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Short rotation coppices and water management of landscape
Weger, J. ; Šír, Miloslav ; Syrovátka, O.
Short rotation coppices (SRCs, energy forest) became an accepted method to produce biomass for energy. The positive environmental effects of using biomass as a bio-fuel (e.g. reducing GHG, air pollution) were scientifically proved and these effects are now being used as the main argument in the discussion on whether the establishment of large plantations of SRC should be supported and subsidised. Much less is known about the other non-productive effects (functions) of an SRC on the cultural landscape and agro-ecosystems, which may have also positive effect on quality of the environment.
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Modeling water regime in a small watershed
Vogel, T. ; Tesař, Miroslav ; Císlerová, M.
The paper is focused on the role of the soil water regime in formation of subsurface runoff. One-dimensional dual-permeability model is used to simulate variably saturated movement of water in the soil, in which preferential flow effects were reported. Simulated pressure head variations are compared with the available tensiometric observations. A possible conceptual model of prevailing water transfer mechanism in a hillslope segment is presented. The shallow subsurface flow is approximated by one-dimensional saturated flow along the inclined soil-bedrock interface. For a selected growing season, the model generated hillslope hydrograph is compared with the observed stream hydrograph. The simulated subsurface runoff peaks compare well with the measured stream discharge peaks.
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Rainfall - runoff relationship in small mountainous catchments
Tesař, Miroslav ; Šír, Miloslav ; Pražák, J.
The singular phenomenon of flow instabilities was observed in a small catchment: in some situations, the water supplied by rain caused a pronounced decrease in the soil water content. This soil water movement can be explained by assuming an irregularly oscillating outflow of soil water into lower horizons. In these situations a large volume of water flows through the soil; on the hydrological scale, this phenomenon forms a great part of the outflow from a watershed. The phenomenon can be described in the frame of the instability driven flow theory and explained as consequence of the porous soil bodyŽs capacity to become conductive in results of a very little change of its moisture. In this way, the soil profile can attenuate or amplify the rainfall pulses during their transformation to the outflow.
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Soil hydrology in a small watershed
Šír, Miloslav ; Lichner, Ľ. ; Tesař, Miroslav
Proceedings consist of 35 articles that were prepared as the contribution for the International Conference Soil Hydrology in a Small Watershedö taken place on October 15th, 2003 in Prague. Contributions included in this Proceedings are dedicated soil hydrology of a small watershed in a plenty of connections with concurrent scientific and engineering branches. The contributions are divided into eight sections.
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