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Strategies for determinig transfer prices in period of economical crisis
Skrbková, Lucie ; Francírek, František (advisor) ; Jakoubek, Jiří (referee)
In the most cases the market range of transfer pricing is determined from statistical data from previous years. In case of these data the time delay occurs when these data are collected and these data do not reflect if that are collected for period of economical growth or recession. As a result, the final transfer pricing range can become distorted. For this reason it is essential to be familiar with strategies and procedures that can be applied to "clean up" statistical data from the influence of business cycle fluctuations. These strategies and procedures are discussed in this diploma thesis. In the first theoretical chapter are presented transfer pricing issues, set the basic terms, analyzed basic available resources dealing with transfer pricing, defined methods for determining transfer pricing range and identified consequences of the economic crisis in relation to transfer pricing. The second chapter is focused on the selection of the most appropriate method for determining transfer pricing and comparative of both the theoretical and practical basis. The last chapter presents the strategies and procedures that can be used in a comparative analysis, in order to eliminate distortions of the statistical data from the influence of business cycle fluctuations.
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Fiscal effects of changes in social insurance
Skrbková, Lucie ; Klazar, Stanislav (advisor) ; Klazar, Stanislav (referee)
I have chosen the theme of social insurance for my bachelor final essay because it is a highly debated topic, and interests me because decisions and changes made in regards to social insurance impact everyone from employees, to entrepreneurs, to employers, to the state for which social insurance is paid on people's behalf, and to people without taxable income. The primary goal of this final essay is to analyze changes in revenues from social insurance, assuming variable factors which cause social insurance revenues to increase or decrease, The variable factors I will focus on include minimum wage, average wage, rate of inflation, and insurance rates. I will also mention and touch upon other factors which could influence the amount of social insurance revenues, such as demographic factors and base limits imposed for individuals. I will outline and analyze which current changes in social insurance are valid for 2009. I will search out revenues from social insurance of common budgets during the period from 1999 to 2008 and then according to this output data, I will answer the question as to why these changes were made. Finally, I will try to find the best statistics model which would sufficiently describe relationships between insurance revenues (as dependent variable) with minimum wage and average wage (as explanatory variables).
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