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DNA markery rezistencie voči biotickému stresu u uhorky siatej
Zvalová, Monika
Thanks to ever-advancing biotechnology techniques, DNA markers have become an integral part of the study of the plant genome. Knowledge of ideal molecular markers is widely applicable and helpful in genome mapping, genetic map construction, systematic taxonomy or conventional breeding. Compared to conventional approaches, DNA markers have many advantages, such as high stability, reliability and they are not affected by the environment. The diploma thesis deals with the application of various types of genetic markers in the study of regions of the cucumber genome responsible for resistance or susceptibility to selected biotic stressors, especially bacteries and viruses. It compares the effectiveness of RAPD with SCAR and CAPS markers. Furthermore, suitable and unsatisfactory genetic markers against angular leaf spot and disease caused by Zucchini yellow mosaic virus have been defined, which contribute to the economic losses of many crops every year. The work includes optimization of the PCR protocol and sequence analysis of selected amplified regions of the cucumber genome and their subsequent comparison in the NCBI database. For the future, a practical use of the results is proposed for cooperation with the MORAVOSEED CZ a.s company. The conclusion of the laboratory work can be helpful in the perspective use of markers specific to PSyLA and ZYMV.
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Odpoveď ekotypov Arabidopsis na abiotický stres
Zvalová, Monika
Distribution of a given plant species reflects its ability to acclimate to different natural environmental conditions. Plant acclimation to cold is of high importance because of recent raise of abundance of temperature extremes. The aim of this thesis was a characterization of twentytwo selected Arabidopsis ecotypes after sub-zero treatment and identification of those that are associated with effective cold acclimation. This evaluation of the processes involved in cold protection was enabled by substantial variability in the frost tolerance among these contrasting ecotypes. We identified frost tolerant and sensitive ecotypes that were further characterized by rosette area and photosynthetic pigments measurement. These results correspond with geographical distribution of a given species. The next step will be proteomic analysis of selected ecotypes to identified molecular processess involved in freezing stress tolerance. The adaptation of individual Arabidopsis ecotypes to different environmental conditions, resulting in a wide range of frost hardiness, offers unique possibility to elucidate mechanisms associated with efficient defence to low temperatures.Formula clause:I agree that my work will be published in accordance with § 47b of Act no. 111/1998 Coll., On Higher Education Institutions and on Amendments to Other Acts (Higher Education Act), as amended, and in accordance with the valid Directive on the Publishing of Higher Education Final Works
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