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The effect of increased physical activity (sport) pregnancy and childbirth.
VÍTOVCOVÁ, Natálie
This bachelor thesis focuses on the impact of increased physical activity (sport) on pregnancy and childbrth. First, I deal with childbirth itself and its phases, also known as childbrith sequences. In my thesis I focus on physical changes during pregnancy, from metabolical changes and changes of weight to changes of motion system, as well as possible skin changes. The bachelor thesis also mentions psychological changes women may go through. Subsequently, the theoretical part deals with pregnancy diet, describing suitable drinking regime and suitable nutrition. The second part of the theoretical part is focused on physical activity in general, and physical activity during pregnancy. Both appropriate and inappropriate activities during pregnancy are described. The conclusion of the theoretical work includes top-level sport activities during pregnancy as well as relaxing, which makes up a key part in women who do sports on a top level. The aim of this thesis was to find out what impact increased physical activity (sport) has on pregnancy and childbirth. Two research questions were asked: In what ways did increased physical activity influence pregnancy? In what ways did increased physcal activity influence childbirth? For survey purposes, a qualitative method was used, carried out via individual semistructured interviews. These were carried out with respondents who did top-level sports wit increased physical activity before pregnancy, and some of them during pregnancy as well. All respondents were introduced to the topic beforehand, the aim of the interview was clarified. The respondents were secured about being kept anonymous as well as about dealing with information in accordance with ethical laws and norms. During interviews, information was noted down, later anonymized. Categories and sub-categories were created using data analysis via text-colouring method. The research survey has proved that increased physical activity has positive influence mainly on the psychology and physical condition. During pregnancy, the women did not suffer from anxiety, depression, nor any other disorders. Only one of the respondents was concerned for the fetus due to risky pregnancy, which did not have to be caused by toplevel sport she was doing before pregnancy. Women were in good physical condition during the whole pregnancy, proving itself in childbirth itself. The women could cope better with the birth load, and they knew how to breathe correctly. During puerperium all women recovered very fast, and all of them returned to their top-level sport. The research work points to the fact that increased physical activity may be done even during pregnancy for it has positive influence on the woman´s overall situation. Women should be informed about these facts by their birth assistants. It is important to stress that women should not get overwhelmed at the expense of pregnancy, and if they are not feeling well, they should rather limit or leave sport out altogether. This bachelor thesis may be used to improve informing those women who do increased physical activity (sport).
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