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Inventarizace škod prasetem divokým na kulturách lesních dřevin
Glogar, Jan
Recently, we have increasingly encountered damage to wild boar on planting. Whether the seedlings are plucked out or scraped off, or if the overground or root pack is damaged, these can be fatal for next growth. This work tries to find out what information is currently available about the issue, how frequent the problem is in the Czech Republic, which experiences of people who have met these damages and how to be successful in protection. Finally, the obtained data are evaluated and a set of recommendations is formulated to minimize this problem.
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Rozsah, postavení a odrůstání jeřábu ptačího (Sorbus aucuparia L.) v Krkonošském národním parku
Koulová, Ladislava
The work was developed on the territory of the Giant Mountains National Park. The main objective was to determine the extent and the growth of bird crane in all levels for the whole NP. The measurements were carried out in the selected area of Horní Maršov, where several dozens of stands were visited and the JR was measured and registered. The game damage, height, thickness, position in the stand, representation and impact of the crane occurrence were evaluated. At the same time a detailed analysis of the crane output in the stands was carried out. of the KRNAP and the interest LHC. The crane is mainly found in lighted hedges, in pots and in places where there is no high pressure from the boar. There was no detectable difference in the growth in acidic and rich habitats. In dark SM cultures and BK stands, the recovery of JR does not occur. On the first floor there are cranes under SM stands in combination with BR and SM raids, some locations also show BK. In these phases, the crane is strongly attacked by animals that reduce growth and vitality. At a height of 3 meters, the JR is already grown for the game, reaching the second level. In the third floor there are already grown individuals. The Forest Economic Analysis analysis showed that crane representation is higher than the available literature. This may be due to purposeful management and accidental mining. The results of the in-depth investigation continue to indicate that the crane as a pioneering tree is alternated by spruce and beech within a large development cycle.
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Zhodnocení spolehlivosti a návrh správného postupu pro hodnocení škod černou zvěří na zemědělských plodinách
Klein, Václav
This bachelor thesis is dealing with methodology and evaluation the damages caused by wild boar on agriculture crops, more specifically corn and wheat. As a place for this thesis being done, area in Nebahovy was chosen. I conducted the research with modern drons with camera and also with primitive walking method in this area. I comapred results of both from the perspective of time requirement, accuracy and difficulties. To be able to compare modern and primitive method I had to build a method of counting the quantity and method of volume of production. The method of taking pictures from the air was chosen as the most precise method. This method was also the fastest. It is because of recording every part of the place and the short time of evaluation. The walking method was the best from the financial point of view, because only small amount of money is used during this investigation.
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Vliv kopytníků na zemědělskou a lesnickou produkci v kraji Vysočina
Dvořáková, Petra
This diploma thesis deals with the problems of damages caused by ungulates on forest and agricultural lands in two model areas in Vysocina region. The first part provides the theoretical background about damage by game, protection against damage and quantification of damages. In the second part the data on the damage of plots and numbers of game animals for the years 2015 and 2016 in hunting areas are processed. The data are processed in charts and tables and the impact of selected game species is then evaluated. The greatest damage on forest land in the area is cause by browsing by roe deer. On farmland, the greatest damage is caused by the population of wild boar on the permanent grassland. In the investigated area, the total damage caused by game is low. At the end of the thesis the results and suggested possible measures are summarised.
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Právní úprava v oblasti ochrany před škodami zvěří na lesních porostech
Šafránek, Zbyněk
The dissertation thesis deals with the problem of damage caused by game to forest stands. In the introductory part of the thesis there is described and quantified the harmful effect of game on forest stands based on data available for public, as well as on the author´s own research. The basic principles of hunting and game management are also described in the thesis. The Slovak, German and Polish legislation are analyzed in more detail. Based on a detailed analysis of domestic legislation and jurisprudence, possible changes are proposed. These changes should be directed to balanced relationship between users of hunting land on the one hand and users of hunting land on the other. Finally the thesis also deals with the possibilities of standardization of data collection on the plots damaged by game and suggests possible solutions.
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Vyhodnocení úspěšnosti obnovy lesa na kalamitních holinách LS LČR Jablunkov
Baselides, Andrzej
This work deals with artificial regeneration of the forest on the calamity clearing areas LCR LS Jablunkov. The main objective of this bachelor thesis was to evaluate the growth development of 5-8 years aged plantations of Norway spruce, silver fir, European Beech, pedunculated oak, small-leaved lime tree and black alder, after planting at water-affected sites. The other objective was to compare the results with growth at nutrient sites. The following parameters were evaluated: Losses, length of the shoot, last increment, diameter of the root collar, length of the needles, size of the assimilation apparatus of leaves, color of the needles, damaging, warp of the stem, vertical deflection of the stem, deployment height of forked trees, stem form and shape of the crown. Evaluation of trees´ root system was also part of this work. Results showed, that black alder and Norway spruce grow the best at the water-affected sites. Planting of small-leaved lime tree and pedunculated oak didn´t approve, on the contrary. Another problem was the fact, that there were serious deformations of the root system at all tree species. The last issue were the high losses due to the poor quality of the planting stock, improper way of planting, and large number of the occurring game. The comparison between water-affected and nutrient sites shows, that the trees grow better and reach better parametres and smaller losses at the nutrient sites.
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Škody působené zvěří v lesních porostech LS Rychtářov a návrh opatření na jejich snížení
Valíček, Jakub
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to identify and describe the current status of damaged young covers by wild animals, to assess the expected impact on growth dynamism, further to evaluate the existing forest management, especially the use of methods and means to protect forests against game damages and to suggest measures to reduce damages of forest management Rychtářov, which is a part of the state enterprise Military forests and farms, Plumlov division. Therefore this thesis deals with the damages in one of three forest districts of mentioned division.
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Management druhu Taxus baccata L. na vybraných lokalitách ŠLP ML Křtiny
Horský, Karel
This diploma thesis deals with the occurrence of the common yew in the Forest School Enterprise in Křtiny and also gives some insight to the problems of natural regeneration caused by cloven hoofed game species. Main goal was to map the adult yews and abundance of natural regeneration with subsequent proposal of management on given locations. During years 2014 and 2015 the investigation on interested locations was carried out, and during this investigation certain attributes such as gender, height, diameter, damage etc. were identified. Position of individuals was mapped by means of Field--Map technology and the final maps were drafted up by ArcGIS system. There were found and mapped 556 individuals of yew at given locations in autumn 2014. 92 of them were adults and 464 individuals came from the natural regeneration. There were found 337 specimens of natural regeneration during control measurement in spring 2015. That means 27 % losses.
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Protection of the young plantation against the game browsing with use of sheep flees form meat breed and flees breed in area of Železné hory area
Ješátko, Jiří ; Nakládal, Oto (advisor) ; Zeman, Jakub (referee)
This Bachelor paper compares and evaluates the effectiveness of a mechanical protection of forest crops against game browsing by means of using wool from meat-sheep and dairy-sheep breeds. Twenty-one sites were chosen in the Bojanov municipal forest for the use of different types of sheep wool against game browsing. The local growth is dominated by young spruce, with only 10% of other species. Six of these sites were treated with meat-sheep wool, six others with dairy-sheep wool, and the remaining nine sites were treated with both types combined. The primary criterion for evaluation was the damage, through browsing, to the terminal shoot. The extent of the damaged spruce growth in individual localities was regularly monitored in monthly intervals and recorded in a table. Consequently, the data were analyzed and the effectiveness of individual wool types determined through the use of the goodness of fit test. The overall damage caused in the sites treated with meat-sheep and dairy-sheep wool was 1.58 % and 1.77 %, respectively. When applied to the comparison of damage caused in areas treated with meat-sheep and dairy-sheep wool, the goodness of fit test revealed negligible differences, which made it impossible to determine which of the two types of wool is more effective. The quantity of damaged crops in sites treated with both types of wool combined (n=187; chi2=0.37; p=0.53). The quantity of damaged crops in sites treated with meat-sheep wool or dairy-sheep wool only (n=46; chi2=0.15; p=0.69).
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The effect of supplementary winter feeding on the wildlife forest damages
Strnad, Martin ; Ježek, Miloš (advisor) ; Adámková, Jana (referee)
Abstract
The work deals with the influence of the winter feeding on the amount of damage to forests caused by game in Šumava area farmed by the state enterprise Lesy České republiky (Forests of the Czech Republic), forest enterprise Boubín, forest district Kubova Huť. The aim was processing a literature review on the topic of harm wildlife and processing its own investigation regarding the evaluation of the development of damage to forests, depending on winter feeding and its localization. The first part is introduction to the general problems of dealing with the kind of damage caused by game, the possibilities of influencing of damage caused by game, evidence of damage caused by game, the legislative framework for the application of game damages to the user of the hunting ground and the consequences of damage caused by game. The second part is focused on the investigation of damage caused by game in selected locations. It was selected two adjacent hunting grounds in the selected area of a similar nature and properties. In the first hunting ground were selected three feeding sites and in the second hunting ground other two feeding sites. Around each location was determined by a circle with a radius of one kilometre and using a map portal comprise forests within this sector in the table. For each crop was determined actual age, the percentage of crop damage and the distance from feeding place. Data for damage based on the summaries damage to forests in Forest enterprise Boubín, forest district Kubova Huť and from 2010 to 2014. The statistical method, using the statistical software STATISTICA 10th 0., the data were evaluated and put into final tables and chapters. The basic hypothesis was based on the question of whether the damage caused by wild animals increase with bigger distance from the feeding sites. The results did not confirm this hypothesis. Conversely, the damages caused by animals increased with reduced distance from the feeding sites. Neither the size of the crop affects the amount of damage caused by game. Knowledge about the occurrence of damage caused by game depends on the distance from feeding sites may be important for better selection and number of sites for animal feeding.
Key words
European red deer (Cervus elaphus), feeding, harm wildlife
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