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Exotic species of herpetofauna in Europe and their impacts on native species
VOREL, Michal
The aim of this study was to carry out a research about the invasions of alien species of herpetofauna and their impacts, to present contemporary state of the studies of alien species in Europe, to analyze success of the invasions in terms of their taxonomic groups, to analyze the impacts of successful inavasions, to evaluate the results and suggest the project of appropriate precausions. Database Web of Science, Zoological Records and web browser Google Scholar were used as sources for searching scientific papers. These were the key words: "alien, reptiles/reptilia; alien, amphibians/ambhibia, invasive". The scientific studies which mentioned introduction of alien reptiles and amphibians to Europe were chosen from database. Population which was viable and reproduced repeatedly was considered as the stable population. Eight species from order salamanders, 20 frogs, eight turtles, 23 lizards and 11 snakes were introduced into geografic part of Europe. The most of the introduced species of alien herpetofauna belonged into families: Ranidae, Lacertidae and Emydidae. The most common pathways for introduction of alien species of herpetofauna were: pet trade, intentional release and cargo stowaway. In the future, the restriction of breeding certain problematic species (ban of import Lithobates catesbeianus and Trachemys scripta scripta into the Europe), more thorough controls of cargo transportation and especially information campaign in schools and media could be solution to the issue of introduction of alien species.
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Flora of vascular plants in the base area of the Central European grid system (CEBA) No. 7251 (southern vicinity of Český Krumlov town)
VOREL, Michal
The aim of this study was to describe the basic characteristics of natural conditions of the quadrant number 7251 of the Central European grid system and to create a list of taxons of vascular plants, which were found acording to literary sources in this area. These data were compared to data from own field research, which was performed in the years 2011 and 2012, from march untill september. A completed list of all vascular plants in this area was created based on all obtained data. This completed list was compared to amount of plants of other quadrants of Czech republic. The whole area is situated in Vltava river-basin and is part of ?Českokrumlovská vrchovina?. This highlands is composed of crystallic rock of the Moldanubian zone. The altitude is between 828 to 500 m.a.s.l. This area is situated in the rain shadow of Šumava (average rainfall totals 650 mm per year). Most of this area is covered by mesophyte and a minor part is covered by oreophyte. According to literary sources, 519 taxons of vascular plants were found in this area. During own field search, only 319 taxons were found. After comparing these data, it turned out that 84 taxons were newly found in this area. In sum, the list of all taxons from this quadrant contained 603 species. According to these data (literary sources + own field research) and according to the amount of all vascular plants of an average quadrant of Czech republic, is possible to describe quadrant number 7251 as taxonomically poorer.
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