define the border between fraud and creative accounting and to highlight the main differences because these terms can be often mistaken. In the second chapter there are incentives that cause fraudulent behaviour. The third chapter elaborates various ways of frauds in accountancy which appear not only in financial statements but also out of them. The next chapter includes examples of real frauds committed in the Czech Republic as well as abroad. The conclusion looks at several ways of prevention which can help us fighting against frauds.
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Creative accounting
Turok, Yuliya ; Šindelář, Michal (advisor) ; Müllerová, Libuše (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on research of Creative accounting. Different concepts arising with this issue and main methods of creative accounting are defined in this written work. There is also a specification of main characters, ones who are participating in the process itself, and ones who are mainly affected by creative accounting. There is an exploration of fraudulent behavior from the general point of view, and the emphasis is made on fraudulent financial reporting and division into different levels of manipulation with financial reports, which creative accounting is a part of. The written work also includes examples of the application of some methods in practice. In the end, there is a mention about world-famous scandals that are more common to be connected with creative accounting.
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Creative Accounting
Štěpančík, Jan ; Svitlík, Jan (advisor) ; Peprníčková, Mariana (referee)
This thesis clarifies the concept of creative accounting, defines it and distinguishes it from fraudulent acting. The thesis further describes particular practices of creative accounting, which are divided into three main categories. In conclusion, the thesis captures the occurrence of the creative accounting in the world and reactions it initiated.
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Creative accounting with a focus on tax reduction
Novotná, Petra ; Svitlík, Jan (advisor) ; Peprníčková, Mariana (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the topic of creative accounting. First, it focuses on clarifying the very concept of creative accounting and various views on it, describing the methods of creative accounting and the motives that lead to the manipulation of financial statements. The types of financial statements manipulation fall into three levels depending on the sanctions that can be imposed against the entity. Second, it focuses on the specific motive of corporate income tax reduction, primarily in the first stage of manipulation of financial statements where the entity is not subject to any sanctions. At the end of the thesis, an illustrative example of the specific limited liability company is given, where tax deductibility practices are applied.The bachelor thesis deals with the topic of creative accounting. First, it focuses on clarifying the very concept of creative accounting and various views on it, describing the methods of creative accounting and the motives that lead to the manipulation of financial statements. The types of financial statements manipulation fall into three levels depending on the sanctions that can be imposed against the entity. Second, it focuses on the specific motive of corporate income tax reduction, primarily in the first stage of manipulation of financial statements where the entity is not subject to any sanctions. At the end of the thesis, an illustrative example of the specific limited liability company is given, where tax deductibility practices are applied.
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Creative accounting
Luštický, Daniel ; Jurka, Robert (advisor) ; Roubíčková, Jaroslava (referee)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is a description of creative accounting. Starting with an explanation of basic functions of financial accounting, its users, main principles and regulations in the Czech Republic, the thesis continues with defining the main topic, creative accounting. Then the motive behind these fraudulent acts is described together with an offender, his motivation and demotivation. The most frequent techniques of creative accounting as well as prevention are included and detailed in the next part. The thesis also works with the term fraud and explains its influence on financial accounting. Lastly, specific companies practising creative accounting are analyzed.
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Creative accounting
Kryštůfek, Dominik ; Jurka, Robert (advisor) ; Roubíčková, Jaroslava (referee)
This Bachelor thesis is about accounting frauds and their consequences on multinational corporations. There is definition of creative accounting and difference between creative accounting and accounting fraud. There are some elementary ways and motivation from aspect of different groups in the company. There is explanation of term audit with most important principles and its risks. Main part of this thesis is about large multinational companies Enron, WorldCom and Parmalat, which were convicted from accounting fraud and then they went bankrupt. With this context I would like to verify, if there was some causality between accounting fraud and bankruptcy and, if there is so, how strong this causality was.
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