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Selected morphological features in the common speech of the young generation in the border zone of west Bohemia
Nová, Jana
The aim of the paper is to describe a newly developed common speech in an area settled by people from various regions. We present research results from five towns northwest of Pilsen (West Bohemia). The common speech of this region is based on common Czech, with noteworthy occurence of West Bohemian dialectal features, and no strictly defined features of standard Czech. There are supposed certain differences between localities, partly explainable by geographical context. Comparing the two used research methods, in the written questionnaire respondents tended to use standard Czech more frequently, while in the recording of their speech many rare language items or variant forms have not been registered.
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Some Problems of Processing Verbs in Dialect Dictionary
Šipková, Milena
The author aims to emphasize the fact that the dialect lexicographer indispensably needs a broad theoretical lexicological skills for his work, i.e. that he sees (realizes/distinguishes) in phonological, morphological and word-formational morphs and morphems (prefixes, sufixes, endings) and in the syntactic behaviour of verbs important signals (indicators) of possible semantic differences. On the other side, it needs to be stressed that it primarily is the word and its meaning that stays in the centre of lexicographer’s attention, and though phonology, morphology, word-formation and syntax are respectable for him, i.e. he must take them into consideration, they, nevertheless, only play a supportive and stimulating role.
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Naming of Tuberculosis in Czech Dialects
Konečná, Sabina
The so far unpublished material gained during research for the Czech Linguistic Atlas in 1960s and 1970s shows that names for tuberculosis of domestic as well as foreign origin existed in Czech dialects. A great group of words is formed by ancient names with the base souch-/such- (e.g. souchotiny, souchotě, souchoty; suchá nemoc). Also names with the base (ú)by were recorded. The recorded loanwords are of German origin (e.g. auscerunk, opcérunk, lunzucht). The most distinct loanword is lunzucht (with a lot of phonetic versions), typical for most of Silesian dialects. The names for tuberculosis were motivated by the process of losing weight and overall body decline accompanying this illness. The attached map shows geographical distribution of particular expressions.
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On the research of word formation in Czech dialects
Hlubinková, Zuzana
The Czech dialectological word-formation studies have started to develop particularly since the 1960s following the research of M. Dokulil. A number of dialectological monographs of that period contained only brief sections devoted to word formation. Monographs exclusively dealing with dialectological word formation were usually written later; the dissertation by M. Racková (1965) and by F. Fic (1984) remained in manuscript, whereas the work by Z. Hlubínková Tvoření slov ve východomoravských nářečích was published in print in 2010. The authors of these books have arrived at the following conclusions: a number of word-formation features are shared both by the standard language and the dialects, specific are only the very few formants, and a large part of them is of expressive nature (the contribution provides its list). The specific features are typical not only to nouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs, but also to pronouns and prepositions. Moreover, it is possible to account for their regional distributional (a sample map is included, too).
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Prothetic v- in view of quantitative linguistic research
Šimečková, Marta
The paper presents an overview and evaluation of the hitherto linguistic research of the prothetic v- in the Czech language. The main aim of the item is to compare different approaches in quantitative descriptions of this phenomenon in diachronic and synchronic works, to point out the pros and cons of applied methodologies and to suggest possible solutions for future research. Points of view shown in representative publications are presented, attention was paid to the prothetic v- due to its unintegration into the Czech standard phonetic system and to its often occurrence in some territorial dialects and in common (or colloquial) Czech.
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