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Thyroid Gland Activity in Horses
ŠINÁKLOVÁ, Petra
The bachelor thesis focused on the thyroid gland activity in horses assesses the thyroid gland activity in the selected group of horses based on the production of thyroid hormones (TT4, TT3, fT4 and fT3). Blood was taken from vena jugularis on a one-time basis in cooperation with private veterinarians. Afterwards the levels of thyroid hormones were measured by the RIA method. The thyroid gland activity was evaluated in a total of 12 horses (8 geldings and 4 mares) in the Region of South Bohemia. The average age was 8.5 years. In the tested samples the total T4 hormone was 37.24 +- 9,88 nmol-l-1 on average, while the total T3 hormone was 0.99 +- 0,23 nmol-l-1 on average. Free fractions of T4 hormone was 13.28 +- 2,66 pmol-l-1 on average and free fraction of T3 hormone was 5.43 +- 1,42 pmol-l-1. The highest level of TT4 hormone was measured in hot blood horses (46.03 nmol.l.-1), while the lowest level was in the group consisting of ponies and Huculs (27.86 nmol.l.-1). The highest value of TT3 hormone was in the group of ponies and Huculs (1.13 nmol.l.-1) and the lowest value in cold blood horse breeds (0.74 nmol.l.-1). The highest level of fT4 was in cold blood horse breeds (14.73 pmol.l.-1), while the lowest level was in hot blood horses (12.68 pmol.l.-1). The level of fT3 hormone was highest in hot blood horses (6.02 pmol.l.-1), while the lowest level was in cold blood horses (4.78 pmol.l.-1). The concentration of the total T4 and T3 was higher in mares than in geldings, namely by 1.81 nmol-l-1 and 0.05 nmol-l-1, respectively. By contrast, the concentration of free T3 was lower in mares than in geldings, namely by 0.32 nmol-l-1. The concentration of free T4 was also higher in mares than in geldings, namely by 1.31 nmol-l-1. When comparing our results with the reference values, it is obvious that the concentration of thyroid hormones was at the upper limit of the physiological range or slightly above the limit so lack of iodine and the related reduced thyroid gland activity cannot be presumed in those horses. The relations between the level of the thyroid gland activity and Ca concentrations in blood plasma concurrently with the activity of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme were ascertained. The correlation coefficients showed a negative effect of an increased thyroid gland activity on the bone tissue metabolism and increased decalcification.
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Meaning and resource of selenium in human nutrition
KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ, Zuzana
Bachelor's thesis concentrates on functions of selenium in human nutrition. Selenium is an essential trace element of importance to human health. Its availability depends on the concentration of selenium in the soil. The average income of selenium in the Czech population are usually 36 g/day per individuals. Excess or insufficient selenium intakes can result in adverse effects on human health. The most important sources of selenium in the diets of most people are meat, fish, eggs, milk, cereals and nuts. Selenium plays an important role in a number of metabolic functions including antioxidant systems, thyroid hormone metabolism, immune function and reproduction. Low selenium status are associated with increased risk of mortality, poor immune function, and cognitive decline, while high selenium status cause garlic breath, hair and nail loss, disorders of the nervous system and skink and poor dental health. Amount of selenium and its need changes during life. Recommended doses of selenium for women are 55 g/day and for men 70 g/day. Pregnant and lactating women require an average of 65-75 g selenium/day. Selenium deficiency in women causes problems with pregnancy, fetal malformations or postnatal complications. Newborn baby receives in breast milk about 10 g selenium/day. The recommended doses for children are in the range of 20-30 g selenium/day. The lack of selenium in seniors causes loss of muscle mass and strenght. Conversely sufficient doses of selenium can prevent the development of osteoporosis and various health complications. During sport aktivity, in the body there arise a large amount of free radicals and that is why it is necessary to suply the body of a sufficient amount of selenim, which helps prevent with its antioxidant effect oxidative damage of the muscles. The population exposed to low levels of selenium, the lack can be increased by use of dietary supplements with selenium.
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Online encyclopedia of biological species
SOJKA, Martin
The bachelor thesis is focused on creating web applications for the needs of the De-partment of biological ecosystems. This bachelor thesis deals with the design and de-velopment of a custom-built application, according to WebML methodology, which is strictly designated for web solutions. The main technologies, which were used in the implementation part, were PHP 5.4, Zend Framework 2 and Bootstrap framework. The last chapter´s main goal is to describe a few selected options of web application testing.
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Testing web applications using detecting changes its appearance
Sklenář, Pavel ; Pavlíček, Luboš (advisor) ; Mittner, Jan (referee)
The thesis deals with the detection of changes in appearance of web applications for com-patibility testing of appearance across web browsers. The main objective of this thesis was to develop a test library that could compare any of two web pages in different browsers and capture their differences not only graphically, but also numerically. Library uses public available tools for its functionality. The contribution of this thesis is in a solution that, as the only one from similar tools available on the market, tries to automate the testing process compatibility of appearance of web applications.
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Concentrations of thyroid hormones in the blood plasma of sheep
DŘÍZHALOVÁ, Blanka
The theoretical part of the thesis is dealing with description of the thyroidal hormones thyroxine, triiodthironine and their active (unbound) variants in the blood plasma. Thyroid gland, where the hormones are produced, production of very hormones and their effect on whole organism is described here. The practical part tracks and analyzes mutual relations and dynamics of thyroid hormones of sheep in their plasma depending on upraised uptake of iodine and changing uptake of selenium. The results are processed statistically.
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Software quality assurance and Java web applications testing
Nejedlý, David ; Pavlíčková, Jarmila (advisor) ; Šlajchrt, Zbyněk (referee)
The main objective of this work contains descriptions of the attributes that determine the quality of the software, a list of techniques that can ensure the quality of the code, and how to achieve code quality with software testing tools, to introduce available automated testing capabilities, to analyze in detail the testing tools Bromine and Selenium, including practical examples of working with these tools, in the end evaluate the benefits work and opportunities to deploy these tools in practice.
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Bioaccumulation and toxicity of selenium compounds in the green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda
UMYSOVÁ, Dáša
Three strains of the green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda were selected to be specifically resistant to the presence of high concentrations of inorganic Se. The strain SeIV was found to be resistant to high doses of selenite, the strain SeVI was resistant to selenate, and the strain Se(IV+VI) to the presence of both Se compounds. It has been shown that both the dose and chemical form of Se are the critical factors in the cellular response. In this PhD. thesis are results from experiments with the resistant strains (activity of thioredoxin reductase, content of selenium and selenomethionine, effect of sulphur deficiency).
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