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Vliv stabilizovaného dusíkatého hnojiva se sírou na obsah minerálního dusíku v půdě a na výnos a kvalitu semen řepky ozimé
Pliska, Radim
The thesis deals with the influence of application of stabilized nitrogen fertilizer with sulphur and other nitrogenous fertilizers, on the content of mineral nitrogen in the soil. The yield and oiliness of winter rape seeds is also evaluated. The problem was solved in the agricultural year 2015/2016 as a small-plot field experiment at the experimental station in Žabčice u Brna (179 m.) and at the research fodder station Vatín near Žďár nad Sázavou (560 m.). The following 5 variants of the fertilizer were included in the experiment: LAD regenerative variant (104 kg N/ha), DASA regenerative variant (104 kg N/ha), ENSIN regenerative variant (136 kg N/ha). In the LAD + DASA and LAD + ENSIN variants, was used for the regenerative fertilizin the LAD fertilizer (51 kg N/ha respectively 64 kg N/ha), DASA (104 kg N/ha) and ENSIN (130 kg N/ha) were applied in the first production fertilizing. Beside the ENSIN variant, it was used for fertilization in I. production fertilizing and II. production fertilizing at a total nitrogen dose of 194 kg N/ha DAM 390 fertilizer. In the ENSIN Different effects of fertilizers on yield were expected, but a statistically significant increase in yields was shown only in the DASA variant, as well as a different effect on oiliness was expected, but there was no statistically significant variant, thought the effect of fertilizer with sulfur, appeared where by all sulfur variant werw increased oilyness compared to the LAD variant. The mineral nitrogen evaluation showed the fertilizer effect with the ENSIN inhibitor, where the ammonium nitrogen ratio exceeded over the nitrate form.
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Vliv vlhkosti vzduchu a půdy na rozvoj vybraných patogenů řepky
Nečasová, Aneta
The thesis focuses on monitoring and appraisal of colza vegetation microclimate. Humidity and soil moisture were measured. It was monitored if colza was infested by selected pathogens which are related to humidity and soil moisture. Recorded figures were compared with figures recorded at a standard weather station situated near the monitored rape vegetation. Maps showing vertical stratification of humidity in whole vegetation profile were created. Using regressive analysis equations of relation between humidity in vegetation and at the weather station were created. It was found out that weather influences the pathogen development. It was proved that predication only by "petal test" is inaccurate, so it is good to do it together with the microclimate monitoring.
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Vyhodnocení intenzity zaplevelení polních plodin v provozních podmínkách
Kvíčala, Stanislav
Monitoring took place in a company called Zetaspol, s.r.o., which manages on 550 hectares of fertile ground in Prostějov, in the vicinity of the village Bedihošť. The company Zetaspol, s.r.o. deals with production of seeds and higher propagation stands of wheat winter, spring barley, peas, oats, mustard or millet, but also this company produces beet, maize and rape. The monitoring was done in four plants of winter rape, on which it was observed 29 species of weeds. In general, we can say, that on the land of Kalta, Víkend and Blatec was weed spectrum detailed. On the land U Skalky we can observe weeds somewhat different. For example, the most represented species can be named Viola arvensis, Tripleurospermum inodorum, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Papaver rhoeas, Triticum aestivum, but the Chamomilla recutita, Descurainia Sophia are also worth mentioning.
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Zhodnocení výskytu polních plevelů na vybraných pozemcích v bramborářské výrobní oblasti
Hromádko, Petr
This bachelor thesis focuses on the evaluation of the occurrence of field weeds in a different crops in the potato-growing region. This thesis also compares a weed infesta-tion in a different crops and proposes their weed management. The observation was per-formed on the selected lands of the agricultural holding I. AGRO Oldřiš a.s. during the year 2018. The weeds were observed in the following crops: spring barley, winter tritica-le and winter rape. The most numerous weeds found in the crops were: Viola arvensis, Stelaria media, Arabidopsis thaliana, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Holcus mollis, Elytrigia repens, Poa annua, Apera spica-venti, Tripleurospermum inodorum, Veronica hederifo-lia, Cirsium arvense.
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Vliv přídavku lignitu do dusíkato-sirných hnojiv na produkci a kvalitu semen řepky ozimé
Vlášek, Jan
The aim of the thesis The influence of the addition of lignite to nitrogen-sulphur fertilizers on the production and quality of winter rape seeds was to make a literature review focused on winter rape nutrition and the use of humic substances in plant production. In the practical part evaluate the influence of nitrogen fertilizers with sulphur or sulphur and magnesium with the addition of lignite on yield and oilseed rape seeds. Additionally, the effect of these fertilizers on the percentage of macronutrients in the plant's above-ground biomass and on the nitrogen and sulphur content in the soil before the beginning of stem elongation (DC 30) was evaluated. Patch field tests were done on experimental stations of Mendel University, Vatín near Žďár nad Sázavou (535 m a. s. l.) and Žabčice (179 m a. s. l.) in the years 2015/16, 2016/17 and 2017/18. Fertilizers DASA 26-13, DASAMAG, MAGNISUL and their analogy with the addition of humate DASA H, DASAMAG H and MAGNISUL H were included in these experiments as fertilizer applied in early spring. On site Žabčice was achieved a higher yield of seeds than on site Vatín. The difference in yield was statistically highly significant. On Vatín station, higher oiliness was achieved than on site Žabčice. This difference was statistically highly significant. The statistically highly significant effect on yield and oiliness was also in the year. The highest yield and oiliness was achieved in 2018, the lowest yield and oiliness was in 2016. From the point of view of addition of humate or individual variants were not differences in yield and oiliness statistically significant The percentage of macronutrients in plant dry matter did not increase after the application of humate fertilizers. It was detected more mineral nitrogen after the application of the humate variants of DASAMAG and MAGNISUL fertilizers than in the non-humate analogues. A higher amount of water-soluble sulphur was detected after using the humate variant fertilizers DASA 26-13 and MAGNISUL.
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Vztah hustoty porostu vybraných plodin a aktuálního zaplevelení
Daňková, Šárka
This work deals with the evaluation of the influence of weed intensity on stand density. Weed infestation was observed in Triticum aestivum and Brassica oleacea. The difference between autumn and spring composition of plant species was observed. Thlaspi arvense, Capsela bursa pastoris, and Galium aparine were the most common in the autumn measurement of Triticum aestivum. In spring Lamium purpureum predominated. In the autumn period, Brassica oleacea species were mostly Thlaspi arvense, Capsela bursa pastoris and Tripleospermum inodorum. In the spring, Capsela bursa pastoris, Veronica hederifolia and Viola arvensis. According to the statistical evaluation, the results are highly statistically significant; in the less dense stands of the wheat species Convolvulus Arvensis, Avena Fatua, Aegopodium Podagaria were found. In the less dense rape, Viola Arvensis and Capsela Bursa Pastoris were found.
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Intenzita mimokořenového příjmu bóru rostlinou řepky ozimé
Zhoř, Jiří
The aim of this thesis was the evaluation of the foliar application of selected foliar fertilizers in the plant nutrition of winter oilseed rape plant (Brassica napus var. napus). In the container experiment, there was observed the efficiency of different doses of foliar applied fertilizers containing boron in various forms, such as boron ethanolamine (Borosan Forte) and boron bonded to a chelate (Lifio Boron). The container experiment was implemented in the greenhouses of the Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition at the Faculty of AgriSciences at Mendel University in Brno. The evaluation of the effect of fertilizers was based on the weight of winter oilseed rape plants and on the amount of absorbed B after 2, 6 and 10 days after foliar application. The highest absorbed amount of boron in the plants was observed in the variant C (dose 300g B/ha) and the lowest amount in the variant B (dose 150 g B/ha). The results also showed the positive effect of boron foliar application on plant growth and dry mass production.
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Druhové spektrum plevelů ve vybraném zemědělském podniku
Reiter, Michal
The aim of this bachelor’s thesis was to analys the spectrum of species and the abundance of weed infestation on the fields of Agra Horní Dunajovice, Ltd., The analysis was made in two kinds of crops: winter wheat and winter rapeseed after various pre-crop. The counting method was used for evalution. In winter wheat was found 25 weed species. Lower number of weed species were identified in winter rapeseed and the number was 14. In both crops were most common kinds of weeds species the winter weed species. The most cammon arable weeds were Cammon field-speedwell (Veronica persica), Shepherd’s-purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris), Cleavers (Galium aparine), Flixweed (Descurainia sophia), Field pansy (Viola arvensis).
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Vliv termínu aplikace stabilizovaného dusíkato-sirného hnojiva na výnos a olejnatost řepky ozimé
Lančová, Taťána
This thesis follow up assessment effect of fertilizing with stabilized nitrogen fertilizers, which contain sulphur, on yield and oiliness of winter oilseed rape. Thesis examines, if it is more favourable to use this kind of fertilizer than to use common one and how it affects yield and oiliness of seed. For research were founded a small-plot three-year field trials at experimental stations in Žabčice and in Vatín. There were used the following variants: 1. unfertilized, 2. LAD + LAD, 3. DASA + DASA, 4. ENSIN and 5. LAD + ENSIN. Fertilizers LAD (ammonium nitrate with dolomite; 27 % N) and DASA (ammonium nitrate with ammonium sulphate; 26 % N + 13 % S) were used in divided application and in the second production fertilizing there was added 150 l.ha-1 DAM 390 (ammonium nitrate with urea; 30 % N). On another variant there was once applied dose of ENSIN (ammonium nitrate with ammonium sulphate with nitrification inhibitors). ENSIN was also added to LAD, when there was done first nitrogen dose with LAD and second nitrogen dose with ENSIN, which comprised around 60 % of total dose of nitrogen. Total dose of nitrogen applied to the experimental plots was 194 kg.ha-1. For individual variants no statistically significant effect of fertilizers with seed yield inhibitors was found. The DASA + DASA variant yielded 2,80 t.ha-1. LAD + ENSIN (2,75 t.ha-1), ENSIN (2,72 t.ha-1) and LAD + LAD (2,67 t.ha-1) variants were similar. The lowest yield then released a non-fertilized variant with a yield of 2,54 t.ha-1. Stabilized fertilizers did not show a statistically significant effect on the oiliness of the seed. The highest oiliness was achieved by the non-fertilized variant (42,91%), and it showed good oiliness of the use of LAD + ENSIN fertilizers (42,44%). For other variants ENSIN (42,27%), LAD + LAD (42,18%) and DASA + DASA (42,16%) a similar seed oiliness was found.
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Evaluation of tillage effect on seed yield of winter oilseed rape
TOMÁŠEK, Václav
This thesis was elaborated as a literary overview dealing with the issue of the tillage effect on seed yield of winter rape. First of all, thesis describes the development and importance of winter rape cultivation, its use in individual sectors (food, feed, oleochemistry and energy use). Next it describes the morphological structure of rape, its biological characteristics and some of its varieties. The second part of the thesis deals with the tillage effect on seed yield, development and character of winter rape root system. This part is focused on the classical tillage system that uses plowing and the minimum tillage system including for example conservation tillage, no-tillage and strip-tillage.
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