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Transformation process of economic result to the corporate tax base
Vrána, Jan ; Zelenková, Marie (advisor) ; Ašenbrenerová, Petra (referee)
The main goal of this Bachelor thesis is to summarize problematics of creation of the corporate income tax base. It deals with the transformation from the economic result to the corporate income tax base through the exclusion of non-tax deductible costs and exempt income, removal of tax base deductions and tax credits. In first theoretical part of this Bachelor thesis these concepts are described in detail. The differences between accounting and tax provisions, adjusting entries and depreciation are described too. Further the accounting basics according to Czech law are concisely described because accounting is the main source of information when determining the tax base. The basic information about corporate income tax is mentioned too. The identified information is then applied to practical example of fictive accounting entity. This entire process of transformation is demonstrated together with filing of tax declaration of corporate income tax.
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Deferred tax in the consolidated financial statements at the transition from US GAAP to IFRS
Zikirina, Kristina ; Zelenková, Marie (advisor) ; Zelenka, Vladimír (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the deferred tax issue in the context of changing the US GAAP accounting system to IFRS. First of all, it summarizes the theoretical approaches to recognition, measurement and reporting of deferred tax and examines the factors, which could affect its appearance in the individual and consolidated financial statements. Then this diploma thesis focuses on the comparison between the US GAAP and IFRS rules regarding deferred tax accounting. The output of this comparison is demonstrated in a form of analysis table pointing to the fundamental conceptual differences. Next part of the thesis presents the first IFRS adoption issue in relation to IFRS 1, where the effect of the first adoption on the presented deferred tax is accentuated. After all, the findings from the theoretical part of the diploma thesis are applied in the practical example of PJSC LUKOIL, which had to change US GAAP to IFRS in 2014 due to the new legislation requirement. This last part examines the differential attitudes of both accounting systems to deferred tax and presentation and significance of deferred tax at the first IFRS adoption.
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Bonds according to Czech accounting regulations
Janičkovičová, Ivana ; Ašenbrenerová, Petra (advisor) ; Zelenková, Marie (referee)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to provide complex information essential to correctly account all transactions concerning bonds in Czech accounting environment, particularly from the view of private sector enterprises. It explains in detail the legal form of bonds in Czech Republic, their pertinences and specific categories. It also contains theoretic commentary to accounting cases related to bonds, which a Czech investor or issuer can encounter in their accounting records. The practical solutions to these cases are shown in examples, regarding various types of bonds and in compliance with Czech accounting legislation.
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Deferred tax
Friedel, Jaromír ; Ašenbrenerová, Petra (advisor) ; Zelenková, Marie (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the problematics of deferred tax. The first chapter is concerned with the essence and creation of deferred tax. Subsequently, the first chapter describes the relation between deferred tax and general accounting principles, it also describes ways of determining deferred tax. The second chapter is aimed at the calculation and reporting of deferred tax. It also covers testing and legislative regulation of deferred tax. The third chapter is focused on the selected titles which lead to the deferred tax asset or liability and on the analysis of the effect of deferred tax on net profit. The research of the deferred tax in the financial statements of transport companies is carried out in the fourth chapter.
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Problematic Accounting Cases in terms of Value added Tax
Smolová, Gabriela ; Müllerová, Libuše (advisor) ; Zelenková, Marie (referee)
The goal of the thesis is to offer a comprehensive view of the issue of value-added tax and its representation in accounting. The thesis is divided into two basic parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part focuses on value-added tax legislation and on the basic terms and concepts used in the thesis. Later, it briefly deals with the development history of tax and tax rates. The thesis also introduces basic principles of VAT accounting and later describes problematic accounting cases in terms of value added tax on a theoretical level. The practical part covers the presentation and reporting of selected accounting issues and later the representation of these issues in the value-added tax return form and in the control statement.
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Preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with US GAAP
Polaková, Dorota ; Zelenková, Marie (advisor) ; Zelenka, Vladimír (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with the US GAAP. It briefly describes the development of the US GAAP and organizations working with the FASB. Afterward, it mentions the US GAAP and the IFRS key standards concerned with the consolidated financial statements. For appropriate recognition of the investment, it is necessary to determine conditions under which the entity controls another entity. This thesis focuses on full consolidation method and equity method. For better understanding of the area, practical examples are included. This thesis aims to define the general principles and rules applicable to the preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with the US GAAP and also to compare specific areas to the IFRS.
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Methodology Comparison of the Statement of Cash Flows as Regulated by Czech Accounting Legislation, IFRS and US GAAP
Přibáňová, Aneta ; Zelenková, Marie (advisor) ; Vašek, Libor (referee)
This masters thesis main focus is a statement of cash flows as regulated by czech accounting legislation, International Financial Reporting Standards and US GAAP. First chapter describes the importance of Statement of cash flows and his value added for users of financial statements. The historical context of the statement is shown, it is stated which entities are obligated to report statement of cash flows and lastly the internal structure of the statement is discussed. The second chapter begins by general methods of preparing the statement, then so called specific items are dealt with. The solution of some advanced accounting transactions (government grants, leases, loans, deferred payments etc.) is described. In the end the presentation and dislocure requirements are discussed. Last chapter contains research, where 99 companies are researched, answers are made concerning stated research questions and research hypothesis are concluded.
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Liquidation of business corporations without legal successor in the Czech Republic
Polakovičová, Jana ; Randáková, Monika (advisor) ; Zelenková, Marie (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on the process of liquidation of the business corporations without a legal successor in accordance with Czech legislation. The liquidation is defined in law, accounting and tax perspective. The practical part of the thesis shows process of liquidation on the example of fictitious company but also on the company from the practice. On the other companies the hypothesis is verified: "Business corporations which are more than 50 % owned by the state publish financial statements."
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