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Functional characterization of selected Kunitz proteins of Eudiplozoon nipponicum
Tymich, Alexandr ; Mikeš, Libor (advisor) ; Kašný, Martin (referee)
Proteins containing the Kunitz domain are mostly 6-10 kDa inhibitors of serine proteases, but in exceptional cases they can also inhibit cysteine and aspartic proteases. The main characteristic is the presence of six cysteine residues forming three disulfide bridges creating a typical active loop, which is complementary to the active site of various proteases. The specificity of this binding is largely determined by the amino acid in the P1 position. Their functions include the regulation of a number of physiological events based on proteolysis, e.g. the blood coagulation cascade or immune reactions. However, due to their nature, they have also become a powerful tool for parasitic organisms to interact with their host, where they again target proteases involved in the host's physiological events and thus allow the parasite to survive the interaction with the host. Until recently, representatives of the class Monogenea were a neglected group from the point of view of molecular parasite-host interactions, and only a few works were devoted to their biochemistry and the description of biologically active molecules. In this work, I focused on two selected Kunitz proteins in Eudiplozoon nipponicum, a blood-sucking ectoparasite from the Monogenea class, which has become a fairly common parasite of common...
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Evolutionary dynamics of rDNA clusters in arthropods with holocentric chromosomes
Tymich, Alexandr ; Šťáhlavský, František (advisor) ; Dalíková, Martina (referee)
Nowadays, rDNA clusters displayed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) are one of the standard cytogenetic markers used to identify chromosome homology, allowing the determination of mechanisms and possible rate of rearrangements during karyotypic evolution of the studied groups. This bachelor thesis presents a review of the variability of rDNA clusters in arthropods with holocentric chromosomes. Most of the groups studied so far (Odonata, Psocoptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Buthidae and the genus Rhipicephalus) show a conservative number and position of rDNA clusters. However, this fact may be due to the limited amount of data available. Nowadays, best studied is order Lepidoptera, in which a relatively large variability in the number and position of rDNA clusters has been found. This is probably due to chromosome fusion/cleavage, chromosome rearrangements, or transposition of rDNA clusters. Key words: rDNA clusters, holocentric chromosomes, fluorescence in situ hybridization, arthropods, evolutionary dynamics, NOR
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