|
|
Risk of osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: nutritional factors
Skalníková, Karolína ; Zikán, Vít (advisor) ; Raška, Ivan (referee)
Introduction: Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic skeletal disease characterized by a decrease in bone mechanical resistance due to decreased bone mass and/or bone quality defects. The incidence of osteoporosis has been increasing in developed countries. The reason for this is a lifestyle change in terms of a decrease in physical activity and an increase in life expectancy, which is also related to an increase in the number of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance, insulin deficiency and hyperglycaemia. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis often occur together. Some authors consider osteoporosis to be a chronic complication of type 2 diabetes. Objective: The objective of this thesis is to evaluate dietary habits and intakes of selected nutrients in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and compare this with recommended values and with control group of women without type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to assess possible relationships to the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Methods: Dietary habits and intakes of selected nutrients were evaluated on the basis of questionnaires and an analysis of three-day dietary plans. Energy, essential nutrients, fiber, sodium, calcium and...
|
|
|
The intake of fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids from school canteens' menus
SKALNÍKOVÁ, Karolína
This bachelor thesis is concerned with the intake of fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids from school canteens' menus. The aim was to monitor the content of fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids in meals from three school canteens. The thesis consists of two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is focused on school catering, nutrition of preschool and school children and fatty acids. The practical part is focused on a qualitative research. The research group consists of three bi-weekly (10 days) menus from one kindergarten and two elementary schools. The menus were analyzed by four nutrition databases. In some cases, the values of fatty acid were taken from the packaging of the foodstuffs or from the producers. The final intakes were then compared with the recommended intakes for children of different age groups. Regarding the kindergarten menu, the average final value of saturated fatty acids is about one half higher than the recommended intake. The average final values of monounsaturated fatty acdis and polyunsaturated fatty acids are within limits for the recommended intake. Concerning the elementary school menus, the average final values point out to an acceptable intake of saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids. However, by assessing the menus according to individual days, it can be determined that this is a diverse set of values. The average values of polyunsaturated fatty acids are shown to be insufficient. Nevertheless, the ratio of the subgroups of polyunsaturated fatty acids Omega 6 and Omega 3 seems to be non-hazardous, as no final value of the ratio exceeds the maximum recommended ratio 5 : 1. However, in the case of the kindergarten menu it is different, as its average proportion is higher than 5 : 1 ratio.
|
guest ::
RSS feed.